• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to analyze the shapes of blouse with above-elbow sleeves according to arm movements. The shapes include five types of the arm movement(basic posture, reach forward 45, 90, and reach lateral 45, 90) in the stand-posture, which were made by different adaptability of clothes. Experiments were conducted to figure out the dressed shape through 3-D measurement Vivid 910, and also to investigate the area of the shape of sleeves on the section map and the diagonal length of the block made by the basic section line in lateral part of sleeve with Rapid Form 2004, a software for 3-D shape analysis. The Data were analyzed by factor analysis, Anova, Duncan test, t-test. The results of this study were as follows: First, the area of sleeve was briefed 3 factor; front, center, back in sleeve. Second, there were different effect of arm movement, section level and part of shapes in the area of sleeve. Third, the diagonal length was briefed 4 factor; back, back-center, front-center, front. Forth, after t-test, there were statistically significant between the reach forward and lateral and between the angles of arm reach.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.454-467
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• 2013

A practical Ship Inner Shell Optimization Method (SISOM), the purpose of which is to improve the safety of the seagoing transport ship by decreasing the maximum Still Water Bending Moment (SWBM) of the hull girder under all typical loading conditions, is presented in this paper. The objective of SISOM is to make the maximum SWBM minimum, and the section areas of the inner shell are taken as optimization variables. The main requirements of the ship performances, such as cargo hold capacity, propeller and rudder immersion, bridge visibility, damage stability and prevention of pollution etc., are taken as constraints. The penalty function method is used in SISOM to change the above nonlinear constraint problem into an unconstrained one, which is then solved by applying the steepest descent method. After optimization, the optimal section area distribution of the inner shell is obtained, and the shape of inner shell is adjusted according to the optimal section area. SISOM is applied to a product oil tanker and a bulk carrier, and the maximum SWBM of the two ships is significantly decreased by changing the shape of inner shell plate slightly. The two examples prove that SISOM is highly efficient and valuable to engineering practice.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.347-356
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 단면상의 화이버 요소를 사용하여 3차원 강구조물의 점진적인 소성화를 고려하는 실용적인 비선형 비탄성 해석방법을 개발하였다. 부재의 p-$\delta$, p-$\Delta$ 등의 기하비선형은 안정함수로 고려하였다. 잔류응력은 단면상에 있는 화이버 요소에 초기응력을 가하여 고려하였다. 각 하중 단계에서 탄성상태인 단면을 계산하여 축강성과 휨강성을 직접 결정함으로서 점진적인 소성화를 고려하였다. 각 화이버 요소의 응력 변화를 계산하여 변형률 반전효과를 고려하였다. 제안된 해석 방법은 3차원 강구조물의 실용적인 해석 및 설계에 유용하게 사용될 것이라 판단한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제21권47호
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• pp.267-275
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• 1998

As social and economic environments rapidly change, all enterprises are struggling for the 21C. K company, a motor company, is building a new production system by one way of paradigm shift to get the competitive power in the market. This system includes concepts of the thinking shift from maker's view to consumers' view when it makes cars. Simultaneously, K company has been applying another new method 'Interchanges of Different Section of Industry' to make more competitive vendors since 1996. The old method, used until 1995, had worked well and gained lots of effects during the reform activities. But after the technical supervisors from K company had left almost everything went back to the starting point in the vendor company. The major causes of this phenomenon are that there were no ‘structure’ to maintain the reforming activities. We have confirmed that ‘Interchanges of Different Section of Industry’ is a good way to let this ‘structure’ exist continuously. After we compared and analyzed merits or demerits of this system through the experience of applying it to a vendor C, we have suggested more progressive method by strengthening the merits and removing the demerits.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.397-403
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• 2016

Generally, an electrical distribution configuration is a radial system with one-way current in a distribution management system (DMS). All feeders in a DMS have tie-switches to make radial system. Sometimes, DMS should change a tie-switch for operation. In that case, the tie-switch has to be closed first; then a switch is opened as another tie-switch in order to prevent blackout for customers. At the moment when the tie-switch is closed, distribution system is operated in a loop state, not radial. Before the loop operation, DMS operator has to check any expected events for stable distribution system operation; and the most important event is a mis-operation of a protection relay. In addition, DMS operator should check voltage profile violation but a calculation method of section voltages had not been used. Thus, this paper proposes a calculation method of section voltages at a loop operation in a DMS. The proposed calculation algorithm is verified by Matlap Simulink.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2018

Background: Heat energy produced in nuclear reactors and nuclear fuel cycle facilities interactions modifies the physical properties of the shielding materials containing water content. Therefore, in the present paper, effect of the heat on shielding effectiveness of the concretes is investigated for gamma and neutron. The mass attenuation coefficients, effective atomic numbers, fast neutron removal cross-section and exposure buildup factors. Materials and Methods: The mass attenuation coefficients, effective atomic numbers, fast neutron removal cross-section and exposure buildup factors of ordinary and heavy concretes were investigated using NIST data of XCOM program and Geometric Progression method. Results and Discussion: The improvement in shielding effectiveness for photon and reduction in fast neutron for ordinary concrete was observed. The change in the neutron shielding effectiveness was insignificant. Conclusion: The present investigation on interaction of gamma and neutron radiation would be very useful for assessment of shielding efficiency of the concrete used in high temperature applications such as reactors.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1537-1542
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 기존 I형강 매입형 강합성 바닥판을 기본으로 새로운 형식의 초간편 강합성 바닥판 거더패널을 제시하여 가설중 거동에 대해 연구하였다. 범용해석프로그램인 ABAQUS를 사용하여 바닥판을 구성하는 인자에 대하여 영향을 평가하였다. 하부강판과 I형강의 용접량 변화, 1형강의 복부에 유공 유무, 유공의 위치변화에 대해 평가하였다. 또한 모델링의 합리적 검증을 위해 수계산, Shell요소, Solid요소 모델을 사용하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 하부강판과 I형강의 용접량 변화시 전체용접에 비해 부분용접시 지간 중앙부 단면에서 최대 휨 인장응력이 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 유공이 있는 경우 유공이 없는 경우보다 처짐량이 약간 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.1507-1516
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• 2020

본 연구는 도로 노면결빙 판정 알고리즘을 적용하여 도로결빙 구간에 대한 시나리오를 분석하였다. 도로결빙 알고리즘 적용을 위해서, 도로 결빙에 대한 영향인자를 검토하고, 분석을 위해서 목감IC, 정릉터널, 성산대교, 염창교 등 4지점의 관측자료를 활용하였다. 관측소는 모두 고속화도로에 설치되어 있으며, 도로 결빙 특성 분석을 위하여 분류하였다. 도로 결빙 판정 알고리즘의 노면온도-노점온도 차가 3℃ 이하일 때 도로결빙 발생 구간을 확인하고 결빙 구간의 노면상태와 수막두께 변화를 통해 도로 결빙 판정을 도출하였다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.399-408
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a solution that enables continuous indoor/outdoor positioning of smartphone users through the integration of Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) and GPS/WiFi signals. Considering that accurate step detection affects the accuracy of PDR, we propose a Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based technology to distinguish between walking and non-walking signals such as walking in place. Furthermore, in order to integrate PDR with GPS and WiFi signals, a technique is used to select a proper measurement by distinguishing between indoor/outdoor environments based on GPS Dilution of Precision (DOP) information. In addition, we propose a technology to adaptively change the measurement error covariance matrix by detecting measurement outliers that mainly occur in the indoor/outdoor transition section through a residual-based χ² test. It is verified through experiments on a testbed that these technologies significantly improve the performance of PDR and PDR/GPS/WiFi fingerprinting-based integrated pedestrian navigation.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.565-572
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 지자체 차원의 기후변화협약 대응을 위해 전라북도를 사례로 온실가스 인벤토리를 구축하고 그 결과에 따라 온실가스 저감전략 기본방향을 수립하였다. 전라북도 온실가스 배출원 분류체계는 대한민국 제3차 국가보고서의 배출원 분류 체계에 따랐으며, 제3차 국가보고서는'Revised IPCC 1996GL'을 기초로 작성되었다. 국가의 경우 에너지 공급 측면의 1차에너지를 기준으로 온실가스 배출량 산정이 가능하지만, 지역의 경우 전환부문에 대한 통제가 불가능하므로 에너지 소비 측면의 2차 에너지를 기준으로 배출량을 산정하였다(지역 전력사용은 에너지 산업부문으로 포함). 전라북도 온실가스 인벤토리 구축결과 2006년 총배출량 중 에너지 연소에 의한 이산화탄소($CO_2$)가 87.1%로 가장 많았으며, 메탄($CH_4$) 8.1%, 기타 부문 이산화탄소 ($CO_2$) 2.2%, 아산화질소($N_2O$) 1.6%, F-가스(HFCs, PFCs, $SF_6$)는 1.0%를 차지하였다. 2006년 총배출량은 에너지(88.0%), 농업(7.6%), 폐기물(2.3%), 산업공정(2.1%) 부문 순으로 배출비중이 높았으며, 에너지 부문은 전력을 포함한 에너지산업, 제조업 및 건설업, 수송, 광업/농림어업/가정상업/공공기타 순으로 발생량이 많았다. 2006년 총배출량 중 산업공정 부문은 F-가스 (HFCs, PFCs, $SF_6$)소비, 농업 부문은 벼논경작, 폐기물 부문은 소각에 의한 온실가스 배출비중이 높은 특성을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 전라북도 각 부문별 특성을 분석하여 부문별 온실가스 저감을 위한 기본방향을 수립하였다.