• The Mathematical Education
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.415-427
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• 2012

This study investigated the perception and utilization about computer of beginning secondary mathematics teachers by utilization frequency of computer. To increase utilization frequency of computer in school mathematics, our finding shows that beginning secondary mathematics teachers should have an interest in computer utilization and perceive computers as an important tool for mathematics learning. In addition, they are likely to use more frequently computer under the condition that computers have sufficient class materials and supplement their shortcomings that have derived less usage in math classes. Therefore, future studies have to investigate not only how to develope textbooks and run after-school classes but also how to make creative discretional activities by computer, which makes computers more useful for teacher training. In sum, the results of case studies for computer usability should be released to motivate computer utilization and increase mathematical thinking ability.

• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1-18
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• 2016

The purposes of this study is to verify additional demand of students for secondary vocational education, and draw political implications. To meet the purposes, firstly we analyzed current policies on the secondary vocational education. Second, we divided additional demand of students for secondary vocational education into practical and potential demand. Practical demand by students who would like to take further vocational education in secondary education system includes students who hoped to enter vocational high school however they failed to go, the first or second year students who transferred from general high school to vocational high school, and the third year students who are in general high school would like to take commissioned vocational courses. Potential demand is an additional demand for secondary vocational education in a society perspective. This includes a student who downgraded employment even though they entered college or university after graduated general high-school. Comparing the result of this study with the entrance quota of vocational high-school, additional demand of students for secondary vocational education showed that accounted for 61.2 percent of the entrance quota year 2015. Specifically, potential demand accounts for 31.7 percent of the entrance quota for vocational high school and practical demand accounts for 29.5 percent.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of anxiety factors for learning mathematics and look into the reason of anxiety of mathematics and show the method of eliminating negative and anxious factors in elementary school, secondary school and high school. To have learner take an interest in learning mathematics, develop the positive attitude about learning mathematics and maximize the effect of learning of mathematics, three kinds of hypotheses are established as follows: 1. There would be difference in anxiety factor of learning mathematics according to elementary school, secondary school and high school. 2. There would be difference in anxiety factor of learning mathematics according to sex. 3. There be difference in anxiety factor of learning mathematics according to the level of achievement. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Hypotheses I was testified. The anxiety factor between mathematics learning and mathematics teacher was significant difference according to elementary school, secondary school and high school. 2. Hypotheses II was testified. The result of hypotheses II was significant difference only in high school. The anxiety factor of mathematics teacher was significant difference according to boy student and girl student. 3. Hypotheses III was testified. The anxiety factor of mathematics, teacher and test was significant difference only in elementary school and high school.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.1549-1558
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• 2011

In this paper, we address the problem of bandwidth sharing among multiple primary users and multiple secondary users in a cognitive radio network. In cognitive radio networks, effective spectrum assignment for primary and secondary users is a challenge due to the available broad range of radio frequency spectrum as well as the requisition of harmonious coexistence of both users. To handle this problem, firstly, Bertrand game model is used to analyze a spectrum pricing in which multiple primary users emulate with each other to acquire maximal profit. After that, we employ Cournot game to model the spectrum sharing of secondary users to obtain optimal profit for each user also. Simulation results show that our scheme obtains optimal solution at Nash equilibrium.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.79-82
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• 2007

The 58 rRNA gene from Sphingobium chungbukense DJ77 was identified. The secondary structure of the 199-base-long RNA was proposed. The two-base-long D loop was the shortest among all of the known 5S rRNAs. The U19-U64 non-canonical pair in the helix II region was uniquely found in strain DJ77 among all of the sphingomonads.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.136-140
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify a role for endodontic intervention in enhancing the regenerative potential of the periodontal ligament when combined with periodontal treatment in seriously involved teeth with a secondary endodontic component. Methods: Patients who exhibited radiolucency extending to the periapical region, abnormal electric pulp testing values, and deep probing depth derived from primary periodontal disease with secondary endodontic involvement were included. Intentional root canal treatment was applied to those teeth in which the apical lesions were presumed to communicate with those of the periodontal lesion of the teeth that remained vital. In all three selected cases, regenerative periodontal therapy incorporating either bone graft or guided tissue regeneration was instituted 3 months after the endodontic intervention. Results: Remarkable enhancement in radiographic density was noticeable around the affected teeth as evidenced by changes in radiopacity. There was a significant reduction in the probing pocket depth and gain in the clinical attachment level. Chewing discomfort gradually disappeared from the commencement of the combined treatment. Conclusions: An intentional endodontic intervention may be a worthwhile approach for the sophisticated management of teeth suffering from serious attachment loss and alveolar bone destruction with concomitant secondary endodontic involvement.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.561-568
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• 2002

This study examined secondary school science teachers' thinking on physical and chemical change. For this research, we analysed the answers of 80 secondary school science teachers. According to the result of the analysis,teachers had various opinions when they classified phenomena of dissolving ionic compound or diluting acid into phys-ical change and chemical change. Many teachers tended to classify similar phenomena into different change when those were represented with different focus. It means that teachers' opinions were not consistent.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.45-62
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the status of environment-related teaching in elementary and secondary schools. A questionnaire survey was conducted for the study. Items in the questionnaire were developed based on the theory of environmental education and integrated education. The questionnaire was responded to 501 elementary school teachers, 273 middle school teachers, and 210 high school teachers in the city of Seoul and Kyunggi Province. The survey analysis revealed that elementary and secondary school teachers recognized 'environmental action skills' as the most important objective for school environmental education. Contrary to the teachers' expectations, it was found that there is insufficient teaching and learning materials for teaching in the domain of 'environmental action skills' and they could not confidently teach the skills in environment-related classes. For professional development of teachers in integrated environmental education, pre- and in-service programs will be developed systematically in a workshop to give teachers an opportunity to analyze teaching materials, design instruction plan, perform class trial, and evaluate the class situation for feedback. The results of this study can serve as a basic reference for improvement of environment-related subject education.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.157-196
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• 2015

The purpose of this article is to discuss some of the most commonly repeated misconceptions on the history of mathematics described in the secondary school mathematics textbooks, and recommend that we should include mathematical transculture in the secondary school mathematics. School mathematical history described in the texts reflects the axial age, and deals with mathematical transculture from the ancient Greek into Europe excluding the ancient Egypt, Old Babylonia, and Islamic mathematics. We discuss about them through out the secondary school textbooks and give some alternatives for the historical problems.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.31-45
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• 1997

The theoretical rationale and basic materials for the improvement of the recognition on home economics teachers are suggested in this study through the close examination of the teacher’s recognition and its related variables. For this study, review of literature and questionnaire survey were performed. As the results, the following may be suggested. 1. There teachers more experienced and non-majored the home economics or those who finished professional course should be reeducated adequately for new direction of home economics education in secondary school and new curriculum. 2. The development of qualification for home economics teacher and the educational system and program for training preliminary should be try to find a solution to improve the new and positive recognition of home economics education in secondary school. 3. The institutional and environmental conditions, such as pay and welfare facilities, should be improved to satisfy home economics teacher with new view of home economics education in secondary school with their duties. 4. The systematic and concrete teaching programs for contents of improving new recognition of home economics education in secondary school, and for promoting positive self-recognition as home economics teacher, and for training the abilities of developing teaching materials and guiding practical techniques should be developed.