• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2016

Background: Functional capacity evaluations (FCEs) are designed to systematically assess the capacity to perform work-related tasks and to determine worker's ability to return to the previous job following work-related injuries. These evaluations may be rated either by clinician or worker. There has been a lack of consensus between the two scoring methods. Objects: This study aimed: 1) to confirm if the data are fit to the Rasch rating scale model and 2) to investigate the item-level concordance rate between the ratings of clinician and injured worker of the FCE. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample (n=124) of a rehabilitation program with the Occupational Rehabilitation Data Base for workers with low back pain. The functional capacity evaluation at admission and discharge was administered to clinicians and workers. The data were analyzed using both classical test theory-based Pearson's r and intra-class coefficient followed by item-level analysis with Rasch rating scale model. Results: All items of the FCE, except sitting items rated by clinician at admission and handling items rated by both clinician and worker throughout admission and discharge, were acceptable fit statistics with minor out of ranges for a misfit criterion. This may indicate that the items of the FCE overall fit to the Rasch rating scale model. Few problematic items responding differently to clinician and worker both at admission and discharge were detected with the differential item functioning analysis despite the excellent concordance rate using the two conventional statistics-sitting and handling items at admission and handling item at discharge. Conclusion: The item-level speculations using Rasch analysis of the FCE demonstrate that the ratings of clinician and self ratings of worker were psychometrically acceptable though there was an apparent discrepancy between the raters both at admission and discharge.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2007

Purpose: A diverse range of measurement methods to evaluate the effect of smoking is more powerful than using a single measure. The objectives of this study were to examine the relationships among smoking pack year, self-reported smoking dependence, and urinary cotinine levels, and to investigate the psychological variables in working men. Method: In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed men working in an electronic company who participated in a smoking cessation program. Among 57 men who completed questionnaires, 25 participate in a test for cotinine levels. Results: Smoking pack year was significantly and positively correlated with the FTND-K (Korean version of Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence) sum scores (r=0.631, p=0.000) and with the levels of urine cotinine (r=0.463, p=0.023). The relationship between FTND-K sum scores and urinary cotinine levels was also significantly positive (r=0.639, p=0.001). Those with higher social support, especially family support, tended to perceive a higher self-efficacy to smoking cessation. Conclusion: These findings suggest that self-reported smoking pack year and nicotine dependence in working men may be a valid way to evaluate the effect of smoking. A supportive family may influence smoking cessation in working men as it increases self-efficacy to avoid smoking.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate relationship between the angle of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (1st MPJ) and the dimensions of the abductor hallucis; dorso-plantar (DP) thickness, medio-lateral (ML) width, and cross-sectional area (CSA), in subjects with and without hallux valgus. Methods: Sixty feet, mean (SD) age of 22.5 (2.1) years old, were included in this study (hallux valgus = 30; control = 30). An X-ray device was used for measurement of the angle of the 1st MPJ, and an ultrasound system was used for determination of mean (SD) DP thickness, ML width, and CSA of the abductor hallucis muscle in each foot from three trials. Results: The results showed the DP thickness, ML width, and CSA of the abductor hallucis did not differ significantly between subjects with and without hallux valgus. In addition, the correlations between the angle of the 1st MPJ and DP thickness, ML width, and CSA of the abductor hallucis showed poor correlation (Pearson r=-0.09, -0.20, and -0.18, respectively). Conclusion: Based on these findings, we speculate that morphological changes to the abductor hallucis muscle cannot be representative of the angle of the 1st MPJ, and also cannot be used in differentiation between subjects with and without hallux valgus.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.332-341
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• 2015

Purpose: Advanced aged pregnancy may be related with health problems so that more aggressive health care is necessary for these women. This study aimed to provide the basic data for developing nursing intervention programs to enhance the health of pregnant women and their new-born babies and by identifying the advanced aged women's need for pregnancy and childbirth. Methods: It is the cross-sectional descriptive study to identify the advanced aged women's need on pregnancy and childbirth. Subjects were pregnant women 35 years or older and postpartum women. Total number of subjects was 95. Measurement tool is self-reporting survey that consisted of 67 items with four-point Likert scale, which was completed during October to November 2014. Results: Average score was 3.44 out of maximum 4 on the care need on pregnancy and childbirth. Average scores according to category were as follows: baby rearing and parental role, 3.55; preconception care, 3.49; delivery care, 3.47; postpartum care 3.42; and prenatal pregnancy, 3.39. The degree of needs on pregnancy and childbirth was different according to delivery experience (t=-2.49, p=.014). Conclusion: Prenatal and postpartum nursing interventions were completed regardless of pregnant women's age until now; however, new nursing intervention programs are necessary to prevent the risk of advanced aged pregnancy, to provide the preconception care, and to increase the infant care and family support.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1489-1492
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• 2016

Background: Although there are no biomarkers that are routinely used in endometrial cancer (EC) management, many studies have found that serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is superior to cancer antigen 125 (CA125) in the detection of EC. The correlation of HE4 with two prognostic factors for EC, primary tumor diameter (PTD) and depth of myometrial invasion (DMI) may be useful in identifying EC patients at high risk of lymphatic dissemination. Objective: To evaluate the correlation of serum HE4 with PTD and DMI in patients with EC. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 EC patients who were scheduled for elective surgery at Rajavithi Hospital between 1st September 2013 and 30th May 2014. Preoperative serum levels of HE4 and CA125 were investigated, and then gross measurement of PTD was taken and postoperative pathologic slides were reviewed for DMI including histologic types, grading and staging. Results: Preoperative serum HE4 levels were strongly correlated with PTD (r=0.65, p<0.001) and moderately correlated with DMI (r=0.46, p<0.001). Moreover, serum HE4 levels were significantly elevated in EC patients with PTD >2 cm (p<0.001) and DMI > 50% (p=0.004). The performance of serum HE4 in identifying EC patients at low risk and high risk of lymph node metastasis was significantly better than that of CA125 (AUC 0.88 vs. 0.65, p=0.003). At an optimal cut-off value of 70 pM/L, serum HE4 had a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 80.0%. Conclusions: In EC patients, preoperative serum HE4 is significantly correlated with PTD and DMI. Serum HE4 levels could be useful in identifying endometrial cancer patients at high risk of lymphatic spread who would benefit from systemic lymphadenectomy at the cut-off value of 70 pM/L.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2016

Objective: This study compared the muscle activities of the erector spinae (ES), the external oblique (EO), and the rectus abdominis (RA) on three different surfaces. The purpose of this study was to determine which surface induces the highest muscle activity during the plank exercises. The information from this study can be used to recommend plank exercises to athletes and patients with weak core muscles. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The subjects include 20 adult males attending S University in Seoul. Participants completed each plank exercise on three different surfaces. To measure muscle activities, researchers used the values from electromyography. The measurement excluded the initial two and final two seconds and collected information on the RA, EO, and ES in each posture of each subject. Results: The left external oblique showed significant differences between the plank position on stable ground (ST) and the plank position using a suspension device (SL) (p<0.05) and between the plank position on the unstable ground (US) and SL (p<0.05). The right rectus abdominis and left rectus abdominis displayed statistically significant differences between the ST and the US (p<0.05) and between the ST and the SL (p<0.05). The right erector spinae had a statistically significant difference between ST and US (p<0.05). Conclusions: The plank exercise strengthens the core muscles effectively, and muscle activity is related to the posture of the exercise and the location of the muscle. These results suggest that plank exercises improve muscle activities. Additionally, plank exercises can be applied to general medical care.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to quantify one of the useful upper extremity movements to evaluate motor control abilities between the groups of people with mild and moderate arm impairments performing a door handling task. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty-one healthy participants and twenty-one persons with chronic stroke (9 mild stroke and 12 moderate stroke) were recruited for this study. Stroke participants were divided into 2 groups based on Fugle-Meyer Assessment scores of 58-65 (mild arm) and 38-57 (moderate arm). All they performed door handling task including the pronation and supination phases 3 times. We measured some movement factors which were reaction time, movement time, hand of peak velocity, hand of movement units to perform door handling task using the three-dimensional motion analysis. Results: The majority of kinematic variables showed significant differences among study groups (p<0.05). The reaction time, total and phase of movement time, hand of peak velocity, the number of movement units discriminated between healthy participants and persons with moderate upper limb stroke (p<0.05). In addition, reaction time, total and phase of movement time, the number of movement units discriminated between those with moderate and mild upper limbs of stroke patients (p<0.05). Conclusions: Three-dimensional kinematic motion analysis in this study was a useful tool for assessing the upper extremity function in different subgroups of people with stroke during the door handling task. These kinematic variables may help clinicians understand the arm movements in door handling task and consist of discriminative therapeutic interventions for stroke patients on upper extremity rehabilitation.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.471-483
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• 2012

Objectives : This study looked at the relationship between occupational stress and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), to evaluate the effect of occupational stress-related factors. Methods : Data was obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 260 local officials in Gangwondo. The research comprised three questions relating to subjective oral symptoms, an occupational stress measurement tool and an oral health impact factor which was composed of questions. The data was analysed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and path analysis in Amos. Results : Occupational stress had a positive correlation to drinking frequency, Oral symptoms had a negative correlation. And drinking frequency, smoking amount and occupational stress had a positive correlation to oral symptoms. It denoted that drinking frequency, occupational stress and oral symptoms had a negative correlation to OHIP. The path model had an excellent goodness of fit (p=0.07, namely p>0.05). Five 'goodness-of-fit indices' of the model were all above 0.9: GFI=0.987, AGFI=0.952, NFI=0.902, IFI=0.939, CFI=0.934), and its RMSEA was 0.045. Occupational stress and oral symptoms had a firsthand impact on OHIP. In addition, it affected OHIP through the parameters of oral symptoms. Occupational stress exercised a firsthand influence on drinking frequency, drinking frequency exercised a firsthand influence on smoking amount. Smoking amount had a firsthand impact on oral symptoms. Conclusions: Oral health education programs for the development of an improved oral hygiene environment through reduction in drinking and smoking also need to focus on relieving stress by improving workplace culture. In addition, due to good communication is required to reduce occupational stress caused by interpersonal conflict.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.665-674
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• 2008

기존의 소지역추정 연구에서는 대부분 특정 시점에서의 관심 모수를 추정하는 문제를 다루어 왔다. 그러나 대부분의 공식통계들은 월, 분기, 또는 년 단위로 반복적으로 얻어지는 패널자료이기 때문에 이를 고려한 추정방법이 필요하다. 이 논문에서는 반복측정 또는 다시점자료 분석에 유용하게 사용되고 있는 일반화추정방정식을 이용한 실증분석을 통해 소지역추정에서 시간종속성을 포함시키는 방안을 알아본다. 실증분석에서는 2005년 1월에서 12월까지의 경상남도 및 울산광역시 월별 경제활동인구조사 자료를 바탕으로 시군구별 실업률과 실업률에 영향을 줄 것으로 생각되는 설명변수의 관계를 일반화선형모형과 일반화추정방정식을 적용하여 분석해 보고 시간종속성을 고려한 것과 하지 않은 것을 비교해 본다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.760-770
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to measure the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude, eating behavior, physical ability and locomotion of 5-year-old-children, and thereby to provide the fundamental information necessary to develop a nutritionrelated physical education program. A survey was performed on 143 5-years-old boys and 113 girls. The results were as follows. The average score in the nutrition knowledge item, was 7.22 out of a possible 10 points; in the dietary attitude item, 32.46 out of 50 points; in the eating behavior item, 26.67 out of 40 points. According to body measurement, there was a significant difference in height by gender (p<0.05), Significant differences in muscle mass and basal metabolic rate were also observed by gender (p<0.001). Gender also influenced the flexibility and reflexibility (p<0.001), with significant difference in balance of the right side (p<0.01). Although this study was limited by its cross-sectional study design, the body muscle (p<0.05) and basal metabolic rate (p<0.05) were observed to have a positive relation with nutritional knowledge. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between nutritional knowledge and dietary attitude (p<0.01). According to the results, it is necessary to develop a long-term and systematic program with the combination of nutrition and physical education to develop correct dietary habits and for the balanced growth of children.