• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.627-635
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• 2017

Sea level rise caused by climate change has become a global issue. Sea level rise seems to be an important factor of the research for coastal areas as it affects topography and vegetation of coasts and especially for the plan of coastal wetlands restoration which needs to be carried out for a long term, it has to be considered sufficiently. The coastal wetlands in Korea was damaged by the land reclamation project but recent concerns on the restoration have increased as its value is evaluated highly. Suncheon Bay had also reclaimed from wetlands to rice field once however this site is very active for restoration nowadays. This study estimated an effect according to sea level rise by 2100, reappearing the none dike condition of Suncheon Bay so that it can be taken account of a future plan of wetland restoration. The Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model(SLAMM) was selected as predicting model. The input data such as DEM(Digital Elevation Model), slope, wetlands category, sea level rise senario, tidal range and accretion rate was applied for the simulation. The results showed a decrease in tidal flat, an increase in sea area and a change of the rice field to transitional salt marsh consistently by 2100. These results of this study could be used as baseline data in the future plan of ecological restoration in Suncheon Bay.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2014

The long-term mooring performed at a KOGA station, located at about $30^{\circ}20^{\prime}N$, $126^{\circ}12^{\prime}E$ in the East China Sea shelf, shows some different behaviors between "semi-diurnal" and "diurnal currents" defined as the currents with periods around, respectively, a half day and a day. They appear to be predominantly tidal having significant coherences with sea level changes around the semi-diurnal and diurnal frequencies. The "semi-diurnal current" is strongly barotropic all year round. However, contrastingly, it is largely baroclinic in summer in the area about 70 km nearer to the continental slope, referred to as the "slope-area", as was found in previous current observations. The "diurnal current" of tidal origin is strongly barotropic in winter. In spring and summer, however, it becomes more baroclinic although it still remains largely barotropic, also showing more of its barotropic nature than in the "slope-area". The inertial oscillation contributing to the "diurnal current" appears to be more prominent when the current is baroclinic, indicating the important role played by stratification in generation of inertial oscillations. Downward energy propagation of inertial oscillation is not observed, suggesting that it is not created at the surface by wind. Considering that the study area is both near a critical latitude and proximity to the continental slope, it is suggested that parametric subharmonic instability (PSI) plays a significant role in creating the baroclinic inertial oscillation.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 International Symposium on Clean Environment
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• pp.177-184
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• 2003

Numerical simulation on marine wind and sea surface elevation was carried out using both three-dimensional hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic models and a simple oceanic model from 0900 LST, August 13 to 0900 LST, August 15, 1995. As daytime easterly meso-scale sea-breeze from the eastern sea penetrates Kangnung city in the center part as basin and goes up along the slope of Mt. Taegullyang in the west, it confronts synoptic-scale westerly wind blowing over the top of the mountain at the mid of the eastern slope and then the resultant wind produces an upper level westerly return flow toward the East Sea. In a narrow band of weak surface wind within 10km of the coastal sea, wind stress is generally small, less than l${\times}$10E-2 Pa and it reaches 2 ${\times}$ 10E-2 Pa to the 35 km. Positive wind stress curl of 15 $\times$ 10E-5Pa $m^{-1}$ still exists in the same band and corresponds to the ascent of 70 em from the sea level. This is due to the generation of northerly wind driven current with a speed of 11 m $S^{-1}$ along the coast under the influence of south-easterly wind and makes an intrusion of warm waters from the southern sea into the northern coast, such as the East Korea Warm Current. On the other hand, even if nighttime downslope windstorm of 14m/s associated with both mountain wind and land-breeze produces the development of internal gravity waves with a hydraulic jump motion of air near the coastal inland surface, the surface wind in the coastal sea is relatively moderate south-westerly wind, resulting in moderate wind stress. Negative wind stress curl in the coast causes the subsidence of the sea surface of 15 em along the coast and south-westerly coastal surface wind drives alongshore south-easterly wind driven current, opposite to the daytime one. Then, it causes the intrusion of cold waters like the North Korea Cold Current in the northern coastal sea into the narrow band of the southern coastal sea. However, the band of positive wind stress curl at the distance of 30km away from the coast toward further offshore area can also cause the uprising of sea waters and the intrusion of warm waters from the southern sea toward the northern sea (northerly wind driven current), resulting in a counter-clockwise wind driven current. These clockwise and counter-clockwise currents much induce the formation of low clouds containing fog and drizzle in the coastal region.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2008

신뢰성 해석을 이용하여 해수면 상승에 따른 경사식 해안 구조물의 안정성 및 기능성을 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 위험도 평가 시스템을 개발하였다. 안정성 평가를 위한 피복재의 해석에서는 피복재의 대표입경과 제체의 경사, 기능성 평가를 위한 처오름의 해석에서는 제체의 경사와 마루높이를 변화시키면서 해수면 상승 전 후의 파괴확률이 정량적으로 산정 되었다. 위험도 평가 시스템을 임의의 단면에 적용하여 해수면 상승에 따라 안정성과 기능성이 얼마나 감소하는지를 정확히 판정할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 해수면 상승 후에도 전과 동일한 안정성 및 기능성을 회복하기 위해서 어떤 변수들을 보수 보강해야 하는지, 또한 새로운 구조물 설계 시 설계변수들을 얼마나 강화해야 하는지의 기초 지표로 이용될 수 있다.

• 동굴
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• 제4호
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• pp.3-9
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• 1996

Ondal cave is located in Ha-ri Yongchun - myon, Tanyang - gun, Chungchongbuk - do, which has its site at the valley of southern side of Namhangang which winds up to the southwest. Namsan is kurungbong which is at the mid - slope of the steep and high mountain, Songsan which is 427 m high above sea level, and shows the aspect of the limestone area, a rough and steep mountain one.(omitted)

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 항내측 피복재의 안정성에 대한 단면수리실험을 수행하였다. 국내 항만 및 어항설계기준에서는 항내측 피복재의 중량산정 방법으로 상치콘크리트가 설치되지 않은 조건에 대하여 항내측 일부구간(최저설계 정수면에서 0.5 H 깊이까지)을 항외측 피복재와 동일 중량비의 피복재를 사용하도록 설계 도표로 제시하고 있다. 국내에 설계되는 대부분의 경사식 구조물은 상치콘크리트가 설치되어 있으며, 이에 대한 안정중량 산정 방법이 필요하다. van der Meer(1999)가 제시한 안정계수(N_od = 0.5)를 기준으로 피복재(테트라포드)의 안정성을 검토하였으며, 항외측 피복재의 0.8배에 해당하는 중량의 피복재를 항내측에 거치할 경우 안정성을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2016

Recently, coastal erosion has been widely in progress and the erosion level becomes also serious in the world wide, espeically in East Sea in Korea. Since it would threaten the life, economics and security risk, it is necessary to much comprehend the reason why coastal erosion has occurred according to the geographical characteristics. Meanwhile, analysis about hydrodynamics of the solitary wave such as tunami in swash zone is needed for the best management practice of coastal erosion. Solitary wave is nonlinear wave and can be reproduced in the laboratoy scale by openning suddenly a sluice gate with water head difference, of which methodology was found in the literature, since it could be simply determined by a significant wave height. Thus, in this sutdy the generation of solitary wave was experimentalized using the sluice gate. Experimental conditions were classified by angles of a beach slope, a water level in a beach slope and a difference of water level between in a headtank and a channel bed. Two kinds of dimensionless analyses based from experimental results in this study were presented; the first analysis indicates nondimensionalization between the wave height and the water level in a beach slope in order to investigate characteristics of solitary wave approaching the beach. The second shows the other nondimensionalization between dynamic pressure and static pressure on a beach slope to investigate the relationship between wave breaking and wave pressure. Under the same conditions as laboratory experiments, the numerical results computed with a SWAN model embedded in FLOW 3D were compared in terms of wave height, and pressure on the beach slope, which shows good agreement with each other. Overall results from this study could provide fundamental hydraulic data for the reliabile verification of numerical simulation results about coastal erosion in swash zone caused by solitary waves.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2001

This study was carried out to analyze physico-chemical properties of soils at the ground of landscape planting in reclaimed land from the sea on Kwangyang Bay, South Korea. Physico-chemical properties of soils at each planting grounds were tested by ANOVA and were significantly(P<0.01) different. The difference came from the soil properties of the covered soil, the disturbance applied to the soil with land use and the accumulation of organic matter after landscape planting. Soil hardness, pH, ECe, Na and K level were in a stable condition at high then low of ground height for landscape planting. Organic matter accumulation was greater at lower planting grounds then top and slope ground of big mounding. The planting grounds of favorable growth for landscape trees were determined as following order : the slope ground and the top ground of big mounding>the ground of medium mounding>the coved ground of improve soil>the lower ground of big mounding>the filled ground of improve soil.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.91-107
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• 2002

The wintertime upwind flow in the Yellow Sea has been investigated through a series of two-dimensional numerical experiments in an idealized basin. A total of 10 experiments have been carried out to examine the effects of wind forcing, bottom friction and the presence of oceanic currents sweeping the shelf of the East China Sea. A spatially uniform steady and periodic wind stresses are considered along with comparison of linear and quadratic formulations. The wind-driven flow in the absence of oceanic current has been computed using Proudman open boundary condition (POBC), while the wind-driven current in the presence of oceanic current has been computed using Flather’s radiation condition (FOBC). The oceanic currents to be prescribed at the open boundary have been simulated by specifying uniform sea level gradients across the Taiwan Strait and the eastern ECS shelf, Calculations show that, as seen in Lee et al. (2000), oceanic flow little penetrates into the Yellow Sea in the absence of wind forcing unless a unrealistically low rate of bottom frictional dissipation is assumed. Both steady and time-periodic wind stresses invoke the upwind flow along the central trough of the Yellow Sea, independently of the presence of the oceanic current. The presence of oceanic currents very marginally alters the north-south gradient of the sea surface elevation in the Yellow Sea. Changes in the intensity and direction of the wind-induced mean upwind flow are hardly noticeable in the Yellow Sea but are found to be significant near Cheju Island where the gradient is reduced and therewith contribution of Ekman transport increases. In case of steady wind forcing circulation patterns such as two gyres on the slope sides, a cyclonic gyre on the western slope and an anticyclonic gyre on the eastern slope persist and the upwind flow composes part of the cyclonic gyre in the Yellow Sea. While in case of the time-periodic wind stress the appearance and disappearance of the patterns are repeated according to the time variation of the wind stress and the upwind flow accordingly varies with phase delay, mostly intensifying near the time when the wind forcing is approximately near the middle of the decaying stage.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.146-162
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• 2017

동해 울릉분지 북서해역에 위치한 해저협곡의 층서 및 발달사를 연구하기 위해 다중빔 및 탄성파 자료를 분석하였다. 탄성파 자료 해석에 의하면 연구지역의 퇴적층은 침식 부정합면에 의해 분리되는 4개의 층서단위로 구분된다. 대륙사면에 발달한 퇴적층은 사면붕락을 포함하는 평행층리 음향상이 우세한 반면, 분지로 향하면서 평행층리 음향상과 캐오틱 음향상을 보이는 퇴적층이 분포한다. 전반적으로 사면에서는 얇은 층후를 보이며, 사면기저부와 분지 평원에서는 두꺼운 층후로 발달한다. 탄성파 특징과 분포에 의하면 각 층서단위의 퇴적은 해저협곡의 발달사와 잘 대비된다. 음향기반 암 상부에 위치하는 층서단위 1은 사면에서는 얇은 층후로 발달하며 분지로 향하면서 층후는 점차 증가한다. 층서단위 2는 다른 층서단위에 비해 사면에서 두꺼운 층후를 보이며 단층과 관련된 사면붕락이 발생한다. 사면붕락에 의해 유발된 질량류 퇴적체는 사면기저부에 주로 퇴적되며, 이 퇴적체는 심해 선상지로 해석된다. 퇴적물의 퇴적보다는 침식작용이 우세하여 협곡의 폭과 깊이는 증가한다. 층서단위 3은 해저협곡 주변부의 사면에서 얇은 층후를 보이며, 분지로 향하면서 퇴적두께는 점차 증가한다. 층서단위 4는 사면에서 슬라이드/슬럼프를 포함하는 얇은 층후를 보이며, 사면기저부에는 두꺼운 층후로 퇴적되는 심해 선상지가 발달한다. 해저협곡 주변부에서의 사면붕락과 우세한 침식작용에 의해 해저협곡의 폭과 깊이는 증가한다. 결과적으로 연구지역의 해저협곡과 연계된 층서단위의 형성은 사면붕락에 의한 퇴적물 공급량, 광역적인 구조운동, 해수면 변동에 의해 크게 조절되었다.