• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
• /
• 제42권7호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 60 GHz 대역의 무선 LAN(Wireless Local Area Network) 시스템에서 Balanced 구조를 갖는 증폭기나 믹서에 응용이 가능한 CPW(Coplanar Waveguide)구조의 Tandem 형 3-dB 방향성 결합기를 설계하고 제작하였다. 이는 기존의 edge-coupled 선로를 이용한 3 dB 결합기가 가지는 제작의 어려움과 방향성의 문제를 개선하기 위해 단일 결합선로를 다단으로 평행하게 연결한 구조이다. 우리는 소자의 크기와 제작의 용이함을 고려해, 결합계수가 -8.34 dB를 갖는 단일 결합선로를 2단으로 평행하게 연결한 구조를 채택하였다. 그리고 기존의 Tandem 결합기 제작에서 사용되어왔던 다층 기판 구조나 본딩 구조가 아닌 에어브리지 구조를 이용하여 단일 평면으로 쉽게 구현할 수 있도록 하였고, V-band(50 $\~$75 GHz)내에서 동작할 수 있도록 기생성분을 줄이고 소자 특성을 유지시켰다. 측정결과 V-band에서 완만한 3.5 $\~$4 dB의 결합도와 87.5$^{\circ}{\pm}1^{\circ}$ 의 위상차를, 60 GHz 에서는 30 dB 이상의 방향성을 확인하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제18권11호
• /
• pp.138-144
• /
• 2017

오늘날 전력수요 급증에 따른 전력소비량이 증가하고 있어 전력손실을 줄일 수 있는 에너지 저감을 위한 설계 또는 설비 대체로 전력의 고품질화가 필요하다. 배전반이란 한전의 발전설비로부터 전기를 공급받아 각 건물에 필요한 설비에 계통별 또는 용도별로 나누어 주는 기계장치이다. 배전반은 일반적으로 외함, 개폐기, 전력용 도체, 제어부분으로 구성된다. 본 연구는 배전반내의 메인 요소인 통전을 위한 전력용 도체에 관한 것이다. 실효교류저항 측정시험을 통해 기존방식 판상도체의 수직 배열구조가 비효율적 구조임을 입증해 본다. 실효교류저항이 많이 증가하면 표피효과로 인해 상대적으로 도체의 단면적이 커지게 된다. 본 연구는표피효과를 줄여 실효교류저항을 최소화시키는 애스터리스크(*) 배열구조를 기반으로 설계하여 에너지 절약과 원자재 절감을 연구하였다. 본 연구의 핵심기술 원리는 애스터리스크 배열구조를 적용하여 도체저항 감소기술 기반 에너지 절감 수배전반이다. 수배전반의 교류전력 공급용 판상도체 각각(rst 또는 abc)의 상에서 발생한 자기장이 상호작용으로 상쇄 소멸될 수 있도록 한 판상도체 배열구조에 관한 것으로 효과로는 판상도체에서 유도성 리액턴스의 발생량이 줄어들면서 유효단면적이 증가, 실효교류저항을 줄인다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the characteristics of organizational structure and occupational satisfaction among nurses in general hospital and small to medium-sized hospital and to investigate the affecting factors on their occupational satisfaction. Methods: The study was based on the cross-sectional descriptive survey. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data from 343 nurses between June and July, 2010. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: Hierarchical structure was dominant in general hospital whereas relationship was highly valued in small to medium-sized hospital. Occupational satisfaction was positively correlated with work environment built on relationship, innovation and tasks. Factors significantly influencing on occupational satisfaction in general hospital included innovative work environment, nurses' income and their health status ($R^2$=40.3%). For the small to medium-sized hospital, they included innovative work environment, satisfaction in life, tasks and professionalism ($R^2$=40.4%). Conclusion: Organizational structure, especially innovative work environment and relationship-oriented attitude had a significant influence on nurses' occupational satisfaction. Therefore, nursing administrators have to develop and consider organizational structure to improve occupational satisfaction.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제24권7호
• /
• pp.344-350
• /
• 2014

Metal films (i.e., Ti, Al and SUH310S) were prepared in a magnetron sputtering apparatus, and their cross-sectional structures were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The apparatus used consisted of a cylindrical metal target which was electrically grounded, and two anode rings attached to the top and to the bottom of the target. A wire was placed along the center-line of the cylindrical target to provide a substrate. When the electrical potential of the substrate was varied, the metal-film formation rate depended on both the discharge voltage and the electrical potential of the substrate. As we made the magnetic field stronger, the plasma which appeared near the target collected on the plasma wall surface and thereby decreased the bias current. The bias current on the conducting wire was different from that for cation collection. The bias current decreased because the collection of cations decreased when we increased the magnetic-coil current. When the substrate was electrically isolated, the films deposited showed a slightly coarse columnar structure with thin voids between adjacent columns. In contrast, in the case of the grounded substrate, the deposited film did not show any clear columns but instead, showed a densely-packed granular structure. No peeling region was observed between the film and substrate, indicating good adhesion.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제73권4호
• /
• pp.397-405
• /
• 2020

In this study size optimization of large-scale dome structures with dynamic constraints is presented. In the optimal design of these structure, the Jaya algorithm is used to find minimal size of design variables. The design variables are the cross-sectional areas of the steel truss bar elements. To take into account the constraints which are the first five natural frequencies of the structures, the finite element analysis is coded in Matlab programs using eigen values of the stiffness matrix of the dome structures. The Jaya algorithm and the finite elements codes are combined by the help of the Matlab - GUI (Graphical User Interface) programming to carry out the optimization process for the dome structures. To show the efficiency and the advances of the Jaya algorithm, 1180 bar dome structure and the 1410 bar dome structure were tested by taking into the frequency constraints. The optimal results obtained by the proposed algorithm are compared with those given in the literature to demonstrate the performance of the Jaya algorithm. At the end of the study, it is concluded that the proposed algorithm can be effectively used in the optimal design of large-scale dome structures.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.170-174
• /
• 2021

As the rising attention to the medical and healthcare issue, Bio-MEMS (Micro electro mechanical systems) platform such as bio sensor, cell culture system, and microfluidics device has been studied extensively. Bio-MEMS platform mostly has high resolution structure made by biocompatible material such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In addition, three dimension structure has been applied to the bio-MEMS. Lithography can be used to fabricate complex structure by multiple process, however, non-rectangular cross section can be implemented by introducing optical apparatus to lithography technic. X-ray lithography can be used even for sub-micron scale. Here in, we demonstrated lines with round shape cross section using the tilted gold absorber which was deposited on the oblique structure as the X-ray mask. This structure was used as a mold for PDMS. Molded PDMS was applied to the cell culture platform. Moreover, molded PDMS was bonded to flat PDMS to utilize to the sub-micro channel. This work has potential to the large area bio-MEMS.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.471-482
• /
• 1995

A complex n-dimensional Kaehlerian manifold of constant holomorphic sectional curvature c is called a comples space form, which is denoted by $M_n(c)$. A complete and simply connected complex space form consists of a complex projective space $P_nC$, a complex Euclidean space $C^n$ or a complex hyperbolic space $H_nC$, according as c > 0, c = 0 or c < 0. The induced almost contact metric structure of a real hypersurface M of $M_n(c)$ is denoted by $(\phi, \zeta, \eta, g)$.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.855-867
• /
• 1998

In the present paper, we introduce the notions of quaternionically planar curves and quaternionically projective transformations to the case of almost quaternionic manifold with symmetric affine connection. Also, we obtain an invariant tensor field under the quaternionically projective transformation, and show that a quaternionic Kahlerian manifold with such a vanishing tensor field is of constant Q-sectional curvature.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.123-136
• /
• 2013

This study is devoted to the optimal design of compressed bars under axial compressive forces and exposed to a corrosive environment. The initial volume of the structure is taken as an optimality parameter. Gutman - Zainullin's exponential stress corrosion model is adopted for analysis. Analytical and numerical results are derived for optimal variation of the cross-sectional area of the bar along its axis.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.647-659
• /
• 2007

Relationships between the Ricci curvature and the squared mean curvature and between the shape operator associated with the mean curvature vector and the sectional curvature function for slant submanifolds of an S-space-form are proved, particularizing them to invariant and anti-invariant submanifolds tangent to the structure vector fields.