• ETRI Journal
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.446-458
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• 2020

In this study, an efficient scheme for hiding data directly in partially encrypted versions of high efficiency video coding (HEVC) videos is proposed. The content owner uses stream cipher to selectively encrypt some HEVC-CABAC bin strings in a format-compliant manner. Then, the data hider embeds the secret message into the encrypted HEVC videos using the specific coefficient modification technique. Consequently, it can be used in third-party computing environments (more generally, cloud computing). For security and privacy purposes, service providers cannot access the visual content of the host video. As the coefficient is only slightly modified, the quality of the decrypted video is satisfactory. The encrypted and marked bitstreams meet the requirements of format compatibility, and have the same bit rate. At the receiving end, data extraction can be performed in the encrypted domain or decrypted domain that can be adapted to different application scenarios. Several standard video sequences with different resolutions and contents have been used for experimental evaluation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1332-1341
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• 2015

This paper proposes a novel reversible secret sharing scheme using AES algorithm in encrypted images. In the proposed scheme, a role of the dealer is divided into an image provider and a data hider. The image provider encrypts the cover image with a shared secret key and sends it to the dealer. The dealer embeds the secret data into the encrypted image and transmits encrypted shadow images to the corresponding participants. We utilize Galois polynomial arithmetic operation over 2⁸ and the coefficient of the higher-order term is fixed to one in order to prevent the overflow. In experimental results, we demonstrate that the PSNR is sustained close to 44dB and the embedding capacity is 524,288 bits.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5878-5884
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• 2011

We present steganographic service model and algorism that fit feature of streaming audio book service in order to hide information of copyright and certificate of it. Secret information is encrypted with random numger by secret key that client and server share, so that increase confidentiality. We made secret data distributed randomly and evenly, and improved throughput by simplifying additional computations considering streaming environment.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.132-148
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• 2013

Via the Internet, the information infrastructure of modern health care has already established medical information systems to share electronic health records among patients and health care providers. Data hiding plays an important role to protect medical images. Because modern medical devices have improved, high resolutions of medical images are provided to detect early diseases. The high quality medical images are used to recognize complicated anatomical structures such as soft tissues, muscles, and internal organs to support diagnosis of diseases. For instance, 16-bit depth medical images will provide 65,536 discrete levels to show more details of anatomical structures. In general, the feature of low utilization rate of intensity in 16-bit depth will be utilized to handle overflow/underflow problem. Nowadays, most of data hiding algorithms are still experimenting on 8-bit depth medical images. We proposed a novel reversible data hiding scheme testing on 16-bit depth CT and MRI medical image. And the peak point and zero point of a histogram are applied to embed secret message k bits without salt-and-pepper.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.2027-2041
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a novel reversible data hiding scheme in the index tables of the vector quantization (VQ) compressed images based on index set construction strategy. On the sender side, three index sets are constructed, in which the first set and the second set include the indices with greater and less occurrence numbers in the given VQ index table, respectively. The index values in the index table belonging to the second set are added with prefixes from the third set to eliminate the collision with the two derived mapping sets of the first set, and this operation of adding prefixes has data hiding capability additionally. The main data embedding procedure can be achieved easily by mapping the index values in the first set to the corresponding values in the two derived mapping sets. The same three index sets reconstructed on the receiver side ensure the correctness of secret data extraction and the lossless recovery of index table. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.366-381
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• 2020

Steganography has been successfully employed in various applications, e.g., copyright control of materials, smart identity cards, video error correction during transmission, etc. Deep learning-based steganography models can hide information adaptively through network learning, and they draw much more attention. However, the capacity, security, and robustness of the existing deep learning-based steganography models are still not fully satisfactory. In this paper, three models for different cases, i.e., a basic model, a secure model, a secure and robust model, have been proposed for different cases. In the basic model, the functions of high-capacity secret information hiding and extraction have been realized through an encoding network and a decoding network respectively. The high-capacity steganography is implemented by hiding a secret image into a carrier image having the same resolution with the help of concat operations, InceptionBlock and convolutional layers. Moreover, the secret image is hidden into the channel B of carrier image only to resolve the problem of color distortion. In the secure model, to enhance the security of the basic model, a steganalysis network has been added into the basic model to form an adversarial network. In the secure and robust model, an attack network has been inserted into the secure model to improve its robustness further. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed secure model and the secure and robust model have an overall better performance than some existing high-capacity deep learning-based steganography models. The secure model performs best in invisibility and security. The secure and robust model is the most robust against some attacks.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1078-1099
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• 2021

Traditional image steganography hides secret information by embedding, which inevitably leaves modification traces and is easy to be detected by steganography analysis tools. Since coverless steganography can effectively resist steganalysis, it has become a hotspot in information hiding research recently. Most coverless image steganography (CIS) methods are based on mapping rules, which not only exposes the vulnerability to geometric attacks, but also are less secure due to the revelation of mapping rules. To address the above issues, we introduced camouflage images for steganography instead of directly sending stego-image, which further improves the security performance and information hiding ability of steganography scheme. In particular, based on the different sub-features of stego-image and potential camouflage images, we try to find a larger similarity between them so as to achieve the reversible steganography. Specifically, based on the existing CIS mapping algorithm, we first can establish the correlation between stego-image and secret information and then transmit the camouflage images, which are obtained by reversible sub-feature retrieval algorithm. The received camouflage image can be used to reverse retrieve the stego-image in a public image database. Finally, we can use the same mapping rules to restore secret information. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the better robustness and security of the proposed approach in comparison to state-of-art CIS methods, especially in the robustness of geometric attacks.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.382-403
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• 2020

Steganography is the art of concealing the existence of a secret data in a non-secret digital carrier called cover media. While the image of steganography methods is extensively researched, studies on other cover files remain limited. Videos are promising research items for steganography primitives. This study presents an improved approach to video steganography. The improvement is achieved by allowing senders and receivers exchanging secret data without embedding the hidden data in the cover file as in traditional steganography methods. The method is based mainly on searching for exact matches between the secret text and the video frames RGB channel pixel values. Accordingly, a random key-dependent data is generated, and Elliptic Curve Public Key Cryptography is used. The proposed method has an unlimited embedding capacity. The results show that the improved method is secure against traditional steganography attacks since the cover file has no embedded data. Compared to other existing Steganography video systems, the proposed system shows that the method proposed is unlimited in its embedding capacity, system invisibility, and robustness. The system achieves high precision for data recovery in the receiver. The performance of the proposed method is found to be acceptable across different sizes of video files.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

The information is to be considered as important part of any network, the communication nodes within network can able to communicate and transmit information by the means of configured LAN/WAN, or/and using internet technology. Thus, vast enhancement has been made in- exchanging of information over transmission media, this should be beneficial in various disciplines of modern client/server applications but at other side, several massive vulnerabilities have been directly/in-directly associated with them. To resolve the security issues, a security mechanism is proposed which hide the sensitive information of images before transmitting to networks. Random size image samples have used and encrypted to protect them from unauthorized entities. The encryption mechanism manipulates the sample images, and corresponding secret codes are generated which help to protect the images from adversaries. To provide an indestructible security mechanism, cryptography algorithms are deployed and considered as best solutions to keep the secret information of images.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.379-388
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• 2005

Image steganography Is a secret communication scheme to transmit a secret message, which is embedded into an image. The original image and the embedded image are called the cover image and the stego image, respectively. In other words, a sender embeds a secret message into a cover image and transmits a stego image to a receiver, while the receiver takes the stego image, extracts the message from it, and reads the message. General requirements for steganography are great capacity of secret messages, imperceptibility of stego images, and confidentiality between a sender and a receiver. In this paper, we propose a method for being satisfied with three requirements. In order to hide a secret message into a cover image safely, we use a difference value of two consecutive pixels and a secret quantization range. The former is used for the imperceptibility and the latter for the confidentiality. Furthermore, the number of insertion bits is changed according to the difference value for the imperceptibility. Through experiments, we have shown that our method is more good quality of stego images than many other related methods and increases the amount o( message insertion by performing dual insertion processing for some pixels.