• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.169-177
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• 1999

There is some limitations for ship to gather weather and sea state information. To make up for this weakness, land organizations can gather the wider variety of information, evaluate the navigational safety on a ship, and supply this information to the ship. In this study, the involuntary speed loss are calculated using the real-time information on weather and considering the increase of resistance induced by wave, and the navigational safety in a seaway is evaluated. The used model for computer simulation is Lpp 93m frigate class ship. The feasibility study is made of using simulation results in actual operation.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.1031-1041
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 ANFIS 기반 GloSea5 앙상블 기상전망 개선 기법을 개발하고 평가하였다. 대상유역은 국내 주요 다목적댐인 충주댐 유역을 선정하였으며, 개선 기법은 ANFIS 기반의 전 후처리기법으로 구성된다. 전처리 기법에서 GloSea5의 앙상블 멤버에 가중치를 부여하며(OWM), 후처리 과정에서는 전처리결과를 편의보정 한다(MOS). 평가결과 편의보정된 GloSea5에 비해 예측성능이 개선되었으며, CASE3, CASE1, CASE2 순으로 모의성능이 우수하였다. 전처리 기법은 강수의 변동성이 큰 계절에 개선효과가 우수하였으며, 후처리 기법은 전처리로 개선하지 못한 오차를 줄 일 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 ANFIS 기반 GloSea5 앙상블 기상전망 개선 기법은 전 후처리 기법을 함께 사용하는 것이 가장 좋으며, 특히 여름철과 같이 강수의 변동성이 큰 계절에 활용성이 높을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.489-498
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• 2023

하드웨어의 성능 및 컴퓨팅 기술의 발전 덕분에 기후환경 변화를 대비하기 위해 기후예측 모델 또한 발전하고 있다. 한국 기상청은 GloSea6를 도입하여 슈퍼컴퓨터를 이용하여 기상 예측을 하고있으며, 각 대학 및 연구 기관에서는 중소규모 서버에서 사용하기 위해 저해상도 결합모델인 Low-GloSea6를 사용하여 기상 연구에 활용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 중소규모 서버에서의 기상 연구의 원활한 연구를 위해 Low-GloSea6의 Intel VTune Profiler를 사용한 분석을 진행하였으며 1125.987초의 CPU Time을 수행하는 대기모델의 tri_sor_dp_dp 함수를 Hotspot으로 검출하였다. 수치적 연산을 진행하는 기존 함수에 머신러닝 기법의 하나인 비선형 회귀모델을 적용 및 비교하여 머신러닝 적용 가능성을 확인하였다. 기존 tri_sor_dp_dp 함수의 실제 연산되는 값인 1e-3 ~ 1e-20의 범위를 가지는 Output Data인 변수 "Px"를 기준으로 평가하였을때 K-최근접 이웃 회귀 모델은 MAE가 1.3637e-08, SMAPE가 123.2707%로 가장 우수하게 나타났으며 RMSE의 경우 Light Gradient Boosting Machine 회귀 모델이 2.8453e-08로 가장 우수한 성능을 보이는 것으로 측정되었다. 따라서 Low-GloSea6 수행 과정 중 tri_sor_dp_dp 함수의 데이터를 추출 후 비선형 회귀 모델을 적용한 결과로 기존의 tri_sor_dp_dp 함수의 수치적 연산 값과 K-최근접 이웃 회귀 모델을 비교하였을 때 SMAPE가 123.2707%의 오차가 발생하는 것으로 측정되어 기존 모듈의 대체 가능성이 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2006

The purpose of this case study is to determine the possibility of Numerical Forecasting of sea fog at West Sea in spring time. For practical method of analyzing the data collected from 24th to 26th March 2003, Numerical Weather Prediction model MM5(Mesoscale Model Version 5) and synoptic field study using synoptic chart, upper level chart, and sea surface temperature were employed. The results of synoptic field analysis summarized that sea fog at West sea in spring is intensified by the inflow of the warm flow from west or southwest, low sea surface temperature to increase the temperature difference between air and sea surface, and inversion layer to disturb the disperse. It appears that the possibility of sea fog forecasting by MM5, in view of the result that the MM5 output is similar to the synoptic fields analysis.

• 물과 미래
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.389-397
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• 1988

남해 연안 지상측정소의 과거풍속자료와 돌풍 기록으로 부터 과거의 피해 자료를 추산(Hindcasting)하고 이로부터 얻어진 지역별 피해별 연간 최대피해의 극치 계열로 부터 확율분석을 통하여 송해 설계치를 결정하는 방법이 제안되엇다. 남해 연안에 내재하는 큰 파급은 돌풍과 춘하절 계절풍에 의해 생성되며 지역별 파향별로 상당한 차이를 보인다. 재현기간이 100년인 설계 유의파의 파고는 송해에서 4.6m~ 8.8m ,조기는 8.2sec~ 12.9sec의 범위를 보인다. 남해\ulcorner\ulcorner에서 풍속 $U_1$ >15m/s의 강풍에 대하여 일반적으로 해상풍속(Uw)은 \ulcorner\ulcorner 지상관측소 풍속($U_1$)의 0.8~0.9배 정도를 나타낸다. 남해 \ulcorner\ulcorner의 지상관측소에서 지속기간의 평균풍속($U_1$)은 2$U_{10}$)의 0.7~0.9배의 값을 가지면서 역지수 함수적으로 감소한다.

• 대기
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.433-443
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• 2021

The wind speed and wind direction in Yeongdong are one of the crucial meteorological factors for forecasting snowfall in this area. To improve the snowfall forecast in Yeongdong region, Yeongdong Extreme Snowfall-Windstorm Experiment, YES-WEX was designed. We examined the wind field variation simulated with Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System (LDAPS) using observed wind field during YES-WEX period. The simulated wind speed was overestimated over the East Sea and especially 2 to 4 times in the coastal line. The vertical wind in Yeongdong region, which is a crucial factor in the snowfall forecast, was not well simulated at the low level (850 hPa~1000 hPa) until 12 hours before the forecast. The snowfall distribution was also not accurately simulated. Three hours after the snowfall on the East Sea coast was observed, the snowfall was simulated. To improve the forecast accuracy of snowfall in Yeongdong region, it is important to understand the weather conditions using the observed and simulated data. In the future, data in the northern part of the East Sea and the mountain slope of Taebaek observed from the meteorological aircraft, ship, and drone would help in understanding the snowfall phenomenon and improving forecasts.

• 대기
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2015

This study was conducted to perform various sensitivity experiments using WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model in order to determine the effects of terrains of the Korean Peninsula and the land-sea thermal contrast on the formation and development of the convergent cloud band for the cases of 1 February 2012. The sensitivity experiments consist of the following five ones: CNTL experiment (control experiment), and TMBT experiment, BDMT experiment and ALL experiment that set the terrain altitude of Taeback Mountains and Northern mountain complex as zero, respectively, and the altitude of the above-mentioned two mountains as zero, and LANDSEA experiment that set to change the Korean Peninsula into sea in order to find out the land-sea thermal contrast effect. These experiment results showed that a cold air current stemming from the Siberian high pressure met the group of northern mountains with high topography altitude and was separated into two air currents. These two separated air currents met each other again on the Middle and Northern East Sea, downstream of the group of northern mountains and converged finally, creating the convergent cloud band. And these experiments suggested that the convergent cloud band located on the Middle and Northern East Sea, and the cloud band lying on the southern East sea to the coastal waters of the Japanese Island facing the East Sea, were generated and developed by different dynamical mechanisms. Also it was found that the topography of Taeback Mountains created a warm air advection region due to temperature rise by adiabatic compression near the coastal waters of Yeongdong Region, downstream of the mountains. In conclusion, these experiment results clearly showed that the most essential factor having an effect on the generation and development of the convergent cloud band was the topography effect of the northern mountain complex, and that the land-sea thermal contrast effect was insignificant.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.409-431
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• 2014

In this study, the characteristics in the simulation of high-resolution coastal weather, i.e. sea surface wind (SSW) and significant wave height (SWH), were studied in a southeastern coastal region of Korea using the WRF and SWAN models. This analyses was performed based on the effects of various input factors in the WRF and SWAN model during M-Case (moderate days with average 1.8 m SWH and $8.4ms^{-1}$ SSW) and R-Case (rough days with average 3.4 m SWH and $13.0ms^{-1}$ SSW) according to the strength of SSW and SWH. The effects of topography (TP), land cover (LC), and sea surface temperature (SST) for the simulation of SSW with the WRF model were somewhat high on v-component winds along the coastline and the adjacent sea of a more detailed grid simulation (333 m) during R-Case. The LC effect was apparent in all grid simulations during both cases regardless of the strength of SSW, whereas the TP effect had shown a difference (decrease or increase) of wind speed according to the strength of SSW (M-Case or R-Case). In addition, the effects of monthly mean currents (CR) and deepwater design waves (DW) for the simulation of SWH with the SWAN model predicted good agreement with observed SWH during R-Case compared to the M-Case. For example, the effects of CR and DW contributed to the increase of SWH during R-Case regardless of grid resolution, whereas the differences (decrease or increase) of SWH occurred according to each effect (CR or DW) during M-Case.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.212-221
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• 2004

Concentrations of suspended particulate matters (SPM) and their distribution patterns were monitored three times in the East China Sea during the winter season in 1998 and 1999. SPM concentrations showed significant temporal variations controlled by the atmospheric conditions and sea states. In coastal area, SPM values were about 10-20 mg/l in fair weather conditions, but exceeded 100mg/l during the storm periods. Turbid waters were distributed widespread in the continental shelf of the East China Sea and the coastal area of the Korean Peninsula, and these two areas were connected along a NE-SW direction. The distribution patterns of turbid waters were interpreted as representing the transport behavior of suspended matter. Although the primary source of inner shelf mud deposits of Korea seems to be the Korean Peninsula, contribution from the East China Sea to the coastal area of Korea increases especially during the winter season.

• 대기
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.451-461
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• 2019

Medium-range forecast is highly dependent on ensemble forecast data. However, operational weather forecasters have not enough time to digest all of detailed features revealed in ensemble forecast data. To utilize the ensemble data effectively in medium-range forecasting, representative weather patterns in East Asia in this study are defined. The k-means clustering analysis is applied for the objectivity of weather patterns. Input data used daily Mean Sea Level Pressure (MSLP) anomaly of the ECMWF ReAnalysis-Interim (ERA-Interim) during 1981~2010 (30 years) provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Using the Explained Variance (EV), the optimal study area is defined by 20~60°N, 100~150°E. The number of clusters defined by Explained Cluster Variance (ECV) is thirty (k = 30). 30 representative weather patterns with their frequencies are summarized. Weather pattern #1 occurred all seasons, but it was about 56% in summer (June~September). The relatively rare occurrence of weather pattern (#30) occurred mainly in winter. Additionally, we investigate the relationship between weather patterns and extreme weather events such as heat wave, cold wave, and heavy rainfall as well as snowfall. The weather patterns associated with heavy rainfall exceeding 110 mm day^-1 were #1, #4, and #9 with days (%) of more than 10%. Heavy snowfall events exceeding 24 cm day^-1 mainly occurred in weather pattern #28 (4%) and #29 (6%). High and low temperature events (> 34℃ and < -14℃) were associated with weather pattern #1~4 (14~18%) and #28~29 (27~29%), respectively. These results suggest that the classification of various weather patterns will be used as a reference for grouping all ensemble forecast data, which will be useful for the scenario-based medium-range ensemble forecast in the future.