• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the current state of research on healthcare professionals who make medical errors, who are known as "second victims", and support systems for them. Methods: An extensive search was conducted in electronic databases, Google, and websites related to patient safety using search terms such as "second victims", "medical errors", "adverse events", and "sentinel events". Results: Research to date in Korea has rarely focused on healthcare professionals' experiences after making medical errors. Abroad, there are comprehensive and systematic reviews of the impact of medical errors on healthcare professionals, their coping responses, and support systems for these second victims. Additionally, several institutes related to patient safety provide official guidelines and accessible support systems to support second victims in the aftermath of medical errors, especially serious adverse events. Conclusion: The impact of medical errors on healthcare professionals is profound and complex. Although systematic support systems for second victims are imperative, this has been overlooked in Korea. Thus, more research about the experiences of healthcare professionals after medical errors needs to be conducted prior to developing support systems or programs. Additionally, further efforts are required to raise awareness of the necessity of supporting healthcare professionals in healthcare systems.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.364-376
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• 1994

This study was initiated to find the characteristic awareness of disease in Korean culture and then, with its applying to psychological nursing, to help cancer victims cope with their disease. Research period was from Dec. 1, 1989 to Aug.3, 1992. The research method, while the method of face-to-face interview with 33 cancer victims were mainly adopted, was to identify the causal perception through analyses of literature and traditional sayings deeply rooted in Korean culture. The causal perceptions were differentiated into 4 sections, which apply to 32 cancer victims with Q-sorting. Be-ing coded into grades from 1 to 9, the data were analyzed with the aid of Quanal program on PC ; in analyzing Q-factor principal component analysis method was used. The results were revealed as follows : 1. Subject victims owe their disease to 1) the omnipotent and animating powers in Shamanism rooted in Korean culture, 2) their intimate persons, i.e. their husband, wife, children, or other fellows ameng their groups. 3) victims themselves, and 4) nowhere, for they thought the disease is the struggle with their own self. 2. In Q-methodology analysis, cancer victims are categorized into 5 types. The first type, self-mastery type, consisting of 11 subjects, has the characteristic of overcoming their disease with their own strong will or by the help of the Omnipotent God, which is estimated to be the ideal type to cope with the disease. The second type, omnipotent & animating powers-dependent type, consisted of 7 subjects, who have the causal perception of traditional shamanism. The third type, intimate person-dependent type, consisted of 4, all of whom are women and whose causal perception has the characteristic of the their complains about each member of their family, espectially about their husband. The fourth type, fate-recipient type, was the com-plex form of the first and the second types. It consisted of 6 subjects, to whom cancer had meant bad fate coming on them but had to be overcome by their strong will. The fifth type, personal type, consisted of 4, whose causal perception is toward themselves personality It is hoped that the study provide the chance of developing nursing intervention to help cancer victims accept and overcome their disease as their own reality instead of attributing to anyone or any-thing else.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.179-189
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• 2003

Objectives: This study described the features of home-bound industrial accident victims and their needs for rehabilitation services. This study was also aimed to find a future direction of development of community rehabilitation programs that are suitable for their needs demands. Methods: This study is a descriptive study, were collected through two phases using structured questionnaire. In the first stage, su were performed via telephone interviews. In the se stage, surveys were performed via home visit Subjects in the first stage included 2203 indu injured victims staying at home, of whom. individuals complaining of post-traumatic complic became the subjects of the second stage. Results: This study showed that the home-bound industrial accident patients were complaining of complications from the injury even after receiving treatment by IACI. However, they were neglecting their health problems without any intervention. Even if they use health care services. the treatment is mainly focused on acute medical care, which may not effective for them. Furthermore, they had unstable employment status and suffered from financial burden for health care costs. The Labor Welfare Organization has established a plan to remove barriers of industrial accident victims in reinstatement, and has been preparing various programs in order to establish an all-embracing service system for industrial accident victims from accident occurrence to reinstatement. However, these rehabilitation services can be truly helpful only when the injured are able to obtain enough information about them. The current restrictive system is also not appropriate for solving health problems of the industrial accident victims. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a plan that can provide industrial accident victims high-quality rehabilitation services so that they can use those services in the community without being dependent on hospitals. This study proposes visit nursing services as a way to provide various health services within community for the industrial accident victims.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.123-135
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• 2014

This study classifies types of fashion victims and identifies an internal value system that works for their fashion selection. This study reviewed the definition of 'fashion victim' by tracing similar terms such as fashion terrorist, fashion loser, and worst dresser. We classified fashion styles of fashion victims into four types based on an analysis of articles that pertained to Korean celebrities' fashion and image data. The first type is the fashion style of those who dress without any consideration of body shape. The second type is the style for those who have little consideration in regards to personal image. The third type is the style of those who choose a fashion with excessive decoration. The fourth type is the style for those who use too many fashion items at the same time. Based on a consistent analysis of fashion styles, this study identified the internal value system believed to be working in fashion victims' fashion selection. This study presents three internal value system characteristics. The first is the fetishism that is revealed when fashion victims wear expensive clothes or fashion items that are believed to reveal their personal identity and social status. The second is the blindness which becomes apparent when they follow a fashion in vogue indiscriminately without considering a personal image or body shape. The third is an excessiveness shown when individuals select clothes with too many beads or feathers that are decorative and rich in volume.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.45
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• pp.7-35
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• 2015

South Korea's socioeconomic status is high enough to support services for the protection of crime victims. Until now, the Ministry of Justice was the only institution to protect and support the victims, but recently the national police is included. This is considered preferable, since the police is the one to contact the victims first- they can provide immediate support after the incident. Several limits in current laws and crime protection system exist. Therefore, given the importance of protecting victims, model of public-private joint forms should be considered. In premise of establishing a new relationship between the public-private joint system of justice and the maintenance, the range of police's involvement with crime supports will be determined. In the case of developed countries, the police and private organizations maintain close cooperation, appearing as substantial care and support for crime victims. Therefore this study reviews the problems in crime victim protection, assistance from the police stage, and suggest the improvements as follows. The first is to redefine the role of the police who first contacted in the crime victims protection support, the second is to establish a permanent cooperation framework, such as victims specialized police, victims protection agency, the third is to develop services for victim protection available from the police stage, and the fourth, opening Victim Support Center functioning as a temporary accommodation or safety zone for the personal protection of victims. The fifth is to regularize solution conference for victims' protection, and the sixth is to divide of roles in state organization government in charge of victim's protection and local government responsible for victim's support.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6087-6091
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• 2012

Context: Patients diagnosed with a cancer have a life time risk of developing another de novo malignancy depending on various inherited, environmental and iatrogenic risk factors. Of late the detection of new primary has increased mainly due to refinement in both diagnostic and treatment modalities. Cancer victims are surviving longer and thus are more likely to develop a new metachronous malignancy. Aims: To report our observed trend of increase in prevalence of both synchronous and metachronous second malignant neoplasms among cancer victims and to review the relevant literature. Settings and Design: A hospital based retrospective collection of prospective data of patients diagnosed with second denovo malignancy. Materials and Method: The study was conducted over a 5 year period from July 2008 to June 2012. All patients diagnosed with a histologically proven second malignancy as per Warren Gate's criteria were included. Various details regarding sex, age at presentation, synchronous or metachronous, treatment and outcome were recorded. Conclusions: The occurrence of multiple primary malignancies is not rare. Awareness of the possibility alerts the clinician in evaluation of patients with a known malignancy presenting with unusual sites of metastasis. Individualizing the treatment according to the stages of the primaries will result in durable cancer control particularly in synchronous double malignancy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.2511-2519
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• 2015

This research was executed to develop a consultation program for female victims of domestic violence in the past and appraise its effectiveness. For the research, we selected 30 persons for an experimental group and a control group respectively, and practiced frequency analysis, reliability analysis, homogeneity check and T-test of independent sample by using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The result of analysis is as follows. First, it was probed that the consultation program had the effect to improve the self-esteem of female victims of domestic violence, and reduce depression levels and anxiety. Second, it appeared that consultation program improved the psychological and social adaptation of female victims of domestic violence positively and cast an affirmative effect on the satisfaction of communication of subdivision and conflict-coping method. Therefore, it app[eared that this program had a close relation with the attitude etc. to solve the issues of interpersonal relations and communication of female victims of domestic violence. That is, it was verified that the program had the effect in that they escaped from the sequela of abuse and adapted themselves to mental society.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.43
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• pp.42-75
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• 2000

Violence against women includes sexual violence, domestic violence, trafficking, etc. It is a serious problem that violates women's rights and basic freedom. In Korea, with the enactment of the laws on sexual violence and domestic violence in the 1990s, counseling centers and protective facilities for the victims began to be established and have been rapidly increasing in number recently. The purpose of this research was to investigate the current status of the counseling services with a focus on their linkage function. 78 out of 109 counselors working in the counseling centers for sexual and domestic violence throughout Korea responded to a mail survey. The questions included the general characteristics of the centers and the counselors, the structural, relationship and process dimensions of linkage function, and the subjective and objective aspects of the degree of linkage. The findings of the analysis highlighted the following problems. First, the counseling centers played limited role in serving the victims of violence due to lack of resources in the service network. Second, the linkage of services existed on a relatively small scale which was mostly based upon informal and unstructured relationship. Third, according to the multivariate analysis, the existence of potential partner agencies, the effort of the line staff to initiate the linkage relationship and mutual cooperation between agencies determined the degree of linkage among services. These findings suggest implications for establishing a more effective system to protect the victims of violence.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.38
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• pp.89-113
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• 2015

This paper explores the work of mourning of 9/11 in the United States, focusing on the project of building the National September 11 Memorial managed by the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation(LMDC) and the War on Terror declared by the George W. Bush administration in the wake of 9/11. This paper first looks at the project of building the Natioanl September 11 Memorial and considers what was at stake in achieving this project. It also examines the limitations of the project. This paper argues that, in spite of the efforts to mourn the victims in significant and meaningful ways, the work of mourning in the memorial project fails at least in two respects. First, the memorial project "began so soon" right after 9/11 that the victims' families were not given enough time to mourn their loved ones. Second, the project were permeated with American nationalism and patriotism, which made the 316 non-American victims of 9/11 invisible and forgotten. Then, it goes on to examine the War on Terror because the War on Terror epitomized the failure of mourning due to these causes. In his address to the nation delivered on the very day of 9/11, President George W. Bush stated that "America was targeted for the attack because we're the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world" and that the terrorists failed to threaten America into chaos. He also stated that America is in "the war against terrorism." These statements were a futile reassertion of the illusion of American invulnerability and a prohibition of mourning in favor of violent military responses to 9/11. American nationalism also underlies Bush's official naming of September 11 as "Patriot Day." The victims were sacrificed because they were at the site when terrorists attacked, which implies that their death had nothing to do with American patriotism. Naming September 11 as Patriot Day was an act of imbuing the absurdity of the victims' death with a false meaning and an act of forgetting the non-American victims. The failure of the work of mourning of 9/11 consisted in the inability to recognize human vulnerability and interdependence and the inability to mourn not only American victims but also non-American victims killed in 9/11 and the War on Terror. A meaningful and significant mourning could be possible when we realizes that all human beings are exposed to one another and their lives are interdependent on one another. September Eleventh Families for Peaceful Tomorrows well demonstrated this kind of mourning. When most Americans supported violent retaliations, Peaceful Tomorrows made pleas for nonviolent responses to 9/11. Turning their grief into action for peace, its members work "to create a safer and more peaceful world for everyone," not only for Americans. Their effort to mourn in meaningful and nonviolent ways delivers the message that a disaster like 9/11 should not happen anywhere.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify the type of attitude toward the sexual violence and to analyze the structure of subjectivity about the sexual violence. Q-methodological method was used. The Q concourse for this study was formed through literature review, open question and in-depth interview, 171 Q statements were obtained and finally 33 statements were selected. The subjects for Q classifications were 20 persons. The Quanl PC program was used for analysis. The results of the study were as follows : The first type, blaming offenders consisted of 10 subjects has the recognition that victims must not be blamed ; offenders are responsible for any circumstances ; and sexual violence is an infringement of human rights. the second type, blaming victims consisted of 3 subjects has the recognition that victims carelessness is causal factor of sexual violence. They recognized the sexual violence as an identical concept with sexual intercourse. The third type, blaming social moral consisted of 7 subjects has the recognition that the collapse of social ethics and moral gives rise to sexual violence. They recognized the sexual violence as both sexual intercourse and the infringement of human rights. In conclusion, the result leads to understand the type of attitude toward sexual violence in Korean sociocultural reality. Consequently, the results will be conductive to provide guidelines for nursing intervention and education program for preventing sexual violence.