• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.12
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• pp.2030-2036
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• 2016

This paper presents a hardware development procedure of the ASB(Active Seat Belt) control system to comply with ISO 26262. The ASIL(Automotive Safety Integrity Level) of an ASB system is determined through the HARA(Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment) and the safety mechanism is applied to meet the reqired ASIL. The hardware architecture of the controller consists of a microcontroller, H-bridge circuits, passive components, and current sensors which are used for the input comparison. The required ASIL for the control systems is shown to be satisfied with the safety mechanism by calculation of the SPFM(Single Point Fault Metric) and the LFM(Latent Fault Metric) for the design circuits.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1470-1477
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• 2016

This study has designed and evaluated the safety of watertight damper for Offshore Rigs. The watertight damper is an improved design for conventional DN 350 butterfly valve. Numerical analysis has been performed to investigate the safety factor and seat leakage of the designed 3-type disk dampers. The structure analysis results present the deformations, the equivalent stresses and the safety factor. It was confirmed that the designed disk, rib-disk and streamlined disk of watertight damper are safe enough in maximum operating pressure of 0.98MPa. The results show that the disk damper had the smallest maximum deformations and stress among 3-type disk dampers and the safety factor was 4.3. Therefore it is confirmed that the disk damper has the most excellent strength. Also linear static structural analysis was individually conducted for disk and body. The results show that the maximum disk deformation was larger than the body deformation, Therefore the disk damper is causes no seat leakage.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.32-38
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• 2014

The hydraulic fuse, which responds to the suddenly increased flow on rupture of a line and shuts off the fluid flow, would prevent large spillage of liquid. The quick-acting hydraulic fuse, which is mainly composed of a poppet, a seat, and a spring, must be designed to minimize the leaked flow and to prevent high collision speed between the poppet and seat during fuse operation on a line rupture. The optimal design parameters of a quick-acting hydraulic fuse were searched using the genetic algorithm and the complex method that are kinds of constrained direct search methods. The dynamic behavior of a quick-acting hydraulic fuse was researched using computer simulations that applied the obtained optimal design parameters.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1091-1097
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• 2011

This study aims to develop the plastic suspension assembly which is installed on inside of vehicle seat and supports passenger's back to provide the comfortable feeling. This design is the suspension structure to support the back equally and assemble seat back frame and plastic suspension effectively. The parts of suspension are designed by considering the property of body pressure distribution. As analysis values are approached to measured values by comparing the deformations in the cases of existed spring suspension and developed plastic suspension, the optimum design can be established.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.32-33
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• 1999

국제화 시대로 돌입하면서 국가간의 교류가 활발하게 이루어져 가고 있고 외국의 경우 자기들만의 고유상품, 즉 그 나라만의 상징적인 것을 개발, 발전시키고 있으며 이를 디자인에 접목시키고 있다. 우리 나라의 경우 곧 고속전철의 개통을 앞두고 있는데, 철도차량 시트 디자인에 관한 전반적인 자료뿐만 아니라 연구등이 미흡하다.(중략)

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.46-54
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• 2014

The hollow design of a railway axle is one of the most effective methods to reduce the weight of an axle. However, the conventional hollow axle has the limitation of a lightweight design because it has the same bore diameter along the axial position. The new type of railway axle, the tapered inner surface railway axle, has a different inner diameter between the journal bearing seat and wheel seat. This design method is one way to increase the weight reduction possibility. The purpose of the present study is to establish and evaluate the design of the tapered inner surface railway axle. The case study and Finite Element Method(FEM) are applied to evaluate the strength of the lightweight railway axle according to the European Norm(EN 13103). Finally, the best design case for reducing the weight of the axle is drawn from the results of the case study.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.34-47
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• 2024

This study aimed to enhance public awareness of the growing issue of automobile waste and promote environmental protection by developing visually appealing and innovative clothing designs. By leveraging successful examples of upcycled fashion design and products that could recycle automobile waste, this study proposed four garment designs utilizing various materials such as seat belts, leather seat fabrics, and airbags from automobile waste. Ultimately, two of these garments were produced as physical prototypes. Findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, the development of upcycled fashion products utilizing automotive waste opened new possibilities for sustainable fashion design. This approach demonstrates potential to meet demands of modem consumers who prioritize environmental values and social responsibility. Second, the study established an important foundation for understanding market acceptance and consumer perception of upcycled fashion products using automotive waste. As consumer awareness of environmental protection grows and demand for sustainable products increases, these upcycled products are likely to gain significant traction in the fashion industry.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.504-514
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• 2017

Discomfort as well as muscular pain and musculoskeletal diseases occur in cases of stressed posture due to prolonged pressure. Therefore, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) recommend that bags that weigh no more than 15 - 20% of the wearer's weight. However, despite the prolonged pressure from using baby carriers, there are no recommendations and limited studies on how to protect wearers. Therefore, this study investigates subjective fatigue according to the usage of waist support and hip seat. Based on this, muscle fatigue and secondary subjective fatigue according to three types of currently commercial baby carriers (X-type, H-type, and H-hip type) were measured. Subjective comfortability was evaluated on a 5 point Likert-scale and subjective fatigue was evaluated on Borg's CR-10 scale. Objective muscle fatigue was also compared by measuring and analyzing electromyogram (EMG). The results of primary subjective fatigue showed statistically significant changes in the shoulders, waist, calves, and soles of the feet according to the usage of hip seats and waist support. Electromyogram measurements also showed less muscle fatigue at the upper trapezius muscle and thoracic erector spine muscle for the H-hip seat baby carrier, which has both waist support and hip seat, compared to an X-type baby carrier, which has neither. However, results of subjective fatigue showed opposite results at the waist despite having same results at the shoulders and beneath the shoulders. This show discrepancies between objective muscle fatigue and subjective fatigue; therefore, that both aspects must be taken into consideration when developing ergonomic baby carriers.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.104-113
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• 2013

New USNCAP has been carried out by NHTSA including front and side crash from MY2011. In this paper, test results for USNCAP Side crash were reviewed by statistical analysis. This review focused on side crash test results to investigate the effect of changes from new USNCAP side crash test protocol among 30 passenger cars. These results were summarized as followings. Total number of 5 star vehicles on the front seat dummy (16 vehicles, 53.3%) was slightly smaller than the rear seat's (17 vehicles, 56.7%) in MDB test. For the ES-2re dummy, chest injury, ie maximum rib deflection contributed to 66% in the mean value of $P_{joint}$. Pelvis injury was highly dependent upon performance up to 87% in the SID-IIs dummy cited on the rear seat in average $P_{joint}$. For Pole test, pelvis injury made contribution to the average performance to 83%. For standard deviation, it showed the largest value in the same body region as the mean value for each dummy. Overall front seat performance showed 14 vehicles, 44.6% with 5 star vehicles less than each MDB or Pole test result. This result showed that performances in MDB test were different pattern to Pole test on driver position. Number of 5star vehicles for overall side NCAP performance are 18 passenger cars (60%). Curtain airbag and driver thorax airbag were equipped in all test vehicles. One vehicle is equipped with thorax airbag in the rear seat. Results from two side tests considered as reliability problem, ie the cause for large standard deviation in side crash test. Consequently, the countermeasure for new USNCAP side crash test is essential to design the effective side structures for side collision and to control well dummy kinematics with curtain and thorax airbag in order to reduce chest and pelvis injuries.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2013

Seat is the part relevant to comfortableness and safety among automotive parts directly. It also should have sufficient stiffness and strength to satisfy these conditions and ensure the safety of passenger. Automotive seat is modelled with 3D and is simulated with structural analyses about three kinds of experiments by before and after gap, side gap, before and after moment strength. As analysis result, deformation angles of $0.038^{\circ}$ and $0.04^{\circ}$ are respectively shown at before and after gap test, side gap test. Through before and after the moment strength test, maximum total deformations of 0.18946mm and 3.2482mm are respectively shown at front and rear loads. By the study result of no excessive deformation and no fracture at automotive seat frame, the sufficient rigidity and strength to guarantee the safety of passenger can be verified.