• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.359-364
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• 2005

Centrifugal pump shows the strongest secondary flow. Wake is formed near pressure surface close to hub at impeller exit for centrifugal pump impeller. Pressure gradient drives secondary flow in the inducer region, while in the remaining region the following sources drive together: > Pressure gradient > Coriolis force Low-momentum fluid near suction surface hub moves toward pressure surface hub in mixed-flow pump impeller. Tip leakage vortex dominate secondary flow in axial-flow pump impeller. Tip leakage vortex dominate secondary flow in axial-flow in axial-flow pump impeller

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.905-914
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• 2019

In this study, The PMF model was used to identify pollutant sources and their contribution to pollution sources of $PM_{2.5}$. The contribution of A city to each source was 19.8% for Secondary Sulfate, followed by Mobile 19.5%, Industry 16.0%, Biomass Buring 14.1%, Secondary Nitrate 14.1%, Oil Combustion 11.6%, Aged Sea Salt 2.6%, Soil 2.5% and so on. Sulfate and Ammonium concentrations were the highest contributing sources in the source profile, which was analyzed to be Secondary Aerosols produced by Photochemical Reactions of gaseous precursors (SOx and ammonia gas) in the atmosphere.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.866-875
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• 2019

In this study, The Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) model was used to identify pollutant sources and their contributions to $PM_{2.5}$. The contribution rankings by emission source in A city were ash dust (30.1%) > biomass burning (21.9%) > secondary pollutants (21.1%) > mobile source (19.3%) > area sources (7.6%), and The emission sources increased from the contribution of the CMB model and the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS) emissions were biomass burning and secondary pollutants, and The emission sources reduced were mobile source, ash dust, and area sources.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.199-208
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• 2022

Objectives: In recent decades, the trend for treating diabetes mellitus (DM) has shifted toward alternative medicines that are obtained from plant sources. Existing literature suggests that phenolic compounds derived from plants possess promising health-promoting properties. This study aimed to discuss the role of plant-derived phenolic compounds in the effective treatment and management of diabetes. Methods: Information about plant secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds, and their role in the treatment and management of diabetes was collected from different databases, such as Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Keywords like secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds, simple phenol, flavonoids, lignans, stilbenes, and diabetes were searched. Research and review articles with relevant information were included in the study. Results: Anti-diabetic studies of the four major classes of phenolic compounds were included in this review. The plant-derived phenolic compounds were reported to have potent anti-diabetic activities. However, each class of phenolic compounds was found to behave differently according to various mechanisms. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that phenolic compounds derived from natural sources display promising anti-diabetic activities. Based on the available information, it can be concluded that phenolic compounds obtained from various natural sources play key roles in the treatment and management of diabetes.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.75-89
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to identify $PM_{2.5}$ sources and to estimate their contributions to the border of Yongin-Suwon area, based on the analysis of the $PM_{2.5}$ mass concentration and the associated inorganic elements, ions and carbon components. The contribution of $PM_{2.5}$ sources were estimated by using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to identify air emission sources. For this study, $PM_{2.5}$ samples were collected from May, 2007 to April, 2008. The inorganic elements were analyzed by an ICP-AES. The ionic components in $PM_{2.5}$ were analyzed by an Ie. The carbon components were also analyzed by DRI/OGC analyzer. After performing PMF modeling, a total of 12 sources were identified and their contributions were quantitatively estimated. The contributions from each emission source were as follows: 11.3% from oil combustion source, 3.4% from bus/highway source, 5.8% from diesel vehicle source, 4.7% from gasoline vehicle source, 8.8% from biomass burning source, 15.1 % from secondary sulfate, 5.2% from secondary nitrate source, 13.4% from industrial related source, 4.1% from Cl-rich source, 19.6% from soil related source, 1.0% from aged sea salt, and 7.4% from coal combustion source, respectively. This study provides basic information on the major sources affecting air quality, and then it will help to effectively control $PM_{2.5}$ in this study area.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-48
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• 1990

Marine organisms have proven to be rich sources of interesting organic molecules. A great number of compounds with diverse structural features and interesting biological activities have been isolated. Recent studies on secondary metabolites of marine organisms are discussed with a focus on a variety of biological activities and marine natural product literatures are also reviewed.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.179-190
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• 1992

This study was carried out to characterize sources of atmospheric total suspended particulates (TSP) in urban and sub--urban areas of metropolitan taegu. The sources were tentatively identified by a multivariate technique, i.e. principal component analysis (PCA), and the source contributions to the atmospheric concentrations of TSP were further estimated by stepwise multiple regression analysis. A total of 5 sources was identified in the urban area of Taegu (soil dust resuspension, fuel combustion, secondary aerosol, traffic related aerosol, and refuge burning), while 4 sources were found to be significant in the sub--urban area as following: fuel combustion/secondary aerosol, soil dust resuspension, traffic related aerosol, and wood/agricultural burning. The largest contributor to the atmospheric TSP appeared to be the soil dust resuspension in both areas. The source apportionment of the extractable organic matter (EOM) was also carried out for the Taegu data. The EOM was determined with respect to the solvent polarity, i.e. cyclohexane (non-polar), dichloromethane (semi--polar), and acetone (polar). In addition, the source profiles for the TSP in Taegu area were estimated using a PCA-based algorithm, and the validity was evaluated tentatively by comparing the data in the literature.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.651-656
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• 2003

Durability of concrete is possibly related to externally-induced chemical attacks in addition to internally-induced deterioration. Externally-induced chemical attacks can be derived from various sources according to environmental conditions under which concrete structures are existing. The present study investigates the characteristic concrete deterioration and formation of secondary minerals by external chemical attacks under certain environmental condition. Petrographic microscope, SEM, EDAX, XRD analyses were conducted to identify secondary mineral formation and micro-structural analyses.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.3-8
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• 1998

• Resources Recycling
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.86-93
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• 1992