• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2004

This study was prepared to investigate the correlation between Sasang constitutional groups and voice characteristics using voice analysis system(in this study, CSL). I focused on the voice characteristics in terms of harmonics, Formant frequency and Formant Bandwidth. The subjects were 71 males. I classified them into three groups, that is Soeumin group, Soyangin group and Taeumin group. The classification method of Constitution used two ways, QSCCII(Questionnarie for the Sasang Constitution Classification II) and Interview with a specialist in Sasang Constitution. So 71 people were categorized into 31 Soeumin(people), 18 Soyangin(people) and 22 Taeumin(people). Pitch is approximately similar to the fundamental frequency(F0) in voices. Shimmer in dB gives an evaluation of the period-to-period variability of the peak-to-peak amplitude within the analyzed voice sample. FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) method in CSL can display sampled voices into harmonics. H1 is the first peak and h2 is the second peak in the harmonics. The amplitude difference of h1 and h2(h1-h2) can be explained as the speaker's phonation type, And Formant frequency and bandwidth can be explained as the speaker's vocal tract. So I checked the harmonics and Formant frequency and Bandwidth as the voice parameters. First I have captured /e/ voices from all subjects using microphone. And then I analyzed /e/ voices with CSL. Power Spectrum and Formant History is the menu in the CSL which can display harmonics and Formant frequency and bandwidth. The results about the correlation between Sasang Constitutional Groups and voice parameters are as follows; 1. There is no significant amplitude difference of harmonics(h1-h2) among three groups. 2. There is the significant difference between Soeumin Group and Soyangin Group in Formant Frequency 1 and Formant Bandwidth 1(p<0.05). Any other parameters have no significance. I assume that Soyangin Group has clearer and brighter voice than Soeumin Group according to the Formant Bandwidth difference. And I think its result has coincidence with the context of "Dongyi Suse Bowon" and "Sasangimhejinam".

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2014

This study measured formant bandwidths of profound hearing impaired children and examined the characteristics of their articulation. For this study, 10 cochlear implanted children(CI), 10 hearing aid children(HA) and 10 normal hearing children(NH) were asked to read 7 Korean vowels(/ɑ, ʌ, o, u, ɯ, i, ɛ/). The subjects' readings were recorded by NasalView and analyzed by Praat. The analysis of the formant bandwidths explains the degree of vocal fold opening and the characteristics of radiation. Through the analysis of formant bandwidth, we can see that the hearing-impaired maintain vocal fold tension when they speak high vowels and characteristics of radiation. Narrower B1 means better maintain vocal fold tension, wider B2 means more front and wider B3 means the rounder lips. CI's B1 was widest and NH's was narrowest. And females' B1 was wider than males'. Among vowels, B1 of /a/ was widest, and B1 of /i/ was narrowest. In the case of B2, HA and NH's B2 was wider than CI's. Females' B2 was wider than males'. And B2 of /i/ was widest, and B2 of /ʌ/ was narrowest. In the case of B3, NH's was widest, and CI's was narrowest. Males' was wider than females'. Among vowels, B3 of /o/ was widest, and B3 of /ɛ/ was narrowest. As a result, first, through the analysis of B1, we can find that NH and males could better maintain vocal fold tension than the hearing-impaired or females, and all children articulate /i/ with vocal fold tension than other vowels. Second, through the analysis of B2, NH and HA articulate vowels with the weaker rounded than CI does. And females articulate vowels with the weaker rounded than males do. Third, through the analysis of B3, NH articulate vowels with the rounder than HA or CI do, and males articulate vowels with the rounder than females do. Through the results, we can expect that the analysis of formant bandwidth will be applied to the therapy of articulation for the hearing-impaired with hearing aids or cochlear implant.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권11B호
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• pp.1651-1658
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• 2010

최근 들어 삶의 지표가 향상됨에 따라 질병이 발생되지 전에 조기 진단하는 예방, 보건의 건강 패턴이 행해지고 있다. 이와 같은 예방, 보건 분야를 반영하는 대체의학으로 수지침 요법이 널리 사용되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문처리 기술을 이용하여 성장에 해당하는 상응점인 A16 혈자리를 자극하여 심장과 관련된 음성 요소의 변화를 측정하고 상호간의 비교, 분석을 통해 성장 가능의 향상을 측정하였다. 이를 위해 우선 심장 상응점인 A16 혈자리를 자극하기 전과 후의 음성을 수집하였으며 심장과 연관성이 있는 음성 신호 분석 요소인 제2포먼트 대역폭과 지터를 적용한 실험을 수행하였다. 결과적으로, A16 혈자리 자극에 의해 제2포먼트 대역폭과 지터가 낮아지는 결과를 추출했으며 이를 통해 IT 음성 신호 처리 기술을 이용하여 심장 기능이 향상되는 것을 입증할 수 있었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.5588-5593
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 심장에 해당하는 이(耳)혈 상응점을 자극하여 심장과 관련된 음성분석 요소의 변화를 측정하였다. 이를 위해 심장에 이상이 없는 피실험자 10명을 선정하고 심장에 해당하는 이혈 상응점을 자극하기 전과 후의 음성을 수집하였다. 실험은 음성분석 요소 중 심장과 관련된 Jitter와 2 Formant Frequency Bandwidths를 적용하여 심장 이혈 자극 전과 후의 변화를 측정, 분석하였다. 실험 결과 90%의 피실험자가 Jitter와 2 Formant Frequency Bandwidths 값이 감소하는 현상을 보였으며 이를 통해 이혈 자극에 따른 심장과 음성의 상관성을 분석할 수 있었다. 끝으로 실험에 의해 제안한 방법의 유용성을 입증하고자 한다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제67호
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• pp.33-60
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to show the differences in acoustic parameters between a pathological voice /a/ caused by vocal polyp and a normal voice /a/ produced after LMS (Laryngeal Microscopic Surgery). It was expected that voices of two kinds could be analyzed effectively in terms of HNR in specific frequency bands than in all frequency bands. For this study, 10 patients' voice were recorded before and after LMS and then were manipulated in terms of four acoustic parameter. It was found out that (a) frequency bands of 500Hz in the range of 1,000Hz to 4,000Hz were very useful to obtain HNR values; (b) frequency bands in the range of 1,248Hz to 5,500Hz on a log scale were very useful to obtain HNR values; (c) F0 dropped after LMS but not significantly; (d) the bandwidth of the second formant (B2) decreased significantly after LMS, while that of the first formant (B1) decreased after LMS but not significantly.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제55권
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

Sasang Constitution, one branch of oriental medicine, claims that people can be classified into four different 'constitutions:' Taeyang, Taeum, Soyang, and Soeum. This study investigates whether the classification of the constitutions could be accurately made solely based on people's voice by analyzing the data from 46 different voices whose constitutions were already determined. Seven source-related parameters and four filter-related parameters were phonetically analyzed and the GMM(Gaussian mixture model) was tried on the data. Both the results from phonetic analyses and GMM showed that all the parameters (except one) failed to distinguish the constitutions of the people successfully. And even the single exception, B2 (the bandwidth of the second formant) did not provide us with sufficient reasons to be the source of distinction. This result seems to suggest one of the two conclusions: either the Sasang Constitutions cannot be substantiated with phonetic characteristics of peoples' voices with reliable accuracy, or we need to find yet some other parameters which haven't been conventionally proposed.