• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.147-174
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• 2007

This study examines how path dependency of working poor labor market segmented from the primary and the secondary labor market affects employment and quality of employment of working poor. It Further examines how path dependency makes working poor to remain in the labor market and makes it difficult for them to escape from a vicious poverty cycle. Data is based on the $3{\sim}7th$ Korea Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS). Markov's transition probability and discrete-time hazard analysis are used for analysis. This study finds that Korea labor market is divided into three parts; the primary labor market, the secondary labor market and the working poor labor market. The proportion of employed poor has been reduced, but the proportion of non economically-active working poor has been increased and has become the main group among the working poor. This shows that labor demand of working poor is fundamentally lacking and there are structural barriers that block working poor's employment itself. The regression analysis shows that the longer working poor labor market participation is, the lower poverty-exit rate. This is an evidence of vicious poverty cycle that the poor have little chance to exit from working poor labor market, once they step into it. Therefore, the longer their participation in poor labor market, the more likely they would move only within the closed working poor labor market. Consequently, it is necessary to fundamentally reform labor market structure and to alleviate negative perception and discrimination about the poor labor while activating labor demand.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Interest in the future of the battery market is growing as Tesla announces plans to increase production of electric vehicles and to produce batteries. Tesla announced an action plan to reduce battery prices by 56% through 'Battery Day', which included expansion of factories to internalize batteries and improvement of materials and production technology. In the trend of automobile electrification, the expansion of the battery market, which accounts for 40% of the cost of electric vehicles, is inevitable, and the size of the electric vehicle battery market in 2026 is expected to increase more than five times compared to 2016. With the development of materials and process technology, the energy density of electric vehicle batteries is increasing while the price is decreasing. Soon, electric vehicles and internal combustion locomotives are expected to compete on the same line. Recently, the mileage of electric vehicles is approaching that of an internal combustion locomotive due to the installation of high-capacity batteries. In the EV battery market, Korean, Chinese and Japanese companies are fiercely competing. Based on market share in the first half of 2020, LG Chem, CATL, and Panasonic are leading the EV battery supply, and the top 10 companies included 3 Korean companies, 5 Chinese companies, and 2 Japanese companies. All-solid, lithium-sulfur, sodium-ion, and lithium air batteries are being discussed as the next-generation batteries after lithium-ion, among which all-solid-state batteries are the most active. All-solid-state batteries can dramatically improve stability and charging speed by using a solid electrolyte, and are excellent in terms of technology readiness level (TRL) among various technology alternatives. In order to increase the competitiveness of the battery industry in the future, efforts to increase the productivity and economy of electric vehicle batteries are also required along with the development of next-generation battery technology.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.151-159
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• 2020

The secondary health status of the disabled is more vulnerable due to the aging of the disabled, the nature of primary disabilities, and social and environmental disability suppression and stress. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the experiences of secondary disabilities of the disabled and how they responded when secondary disorders occurred. A total of 13 people with severe disabilities with secondary disabilities were interviewed in a focus group and analyzed by applying phenomenological research methods. As a result of the analysis, people with disabilities were experiencing secondary disorders due to variations in the experiences of aging and primary disorders, management problems and life accidents in the primary disorder, misunderstanding of the labor market for disorders and health, misunderstanding of risks of secondary disorders and lack of prevention. In response, people with disabilities live alternatively between body and work, body and academic, try to prevent worsening of secondary disabilities at the individual level, continue to enter the hospital, or choose a life that puts health first. While experiencing secondary disabilities, people with disabilities experienced the threat of life, recognized life as having to endure and fought to the end, acknowledged the difference between the disabled and non-disabled people, and standed aloof from their ongoing secondary disability. It also requested institutional support. Based on the results of this study, medical-level measures, institutional support measures in the labor market, and social welfare practices were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.1 s.139
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

This study was to suggest a feasible sizing system of infants and children's swim-suits. The basic body dimensions were selected after surveying the swimsuit manufacturers. The control dimensions and the secondary dimensions were taken from the 1997 National Anthropometric Survey data for the establishment of the sizing system. While in the current market swimsuit sizes were generally measured by the hip circumference for boys, and the bust and hip circumference for girls, the height was selected in this study as the control dimension because the height is well recognized by the customers and the KS standards specify the height to be the control dimension for infant's and children's wear. In the new sizing system of this study, the height was a control dimension, and hip was selected as a secondary dimension for boys. and bust and hip were selected as secondary dimensions for girls. Conclusively, in this study we suggest 12 sizes in case of 5cm height interval by the KS sizing system and 7 sizes in case of loom height interval by the current market sizing system, based on the height as a control dimension, for a standard swim-suit sizing system for infants and children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.212-223
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is 1) to identify Chinese environment for investment and apparel market, 2) to analyze the current situations of Korean fashion brands＇entry to Chinese market, 3) to analyze the marketing strategies to China according to product category, and 4) to identify merits and problems of Chinese market. For data collection, secondary resources were collected, and the telephone interview with merchandisers were implemented with brand managers. Twenty-one fashion brands were included for the study. Results of the study were as followed： 1) China was a big potential apparel market due to its rapid economic growth. Apparel purchase behavior and clothing preference of Chinese consumers were various by regional groups. 2) The motives of entry to China were to competition in domestic markets, saving raw material cost. The entry modes to China were direct export, license and regional manufacturing system. 3) Marketing strategies were to pursue high quality branding, high pricing and placing strategies with high-class department stores. Also star marketing were used with ＂Han Rue＂. Also various promotion strategies were implemented such as fashion show and unique VMD. 4) The merits of Chinese market were high potential market for export, close proximity, cultural similarity and Han-Ryu syndrome. Problems of Chinese market for export were lack of experts on Chinese market, fierce competition in China, and unstable economic policies.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.191-215
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• 2009

This study extends the previous research into the effects of knowledge spillovers on innovation and regional exports growth by more clearly distinguishing, both theoretically and empirically, two different types of knowledge spillovers, namely product and market knowledge spillovers. More importantly, this research provides insights on their role of knowledge spillovers in shaping regional innovative activities and, eventually, regional export growths. Furthermore, this research makes an important contribution to the understudied market knowledge spillovers by developing two variables that could be used to assess the flow of market knowledge spillovers at the regional level: localization economies and export consulting advice. Using secondary data on eight 2-digit manufacturing industries in ten New Zealand regions over a seven year period, this research found that regional competition, localization economies and the availability of export consulting advice have positively and significantly impact on the regional export growth in New Zealand.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.3-24
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• 2009

This study extends the previous research into the effects of knowledge spillovers on innovation and regional exports growth by more clearly distinguishing, both theoretically and empirically, two different types of knowledge spillovers, namely product and market knowledge spillovers. More importantly, this research provides insights on their role of knowledge spillovers in shaping regional innovative activities and, eventually, regional export growths. Furthermore, this research makes an important contribution to the understudied market knowledge spillovers by developing two variables that could be used to assess the flow of market knowledge spillovers at the regional level: localization economies and export consulting advice. Using secondary data on eight 2-digit manufacturing industries in ten New Zealand regions over a seven year period, this research found that regional competition, localization economies and the availability of export consulting advice have positively and significantly impact on the regional export growth in New Zealand.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.283-307
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• 2005

The research was carried out at the electronic Gw-mart located at Gangwon province. The secondary data and the various other reference materials were used for the research. This research brings forth the concrete activation plan for the activation of an electronic market in the Gangwon province. So, the activation plan for an e-market at Gang won can be done in six ways, first result of the undertaken research achieved in six ways- first, concentration has to be laid on the internet portal sites, second, the local sites should be well connected with the shopping mall facilities, third, a trustworthy shopping mall has to be established by maintains the product quality and quantity, fourth, a visible distinction should be made between the various products, fifth, the division of labor must be specified and a provisions should be made for a efficient after service.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.71-71
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• 2009

Recently several LCD TV makers including Samsung, LG and Sony actively have released LED LCD TV models on market. LED LCD TV is just which applied LED BLUs so that its color contrast ratio fairly enhance up to 1 million:1 and its thickness minimize to a few mm. Even this aspect seems somewhat to be each panel maker's strategies for prior market occupations on whole TV market. Without regard to the reasons, we do obviously meet a new era of technically advanced LCD TV. However we have still lots of problems or issues which we must overcome technically including LED chip/packaging process, secondary optics treatment, heat managements and cost reduction issues. Here I would like to forecast market volume and trend of LED LCD TV first and then discuss above almost of technical issues and suggest their possible solutions. Even these solutions looks better technologies and if they may increase production cost significantly, we will not prefer to choice that technology since lower cost policy can open the market. Finally I'm trying to suggest how well LED, as future light source, can apply to future LCD TV technologies.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.40-56
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• 1995

During the past two decades, China has seen her great progress in plant biotechnology. Since the Chinese market of herb medicine is huge, while the plant resources are shrinking, particular emphasis has been placed in plant tissue and cell cultures of medicinal plants, this includes fast propagation, protoplast isolation and regeneration, cell suspension cultures and large scale fermentation. To optimize culture conditions for producing secondary compounds in vitro, various media, additives and elicitors have been tested. Successful examples of large scale culture for the secondary metabolite biosynthesis are quite limited : Lithospermum ery throrhizon and Arnebia euchroma for shikonin derivatives, Panax ginseng, P. notoginseng, P. quinquefolium for saponins, and a few other medicinal plants. Recent development of genetic transformation systems of plant cells offered a new approach to in vitro production of secondary compounds. Hairy root induction and cultures, by using Ri-plasmid, have been reported from a number of medicinal plant species, such as Artemisia annua that produces little artemisinin in normal cultured cells, and from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. In the coming five years, Chinese scientists will continue their work on large scale cell cultures of a few of selected plant species, including Taxus spp. and A. annua, for the production of secondary metabolites with medicinal interests, one or two groups of scientists will be engaged in molecular cloning of the key enzymes in plant secondary metabolism.