• Advances in environmental research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.159-171
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• 2017

A successful oil well drilling depends largely on a good mud Program. During drilling, mud provides sufficient hydrostatic pressure, removes drill cuttings and cools drill bits. Mud additives are always required to provide sufficient hydrostatic pressure to ensure borehole stability. Barium Sulphate ($BaSO_4$) also known as barite is the prevalent weighting material but there is needed to develop local materials to augment the use of Barite. The present search is concerned on the early Carboniferous succession exposed in Um Bogma Formation, west central Sinai, Egypt as a new weighting agent in drilling fluids. The increases in the cost of drilling fluids and a shortage of using barite have introduced the locale dolomite as alternative weighting materials. The rheological properties of mud drilling samples weighted by local dolomite samples are being examined and investigated to know its potential to be used as a weighting material in drilling mud. Two mud samples were prepared which comprised of fresh water, caustic soda, bentonite and the weighting material. The weighting materials are added to achieve the required density. The first sample: Water-based mud with commercial barite of density between 10.00 lb/gm and 18.00 lb/gm. The second sample: Water-based mud with dolomite of density between 10.00 lb/gm and 18.00 lb/gm. These samples were analyzed and the density, rheological properties, aging of barite and dolomite and solid contents were investigated. At 10.00 lb/gm, the yield point of dolomite was $20.00lb/100ft^2$ and barite $22.00lb/100ft^2$ while the 10 second gel strength of dolomite was $30.00lb/100ft^2$ and $22.00lb/100ft^2$ for barite. Similarly, little difference was observed in plastic and apparent viscosities. At 10.00 lb/gm, the plastic and apparent viscosities of dolomite were 8.00 cp and 20.00 cp while barite was 8.00 cp and 24.00 cp. The result show that dolomite mud sample gave a little higher yield point and gel strength than barite mud sample. Therefore, dolomite has the potential to be used as weighting material in drilling mud in place of barite thereby enhancing the local content initiative of the government. When dolomite is sourced locally and used it will reduce overall mud and drilling costs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.405-415
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study is to comprehensively summarize endotoxin levels reported in operations using metalworking fluids(MWFs). Methods: An extensive literature review was conducted of studies reporting endotoxin levels in processes using metalworking fluids. Keyword search terms included 'metalworking fluids', 'machining fluids', 'metalworking operation', 'machining operation' and 'endotoxin', which were used in combination. Results: A total of ten manuscripts were found to report on airborne endotoxin levels from metalworking operations in the automobile industry. Polycarbonate(PC), polyvinyl chloride(PVC) and mixed cellulose ester(MCE) were used to collect airborne endotoxin. Limulus Amebocyte Lysate was mainly used to quantify endotoxin amount. The levels of airborne endotoxin reviewed varied considerably, ranging from < $4EU/m^3$ to $790EU/m^3$, which was found to be far lower than those from cotton and potato processing plants, sawmills, and poultry farms. Several studies assumed that exposure to endotoxin could be a causative agent of respiratory diseases. Conclusions: Inhalation endotoxin exposure levels reported from metalworking operations were found to be lower than those from industries handling organic materials, even though it could be considered as a possible cause for several respiratory diseases.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2011

Inhibition of intestinal glucose uptake is beneficial in reducing the blood glucose level for diabetes. To search for an effective intestinal glucose uptake inhibitor from natural sources, 70 native edible plants, fruits and vegetables were screened using Caco-2 cells and fluorescent D-glucose analog 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG). A compound that was able to inhibit glucose uptake was isolated from methanol extract of Punica granatum L. and called PG-1a. PG-1a appears to be a phthalic acid-diisononyl ester- like compound (PDE) with molecular weight of 418. The inhibitory effect of PG-1a on intestinal glucose uptake was dose-dependent with 89% inhibition at $100\;{\mu}g$/mL. Furthermore, the intestinal glucose uptake inhibitory effect of PG-1a was 1.2-fold higher than phlorizin, a well known glucose uptake inhibitor. This study suggests that PG-1a could play a role in controlling the dietary glucose absorption, and that PG-1a can effectively improve the diabetic condition, and may be used as an optional therapeutic and preventive agent.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 1998

In order to search for anti-Herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) agents, we screened 80 specimens of Korean traditional medicine by SRB assay. The methanol extracts of Thujae orientalis Semen (Cupressaceae) showed strong anti-HSV activity among samples tested. From the butanol fraction of Thujae orientalis Semen anti-HSV-1 agent was isolated by chromatographic separation using Amberlite XAD-4 and Sephadex LH-20. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods, and was identified as ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (compound I). Compound I exhibited anti-HSV-1 activity with $EC_{50}$ of 0.6 mg/ml and $CC_{50}$ of 5.99 mg/ml, respectively.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2005

One of the important fields for heuristics algorithm is how to balance between Intensificationand Diversification. Ant Colony System(ACS) is a new meta heuristics algorithm to solve hard combinatorial optimization problem. It is a population based approach that uses exploitation of positive feedback as well as greedy search. It was first proposed for tackling the well known Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP). In this paper, we propose Multi Colony Interaction Ant Model that achieves positive negative interaction through elite strategy divided by intensification strategy and diversification strategy to improve the performance of original ACS. And, we apply multi colony interaction ant model by this proposed elite strategy to TSP and compares with original ACS method for the performance.

• Mycobiology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.189-192
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• 2014

During a search for neuraminidase inhibitors derived from medicinal fungi, we found that the fermentation broth of Phellinus linteus exhibited potent neuraminidase inhibitory activity. Through bioassay-guided fractionation, two active compounds were purified from the ethyl acetate-soluble portion of the fermentation broth of P. linteus. These structures were identified as inotilone (1) and 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one (2) by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited H1N1 neuraminidase activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 29.1 and 125.6 $125.6{\mu}M$, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. They also exhibited an antiviral effect in a viral cytopathic effect reduction assay using MDCK cells. These results suggest that compounds 1 and 2 from the culture broth of P. linteus would be good candidates for the prevention and therapeutic strategies towards viral infections.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.253-262
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• 1994

This study was intended to investigate the anticarcinogenic effect of ginseng previously elucidated by other researches in animal studies. The sister chromatid exchange(SCE) method of human lymphocytes was used as a biomarker. Based on the literature search and the results of our laboratory, smoking was used as a parameter elevating the SCE frequency of general human population. To evaluate the smoking and ginseng effect on SCE frequency, 98 male healthy factory workers aged 23 to 58 years were divided into 4 groups : smoker with ginseng (SG), smoker control(SC), non-smoker with ginseng(NSG), and non-smoker control(NSC) groups, according to their smoking habits and ginseng intake. The mean sponteneous SCE per cell for the SG(10.8$\pm$0.3) and SC(10.4$\pm$0.3) groups were significantly higher than the NSG(9.1$\pm$0.2) and NSC(9.3$\pm$0.3) groups(p<0.05). High frequency cells (HFCs, cells with 15 SCEs) in SG and SC groups were also greater than those in NSG and NSC groups. However, the SCE levels of the SG and SC groups were not associated with the personal smoking history and the number of cigaretts smoked per day. Ginseng intake did not show any effect on the increased SCE caused by smoking. There were no correlations of the elevated SCE among smoking and ginseng types, history of ginseng intake, and consumption frequencies of ginseng intake. These results does not support the findings of other researchers that ginseng could be a protective agent to DNA damage.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2020

Companies have made an investment of cost and time to optimize processing of a new business model in a cloud environment, applying collaboration technology utilizing business processes in a social network. The collaborative processing method changed from traditional BPM to the cloud and a mobile cloud environment. We proposed a collaborative system for operating processes in social networks using MOXMDR-DAI+ (eXtended Metadata Registry-Data Access & Integration based multimedia ontology). The system operating cloud-based collaborative processes in application of MOXMDR-DAI+, which was suitable for data interoperation. MOXMDR-DAI+ applied to this system was an agent effectively supporting access and integration between multimedia content metadata schema and instance, which were necessary for data interoperation, of individual local system in the cloud environment, operating collaborative processes in the social network. In operating the social network-based collaborative processes, there occurred heterogeneousness such as schema structure and semantic collision due to queries in the processes and unit conversion between instances. It aimed to solve the occurrence of heterogeneousness in the process of metadata mapping using MOXMDR-DAI+ in the system. The system proposed in this study can visualize business processes. And it makes it easier to operate the collaboration process through mobile support. Real-time status monitoring of the operation process is possible through the dashboard, and it is possible to perform a collaborative process through expert search using a community in a social network environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.102-102
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• 2003

The inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis and nitric oxide production by corresponding inducible isozyme have been considered as potential anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive agents. In our continuous search for cancer chemopreventive agents from natural products, we have evaluated the inhibitory potential of PGE$_2$and NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. As a result, pinosylvin (3,5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a stilbenoid, mainly found from the heartwood and leaves of the Pinus sylvestris, showed potential inhibitory activity of LPS-induced PGE$_2$and NO production in a dose-dependent manner. Pinosylvin also suppressed the LPS-induced iNOS protein expression. Further study revealed that pinosylvin exhibited antioxidant activity by the DPPH free radical scavenging potential and inhibitory effect of xanthine oxidase activity. In addition, pinosylvin inhibited COX -2 overexpressed human colon cancer cell (HT-29) growth in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that pinosylvin might be a promising candidate for developing cancer chemopreventive agent.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.203-208
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• 2009

Lunasin is a unique 43-amino acid peptide which has shown a chemopreventive in mammalian cells and in a skin cancer mouse model. In search for new sources of lunasin and the role of cereals in cancer prevention, we report here the properties of lunasin purified from millet. Stability of millet lunasin was measured by in vitro digestibility assay using pepsin and pancreatin. Inhibition of HAT (histone acetyltransferase) and nuclear localization in mammalian cells were used to measure lunasin bioactivity as the cancer chemopreventive agent. Lunasin present in millet crude protein was stable to pepsin and pancreatin in in vitro digestion and inhibited the activities of HATs. When added exogenously, lunasin purified from millet internalized in the nuclei of mouse fibroblast cells. On the base of this result, we conclude that lunasin in millet is bioactive and consumption of millet may play an important role on cancer prevention in millet-consuming populations.