• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.613-623
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• 2019

Over the past decades, daily sea surface temperature (SST) composite data have been produced using periodically and extensively observed satellite SST data, and have been used for a variety of purposes, including climate change monitoring and oceanic and atmospheric forecasting. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy and analyzed the error characteristic of the SST composite data in the sea around the Korean Peninsula for optimal utilization in the regional seas. We evaluated the four types of multi-satellite SST composite data including OSTIA (Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis), OISST (Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature), CMC (Canadian Meteorological Centre) SST, and MURSST (Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution Sea Surface Temperature) collected from January 2016 to December 2016 by using in-situ temperature data measured from the Ieodo Ocean Research Station (IORS). Each SST composite data showed biases of the minimum of 0.12℃ (OISST) and the maximum of 0.55℃ (MURSST) and root mean square errors (RMSE) of the minimum of 0.77℃ (CMC SST) and the maximum of 0.96℃ (MURSST) for the in-situ temperature measurements from the IORS. Inter-comparison between the SST composite fields exhibited biases of -0.38-0.38℃ and RMSE of 0.55-0.82℃. The OSTIA and CMC SST data showed the smallest error while the OISST and MURSST data showed the most obvious error. The results of comparing time series by extracting the SST data at the closest point to the IORS showed that there was an apparent seasonal variation not only in the in-situ temperature from the IORS but also in all the SST composite data. In spring, however, SST composite data tended to be overestimated compared to the in-situ temperature observed from the IORS.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.505-510
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• 2008

To understand the oceanographic characteristics of Hupo coastal waters as regards the East Korean Warm Current and the North Korean Cold Current, current direction and velocity were investigated by deploying a current meter in Hupo coastal waters during the summer and fall of 2007. Wind data were obtained from the homepage of the Korea Meteorological Administration. Water temperature was measured using a temperature meter attached to the current meter and a mini log. During summer, a south wind prevailed, while during the fall the wind blew from the north. Cold surface waters occurred on a large scale in summer, while in the fall, warm bottom water occurred frequently. After mid-November, when the surface water was cooler than $15^{\circ}C$, there was no difference in water temperature between the surface and bottom layers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2011

Characteristics of sea surface temperature(SST) difference around Gwang-Yang steel Mill where can affect marine ecosystem in Gwang-Yang bay using 25 collected Landsat-7 ETM+ thermal infrared band data from 2000 to 2010. To analyze accuracy of SST from the Landsat-7 ETM+ thermal infrared image， satellite-induced SST was verfied by compared Yeo-Su tide station and Landsat thermal image. As a result, SST from Landsat-7 ETM+ is $1.22^{\circ}C$ lower than sea temperature from Yeo-Su tide station and correlation coefficient resulted in above 0.991 which means that correlation coefficient between Landsat image temperature and field sea temperature is relatively high. Five regions were selected to analyze sea surface temperature between near Gwang-Yang steel mill and the open sea and analyzed timeseries of sea surface temperature seasonally and regionally. Moreover, the additional analysis has been carried out by comparing the averaged temperatures of Gwang-Yang and Soon-Cheon bays using the dataset over a year.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.709-713
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• 2009

Water pollution of coast has a significant impact on the fish farm and fisheries. For solving the water pollution problems the fish farms are moving to the open sea. The fish farms in open sea have to operate by the automatic feeding system and remote monitoring system for safety and management. This paper describes an automatic feeding system for fish farms in open sea. Water temperature and fish weight will change depending on the amount of feed. And the fish farm temperature is changed extremely in open sea than on land side. This paper described that the feed amount is calculated automatically according to temperature, fish weight, and the automatic feed system. And the performance of automatic feed system is verified with test model for operation test.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 1982

The study on the variation coefficient of water temperature and salinity was comducted during the year from 1968 to 1980 in the Southern Sea of Korea. The results obtaland from the study as followes; 1. The variation coefficient of water temperature and salinity wewe large either at the front area or the thermocline and malocline area. 2. The variation coefficient of water temperature was the largest at the time when the power was strong ty each water mass(The largest value in Tsushima and Yellow Sea Warm Current area was occurred at the 50m layer in the Summer, and that in the South Korean Coastal Water area and the Southern Part of Yellow Sea was at all layer in the Winter). 3. The variation coefficient of salinity was the largest at the surface layer in warm current area that was influenced by the low salinity of the East China Coastal Water in the Summer ,and that of salinity in the South Korean Coastal Water area and Soutern Part of Yellow Sea was nearly half of the value of the warm current area.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 1984

The atmospheric and oceanic influences on the air-sea thermal interaction in the East Sea (Japan Sea) are studied by means of an analytic model which is based on the heat budget of the ocean. By means of the model, the model, the annual variations of heat fluxes and air temperatures in the East Sea are analytically simulated. The model shows that the back radiation, the latent heat and the sensible heat increase with the warn water advection. The latent heat increases with the sea surface temperature (SST) but the back radiation and the sensible heat dcrease as the SST increases. In the East Sea, an increase of mean SST by 1.0$^{\circ}C$ yields an increase of mean air temperature by 1.2$^{\circ}C$. The heat storage in the ocean plays an important role in the annual variations of heat flux across the sea surface.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.585-595
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• 2021

We used seawater temperature data, measured in the Garolim Bay, to analyze temperature variation on an hourly and daily basis. Lagrange's interpolation using before and after data was applied to restore nonconsecutive missing temperature data. The estimated error of the data restoration was 0.11℃. Spectral analyses of seawater temperature showed significant periodicities of approximately 12.4 h (semidiurnal tide) and 15.0 d (long-period tide), which is close to those of M₂ and M_f partial tides. Variation in seawater temperature was correlated more with tidal height than with air temperature around the Garolim Bay. In June and December, when the seawater temperature difference between the inside and outside of the Garolim Bay was very large, the periodicities of 12.4 h and 15.0 d were highly prominent. These results indicate that the exchange of seawater between the inside and outside of the Garolim Bay induced variations in seawater temperature owing to tide. Understanding temperature variation because of tide helps to prevent abnormal mortality of cultured fish and to predict seawater temperature in the Garolim Bay.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.974-983
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• 1997

The Okhotsk Sea is unique natural object with climatic peculiarities. The climate of the Okhotsk Sea results from the general distribution of solar radiation during a year, and the characteristics of the atmospheric circulation that varies through a year: In cold half year the main pressure formations are Siberian high and Aleutian low. Asian low centered on Afghanistan dominates over the Asian continent in summer. The North-Pacific sea surface is under effect of permanent North Pacific high. The changes in their position from year to year are very significant. The anticyclonic activity over the Far Eastern Seas is one of the main factors for the formation of weather anomalies over the adjacent territories. The analysis of summer weather characteristics over the coast of Okhotsk and East Sea using the data obtained from Hydrometeorological stations during $1949\~1990$ showed that, to a great extent, distribution of the air temperature depends on thermal state of the Okhotsk Sea and atmospheric circulation over it. We show some relations between weather characteristics and the intensity of atmospheric action center for the North Pacific high in summer when its ridge propagates to Okhotsk Sea. Correlation coefficients between air pressure over the Okhotsk Sea and air temperature for the coastal areas reach up to 0.7. Analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution of main meteorological values over the Okhotsk Sea such as air pressure, and air temperature are also performed.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.173-185
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• 2005

This study examines the relationships among sea ice concentration, surface air temperature, surface wind, and SST (Sea Surface Temperature) in Bransfield Strait to understand the climatic characteristics and its related sedimentary process there. In analyses of the monthly data, during the austral autumn (Mar., Apr., and May), the frequency of southeasterlies is correlated positively with the sea ice concentration and negatively with the surface air temperature, whereas that of northwesterlies is reverse. These relationships are explained by the process that the southeasterlies of the cold air from the Antarctic Continent affect the ocean current around Bransfield Strait. And then the ocean current makes the sea ice generated in the Weddell Sea drift into the strait. During the spring (Sep., Oct., and Nov.), sea ice concentration and surface air perature are closely correlated with the frequency of northwesterlies with warm air mass. In the some parts of the northern boundary region, the sea ice concentration in Bransfield Strait is positively correlated with the SST during the autumn and spring. Such relationship may rather propel the sea ice melting in proportion to the sea ice concentration during the autumn.

• Atmosphere
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2019

The characteristics of the sea breeze were investigated using the wind and temperature data collected from 300-m tower at Boseong from May 2014 to April 2018. Sea breeze day was detected using following criteria: 1) the presence of a clear change in wind direction near sunrise (between 1 hour after sunrise and 5 hours before sunset) and sunset (from 1500 LST to midnight), 2) presence of thermal forcing of sea breeze and 3) no heavy precipitation (rain < $10mm\;d^{-1}$). Sea breeze days occurred on 569 days for 4 years. The monthly distribution of sea breeze day occurrence shows maxima in May and September and minimum in December. The average onset and cessation times of the sea breeze are 0942 LST and 1802 LST, respectively. Although the 10-m wind shows clockwise rotation with time in the afternoon, the observed hodograph does not show an ideal elliptical shape and has different characteristics depending on the upper synoptic wind direction. Vertical structure of sea breeze shows local maximum of wind speed and local minimum of virtual potential temperature at 40 m in the afternoon for most synoptic conditions except for southeasterly synoptic wind ($60^{\circ}{\sim}150^{\circ}$) which is in the same direction as onshore flow. The local minimum of temperature is due to cold advection by sea breeze. During daytime, the intensity of inversion layer above 40 m is strongest in westerly synoptic wind ($240^{\circ}{\sim}330^{\circ}$) which is in the opposite direction to onshore flow.