• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.119-146
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• 2006

City of Gyeongju's referendum finally offered the long-waited low-level radioactive waste disposal site in November 2005. Gyeongju's positive decision was due to the various economic rewards and incentives the national government promised to the city. 300 million won for an accepting bonus, 8.5 billion won, annual revenue fro the entry quantity of waste into the city's disposal site, the location of the headquarter building of the Korean Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., and the accelerator research center. All of the above will affect the city's infrastructure and the citizens' economic and cultural lives. Population, land use, economic structure, environment and quality of life will be affected. Some will be very positive, and some will be positive. This research project will see the future of the city and forecast the demographic, economic, physical and environmental changes of the city via computer simulation's system dynamics technique. This kind of simulation will help City of Gyeongju's what to prepare for the future. The population forecasting of the year 2026 will be 289,069 with the waste disposal site, and 279,131 without the waste disposal site in Gyeongju. The waste disposal site and the relocation of the company headquarters and location of the accelerator research center will attract 9,938 individuals more with 511 manufacturing shops and 1944 service jobs. The population increase will bring 3,550 more houses constructed in the city. Land use will also be affected. More land will be developed. However, mad, water plant and waste water plant will not be expanded as much. The city's financial structure will be expanded, due to the increased revenues from the waste disposal site, and property tax revenues from the middle-class employees of the company, and the high-powered scientists and technologists from the accelerator research center. All in an, the future of the city will be brighter after operating the nuclear waste disposal site inside the city.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.609-619
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• 1974

The purpose of this study is to survey Korean mother's child-rearing methods and to see what influence each layed on children's school achievement. To obtain data, a questionaire was given to 607 boys and girls, who were selected from both public and private middle schools in Seoul. The student were consisted of two distinct groups, namely superior and inferior. Five top students from each class were categorized as the superior group and five bottom ones from each class were categorized as the inferior group. The questionaire was consisted of 7 items, namely, the needing method, feeding period, weaning time, mothers general attitudes about crying, sleeping arrangement and whether mothers workers or not. Summary of this study is as follows ; 1. As far as babies were breast-fed, there was no significant between the superior group and the interior group no matter what feeding period and weaning time were. 2. When the babies were fed by milk or both by milk and breast, the most favorable weaning time for intellectual development seemed to be between 6 and 9 months after birth. 3. The mother's general attitudes to babies crying and the sleeping arrangement have definite influence on the children's school achievement. It was shown that if mothers hugged babies as soon as they cried the babies tended to be superior, but the mothers of inferior group had tendency to let alone, until the babies stopped crying or hug after finishing their urgent works. Then the superior group was allowed to sleep alone in his own bed in the mother's room. On the contrary, the inferior group was kept in their mother bed or that of other family's without being given his own bed. 4. Whether mother had a job or not did not had any influence on children's school achievement. 5. Korean mothers have tendency to hug their babies as soon as when they find them cry and feed them with breast milk. The study also shows that the mothers rearing attitudes has certain influencial effect upon the children's school achievement.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.19 no.1 s.19
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• pp.100-122
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• 1986

Obtaining an available information on health concerns of parents of school-age children and furthermore developing the sound policy for the public on health education, this study was conducted during Nov.-Dec. 1985 in the four selected areas; Seoul, large, middle and small city, and farming and fishery villages for 3,337 parents of schoolchildren in Korea. In this study, parents complected a questionnaire containing 34 items related to health concerns(e.g. drinking alcohol, air pollution, cancer, etc. see Table 4 and Fig. 2). For each health items, respondents were asked to indicate a choice between three levels of concern; 'Very high concern,' 'Moderate concern,' 'Little concern', and 'No opinion'. An analysis of responses indicated that most of the top ten health concerns identified by parents as cancer, abortions among high school students, medical malpractice, water pollution, traffic accidents, air pollution, suicide of parents and homicide of offspring, heart disease, venereal diseases, and high blood pressure in that order. Those health problems about which respondents were least concerned were more closely related to the individual, such as drinking alcohol, smoking, tooth decay, gum disease, underweight, overweight. Of greater concern were more such as water pollution, abortions among high school students, air pollution, accidents, medical malpractice. For cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, various accidents, environmental pollution, parents showed high concern, however, for health issues which contributed as causative influences such as lung cancer from smoking and liver cirrhosis and traffic accidents from drinking alcohol showed less concern. Relationship between parent's residential areas, educational level and sex distribution and health concern showed little difference, however, for these issues parents identified as relatively high concern. Most parents stowed more concern in sex-related of family-related health issues such as abortions among high school students, suicide of parents and homicide of offspring.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to provide fundamental data on the development of ready-to-wear clothing appropriate for the lower body types of male students who play sports in college. The study was conducted by means of targeting 151 male sports majors between $18{\sim}27$ years of age. Characteristics of the respondents were ascertained by means of questionnaires and an evaluation of a total of 36 lower body features. The results of the study are as follows. 1. A comparison of anthropometric measurements with the National Anthropometric Survey of Korea (1997) revealed that the main characteristics of the lower somatotypes of male sports college students are large circumferences and developed muscles of the lower body. 2. Sports were classified into the following five categories : soccer, bodybuilding, wrestling, judo, and taekwondo. In particular, bodybuilding students demonstrated a somatotype with an increased circumference, depth, and width of the thigh and lower body. 3. Somatotypes were classified into 3 types by means of a cluster analysis employing S factors. Type 1 somatotype exhibits a large circumference in the lower body. Type 2 is a lower somatotype of a middle size. Finally, Type 3 encompasses a smaller group in weight and circumference with a developed calf and ankle. 4. Each group was evaluated using a discriminatory analysis as a check to see if the groups had been discriminated with accuracy. The total accuracy rate was 96.0%.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.26-39
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• 2020

This study analyzed the usage characteristics and requirements of students who are users of the middle school education space, and the following results were obtained: First, we could see that various types of classes were needed, such as lecture-style classes, team projects, and four-person consultation and discussion classes, in a way that helped to improve the desirable teaching patterns and learning ability. Second, the place where space was used during the break and the relationship between peers, revealed that most of them were in the classroom and the hallway, and the peer group was composed of three to eight people or more, that were active with various compositions. Third, a gym, library, toilet, stairway, cafeteria, nurse's office, and teachers' room appeared in the center of the building, indicating the need for a balanced layout. Fourth, physical education (dance) rooms, audiovisual rooms (performance rooms), workshops (personal creation), snack bar, rest area, spacious indoor square, and study rooms were needed as facilities that can help learning activities other than current facilities. These outcomes show that the existing classroom layout and space composition formats require some spatial restructuring.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.651-658
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to see how the sling lumbar stabilization exercise affects muscle body type and subjective pain degree of 17 middle-age men who are diagnosed with sacroiliac joint syndrome and investigate the effectiveness. The subjects of this study are patients who have been diagnosed with sacroiliac joint syndrome through tests like X-ray in S Orthopedics in C City and have had chronic lumbar pain for more than 6 months and the before and after results about subjective pain degree through three dimension Moire Muscle Body Type Tester and subjective pain degree through VAS Pain Awareness after sling lumbar stabilization exercise 3 times a week, 30 minutes a time, total 24 times for 8 weeks have revealed the following: The change of muscle body type has been comprehensively improved in the statistics before and after the exercise and the subjective pain degree has also comprehensively decreased in the statistics. Therefore, sling lumbar stabilization exercise is proved to give positive affect to muscle body type and pain improvement of the patients with sacroiliac joint syndrome.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.23-38
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• 2022

The study provided a perspective on which readers can see Newton's proof heuristically in order to overcome the difficulty of proof showing 'QT²/QR converges to the latus rectum of ellipse' in the proof of the inverse square law of Newton's Principia. The heuristic perspective is as follows: The starting point of the proof is the belief that if we transform the denominators and numerators of QT²/QR into expression with respect to segments related to diameter and conjugate diameter, we may obtain some constant, the desired value, by their relationship PV × VG/QV² = PC²/CD² in Apollonius' Conic sections. The heuristic perspective proposed in this study is meaningful because it can help readers understand Newton's proof more easily by presenting the direction of transformation of QT²/QR.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

School facilities are one of the important educational requirements, and it is necessary to maintain safe and sustainable for the ongoing educational environment. For this reason, educational government department have an effort to produce school facilities that have become safe, comfort, convenient and high-quality. There are many methods to improve existing buildings and build new schools by energy efficient technology. Even though educational environment of school facilities are improved by the efforts, the energy consumption has a huge increase. Energy is a major budget item for schools. The accurate estimation of energy cost is critical for effective budgeting and financing for the school facility maintenance. Accurate energy cost estimation also allow for a anticipatable LCC (Life Cycle Cost) of new school facilities. In this study, in order to produce a basic information about the present energy usage status in domestic school facilities, energy usage quantity is regionally analysed according to physical characteristics of elementary, middle, and high school facilities. Those results will give a chance to see deeply the pros and cons of energy usage each regional school facilities.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.793-798
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• 2009

Hair cut is one of the best useful technical tool for hair styling. In this study using the rule of the layers of hair design, balanced for visual art, perceptual ability and form created by the principles of analysis and offer hair cuts and hair design of the representation of regions and even hair design as the basis of a student of Hair Beauty and all the people working in the field can create a variety of hair design puts the purpose to establish a basis. The result of this study can be outline as follows: First, the step line and the movement of the relationship between the law of the layers above and below the length of the same layer techniques, the same consists of a vertical cross-section of the overall round shape of the cut same layer is created and the appropriate volume and movement, the movement of low-layer round a little bit more feeling and expression is used when you want. High-layer used to want to move a lot of light and could see that. Second, the layer of the Law and over direction, lifting, section, the line control. weight control and analyzed by principle and the principle of the process of forming the written form was unknown. Third, hair design, the expansion of the expressive power of the law of the layers, and the section of the over direction depends on the presence of line control to express the length of the outline I had to, lifting the weight to adjust form controls, and the expression of Hair Design will be expanding the width. A hair designer, a layer style to create a zone he thought the law of the first layer formative area To further the reach will be a lot of research, leading up formative aspects of this research thesis do not have missing parts, or as a result of the Beauty of Hair Design and the width of a hair design education in the field can perform to help feed the reference materials that will be.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.3
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• pp.35-58
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• 2002

This research attempted to investigate the real state of adolescent smoking and drinking, and to study how stress influences on smoking and drinking of high school students. This data was collected from 837 first and second grade students in a vocational high school in Go-yang city, Gyeonggi province. Data analysis consisted of frequency, percentage, Chi-square, T-test, step-wise regression analysis, using SPSSWIN. The results of analysis were as follows: First, 51.7% of the students have never smoked, while 48.3% have experienced smoking. Most students started smoking in the second year of the middle school, though 17.6% of the smokers already started in the elementary school. The strongest motive of initial smoking was curiosity, next the inducement of friends, and 10.9% of them smoked to get rid of stress. Their favorite place for smoking was in the order of the entertainment centers, schools, and private academies. They personally purchased cigarettes mostly at the store. Most of them smoked less than 5 cigarettes a day, but 3.7% smoked more than a pack of cigarettes a day, usually with friends rather than alone. Second, the ratio of drinking was relatively high 78.1%, and their initial drinking experience was most frequent at the third year of the middle school. The initial motive of drinking was mostly curiosity and the inducement of friends, but 10.7% of them started drinking to reduce stress and anxiety. The places for buying alcohol and drinking were bars or restaurants. The ratio of habitual drinking was 45.1%, and the ratio of irregular drinking was 53.3%. 1.8% of the drinking students enjoyed drinking everyday. The amount of drinking varied from half a bottle to two bottles of Soju, and the drinking problem was serious to see that 11% of them drank more than two bottles at a time. Because 84.4% drank in groups with friends, a thorough and systematic supervision and education of the peer group drinking is essential. Third, as for the relationship between personal matters and smoking, it was found that there was a positive relation between smoking and sex, but there was no correlation between smoking and school years. Adolescent smoking was also related with scholastic achievement, the number of friends, and the existence of parents. Fourth, as for the relationship between personal matters and drinking, it was found that there was no correlation between drinking and sex, but there was a positive relation between drinking and school years. Fifth, the average index of stress was students themselves(2.58), school life(2.53), family life(2.19), friends(2.00), and the total index of stress was 2.33. Sixth, there appeared a marginal negative correlation between stress and 'drinking and smoking' in Pearson coefficient of correlation r to see the influence of stress on smoking and drinking. The difference of the average index of stress according to smoking and drinking bears meaningful difference for all students, smokers and non-smokers, drinkers and abstainers in students themselves, school life, family life, friends, and total stress. Smoking has an effect on family life most, school life next, and drinking has an effect on school life most, family life next, with the explanation power of 11% and 9% respectively, in a regression analysis to analyze the factors influencing on smoking and drinking among the factors of stress.