• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.67-80
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• 2005

This paper deals with a container terminal where containers are discharged by quay cranes from a ship and transported by a fleet of vehicles to the terminal yard. Since container terminals are fully utilized in general, It is important to increase terminal throughput by discharging the containers out of the ship without any delay, At the operational level, it should be decided which vehicle transports which container. The vehicle dispatching decision should be carefully made since the container discharging time increases when the quay cranes wait idle for the vehicles. This paper presents vehicle dispatching heuristics with the objective of minimizing the total container discharging time. The heuristics are based on a network flow model and a look-ahead concept. Through some experiments, the performance of the dispatching methods is evaluated.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2019

Seaports play a vital role in the economic development of countries, especially for countries having long coastlines such as Vietnam Seaport industry in Vietnam has witnessed an impressive development in recent years. The national cargo throughput in the period 2013-2017 achieved a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.8%/year, higher than that of the world (5.1%). However, the differences in planning policies and infrastructure systems has led to the differences in port performance efficiency of regional ports. Therefore, it is necessary to have a general and accurate view of the picture of Vietnam's seaport. The objective of this study was to analyze the relative efficiencies of 26 Vietnam container terminals using traditional output-oriented CCR and BCC DEA model. Malmquist P roductivity Index (MP I) was also applied to evaluate changes in container terminals productivity over time.

• IE interfaces
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.128-141
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• 2004

Although a number of container terminal simulators have been developed for various purposes, none of the existing simulators allow the system structure to reuse the system structure depending on application. Our goal is to develop highly reusable, highly inter-operable and flexible container terminal simulation system. The High Level Architecture(HLA) is an architecture for reuse and inter-operation of simulation. It is based on premise that no simulation can satisfy all use and users. An individual simulation or set of simulations developed for one purpose can be applied to another application under the HLA concept of the federation : a composable set of interacting simulations. The intent of the HLA is a structure which will support reuse of capabilities available in different simulations, ultimately reducing the cost and time required to create a synthetic environment for a new purpose, and the possibility of distributed collaborative development of complex simulation applications. In this paper, we discuss the design of a HLA-based port container terminal simulation system. Furthermore, we describe various technical motivations for HLA, the key elements of the architecture and how they are minimum and essential to the goal of reuse and interoperability.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.311-316
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• 2016

Vietnam is one of Asia's fastest developing economies. A long coastline of nearly 3,500 km provides a comparative advantage for Vietnam in developing a seaport system. Despite accounting for only about 30% of Vietnam's traffic volume, the Northern seaports have rapidly developed over the years. However, the location of the container terminals close to the common hinterland are a cause of fierce competition among container terminals. To outperform rivals and improve competitiveness, it is essential to identify the competitive positions of container terminals. This study analyzes the competitive positioning of container terminals in the northern region of Vietnam between 2005 and 2014 by applying the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix in order to assist terminal operators and policy makers to generate strategic planning as well as to improve priorities for development. Otherwise, the period from 2005-2014 aims to clarify the static and dynamic positioning of container terminals. The results demonstrate that the Hai Phong terminal dominates the market, but the Nam Hai Dinh Vu and Dinh Vu terminals are considered as "star" performers. Quang Ninh, Doan Xa, and Transvina are losing their competitive positions in Northern Vietnam.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2007

After World Trade Center's Terror in 2001 and promulgating Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA, 2002) and Security and Accountability For Every Port Act (SAFE Port Act, 2006) in the United States, most of the attention on security of international transportation including marine carrier and facility has focused increasingly. Inspection stations in foreign seaport terminal including Busan, South Korea, have been installed by Container Security Initiative (CSI) and Customs Trade Partnership against Terrorism (C-TPAT). The inspection station, however, may directly and indirectly affect delay of truck turnaround time in the seaport, especially high and severe level of security. This paper was analysed a risk for the additional average delay of truck turnaround time incurring by the inspection station under the all level of security, C-TPAT and CSI. As a result of this risk analysis, the higher weighted inspection time based on raising security level, the less number of trucks to be inspected, which will derive high delay in the inspection station.

• IE interfaces
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2007

We conduct an empirical study on RFID application to a real container terminal gate. The objective of this study is three-fold. The first is to design a new gate management process that applies RFID technology. For this purpose, we analyze current gate management process to find opportunities for improvement. The second is to verify the 433 and 900 MHz RFID technology in terms of the recognition rate of information contained in RFID tag under various conditions such as the speed of vehicle, the position of RFID tag and the tilt of RFID reader. We perform some experimental tests for this verification. Finally, we try to find suitable conditions for the speed of vehicle, the position of RFID tag and the tilt of RFID tag reader based on results of the experimental tests. Those findings are obtained with some ANOVA tests. Additionally, we summarize anticipated issues when applying RFID technology to the gate management process and possible solutions for the issues.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.532-539
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• 2006

We conduct an empirical study on RFID application to a real container terminal gate. The objective of this study is three-fold. The first is to design a new gate management process that applies RFID technology. For this purpose, we analyze current gate management process to find opportunities for improvement. The second is to verify the 433 and 900 Mhz RFID technology in terms of the recognition rate of information contained in RFID tag under various conditions such as the speed of vehicle, the position of RFID tag and the tilt of RFID reader. We perform some experimental tests for this verification. Finally, we try to find suitable conditions for the speed of vehicle, the position of RFID tag and the tilt of RFID tag reader based on results of the experimental tests. Those findings are obtained with some ANOVA tests. Additionally, we summarize anticipated issues when applying RFID technology to the gate management process and possible solutions for the issues.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.13 no.1 s.28
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• pp.47-54
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• 2007

After September 11, 2001, the United State's Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has set up inspection stations in seaport terminals. The inspection station, however, may directly and indirectly affect delay time in the seaports, increasing by especially high and severe level of security. This paper studies for a methodology to analyze container delays versus security incurring by the various layouts of the inspection station in the United States.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.73-87
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the empirical results of Analytic Hierarchy Process/Data Envelopment Analysis-Assurance Region(AHP/DEA-AR) by using multiple regression analysis during the period of 2009-2012 with 5 inputs (number of gantry cranes, number of berth, berth length, terminal yard, and mean depth) and 2 outputs (container TEU, and number of direct calling shipping companies). Assurance Region(AR) is the most important tool to measure the efficiency of seaports, because individual seaports are characterized in terms of inputs and outputs. Traditional AHP and multiple regression analysis techniques have been used for measuring the AR. However, few previous studies exist in the field of seaport efficiency measurement. The main empirical results of this study are as follows. First, the efficiency ranking comparison between the two models (AHP/DEA-AR and multiple regression) using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney signed-rank sum test were matched with the average level of 84.5 % and 96.3% respectively. When data for four years are used, the ratios of the significant probability are decreased to 61.4% and 92.5%. The policy implication of this study is that the policy planners of Korean port should introduce AHP/DEA-AR and multiple regression analysis when they measure the seaport efficiency and consider the port investment for enhancing the efficiency of inputs and outputs. The next study will deal with the subjects introducing the Fuzzy method, non-radial DEA, and the mixed analysis between AHP/DEA-AR and multiple regression analysis.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2023

Despite the significance of ports as critical economic infrastructure, the berth facilities usually deteriorate due to heavy loading, unloading, aging, environmental weather conditions, marine growths, and lack of efficient maintenance management. Marine berths require proactive maintenance management to limit deterioration and defects as no berth facility is maintenance-free. Thus, delay in carrying out maintenance work for the marine berths can be devastating to the operational process involving ship entry, loading, and unloading operations. The aim of this research is to coordinate both operations work, and maintenance works that take place inside the berth of a local industrial port in Saudi Arabia, by developing a novel framework that integrates both works without affecting the efficiency and functionality of the berth. The study focused on defining the operational process of the port and identifying the elements with direct and indirect effects. In addition to determining the priority for the entry of ships inside the berth, it also identified the factors involved in designing a framework that included maintenance work as a component of the monthly berth occupancy schedule. By applying a mathematical model, a framework was established, which includes all the important elements of the process. As a result of the mathematical method formulation process, a database was designed that organizes and coordinates the operations of all berths within the port. This creates time to carry out the required maintenance work monthly as well as ease of coordination with the contractors responsible for the implementation of those works.