• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.844-847
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• 2006

In this work Topex/Poseidon altimeter data 1993 - 2002 were used. There are three altimetry tracks (one ascending and two descending) that cross Tatar Strait. The data were collected in the points of sub-satellite tracks with the step 0.25 degree. 10-years average values were calculated for each month. The seasonal sea level variations were compared with tide gauges data. The well expressed annual cycle (with maximum at July-August and the minimum at February-March) prevails in the Tartar Strait. However, the seasonal variations expressed much weakly in both the altimetry track points and Kholmsk - Nevelsk tide-gauges that locate close to La Perouse Strait because of Okhotsk Sea influence. The sea level slopes between the Sakhalin Island and the continent coasts were analyzed in different seasons. We found that sea level increases near Sakhalin coast in spring and summer that corresponds to the northward flow. In autumn, otherwise, the sea level decreases near Sakhalin Island that corresponds to southward current. This result is verified by the CTD data gathered on the standard sections. Well-expressed upwelling is observed near coastline of Sakhalin Island in fall season. This phenomenon is caused by the northerly and the northwesterly wind which are typical for cold season.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.525-532
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• 2021

In the ocean, it is difficult to separate the effects of one cause due to the multiple causes, but the self-organizing map can be analyzed by adding other factors to the cluster result. Therefore, in this study, the results of the clustering of sea level data were applied to sea surface temperature. Sea level data was clustered into a total of 6 nodes. The difference between sea surface temperature and sea level height has a one-month delay, which applied sea surface temperature data a month ago to the clustered results. As a result of comparing the mean of sea surface temperature of 140 to 150°E, where the sea surface temperature was variously distributed, in the case of nodes 1, 3, and 5, it was possible to find a meandering sea surface temperature distribution that is clearly distinguished from the sea level data. While nodes 2, 4 and 6, the sea surface temperature distribution was smooth. In this study, sea surface temperature data were applied to the clustered results of sea level data, but later it is necessary to apply wind or geostrophic velocity data to compare.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.222-222
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• 2015

Vietnam is one of the most vulnarable countries affected by climate change and sea level rise. One of the consequences of climate change and sea level rise is the increase of salinity intrusion into the rivers which is challenging to irrigation systems in coastal areas. This indicates the necessary to study the ability of taking water through sluice gates of irrigation systems in coastal zones, especially in the dry season with the effects of climate change and sea level rise in the future. In this paper, Nam Thai Binh irrigation system is selected as a case study. The irrigation system is one of 22 biggest irrigation systems of the Red River delta in Vietnam located in coastal region. The computed duration is selected in dry season to irrigate for Winter-Spring crops. The irrigation water for the study area is taken from different sluice gates along the Red River and the Tra Ly River. In this paper, MIKE-11 model was applied to assess the ability of taking water for irrigation of the study area in current situation and in the context of climate change and sea level rise senario in 2050 (under the medium emissions scenario (B2) published by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam published in 2012) with different condition of water availability. The operation of the gates depends on the water levels and sanility conditions. The sanility and water level at different water intake gates of Nam Thai Binh irrigation system were simulated with different senarios with and without climate change and sea level rise. The result shows that, under climate change and sea water level rise, some gates can take more water but some can not take water because of salinity excess and the total water taking from the different gates along the rivers decrease while the water demand is increase. The study indicates the necessary to study quantitatively some recommended solutions in the study area particularly and in coastal region generally in Vietnam to ensure water demand for irrigation and other purposes in the context of climate change and sea level rise in the future.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.327-333
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• 2005

Sea level (MSL, MHWL, or MLWL) change has been main concern to scientists and engineers and it can be primarily due to both change of climate and vertical movement of land. This paper reports the intensive analysis of the sea level changes and broad discussion of the future at the southwestern coast of Korean peninsula. Regression analysis was conducted to investigate general tendency and periodicity of the sea levels at the six different study sites such as Gunsan-I(inner port), Gunsan-O(outer port), Mokpo, Yeosu, Heuksan and Jeju and the results were compared with global values. Besides the changes of sea levels due to global warming, the influence of the man-made structure such as seadike and seawall was attempted to quantify using the minimization of the Root Mean Square(RMS) error. The results show that it is a general tendency that the values of mean sea level rise at the southwestern coast of Korean Peninsula, especially at Gunsan-I and Jeju, are somewhat larger compared to global average values. There is also some evidence that tidal amplifications are found just after construction of man-made structure at Gunsan-I and Mokpo. However, both sites show different mechanism in relation to tidal choking, tidal flat and river discharge. The impact due to construction of man-made structure is considerably larger at Mokpo site, while the impacts due to man-made structure and the effect of sea level rise are relatively identical at Gunsan-I site. This study is expected to provide some intuition to future design.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.880-883
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• 2006

Altimeter(Topex/Poseidon) and AVHRR(NOAA) data were used to study the variations and correlations of Sea Level(SL) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the North East Asian Seas from November 1993 to May 1998. This region is influenced simultaneously to continental and oceanic climate as the border of the East Sea(Japan Sea). SL and SST have increased gradually every year because the global warming, and presented usually a strong annual variations in Kuroshio extension region with the influence of bottom topography.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2007

Altimeter (Topex/Poseidon) and AVHRR (NOAA) data were used to study the variations and correlations of Sea Level (SL) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the North East Asian Seas from November 1993 to May 1998. This region is influenced simultaneously to continental and oceanic climate as the border of the East Sea (Japan Sea). SL and SST have increased gradually every year because the global warming, and presented usually a strong annual variations in Kuroshio extension region with the influence of bottom topography.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2017

Natural disasters caused by climate change are increasing globally. There are few studies on the quantitative analysis methods for predicting damages in the island area due to sea level rise. Therefore, it is necessary to study the damage prediction analysis method using the GIS which can quantitatively analyze. In this paper, we analyze the cause and status of sea level rise, quantify the vulnerability index, establish an integrated terrestrial modeling method of the ocean and land, and establish a method of analyzing the damage area and damage scale due to sea level rise using GIS and the method of making the damage prediction figure was studied. In order to extract the other affected areas to sea level rise are apart of the terrain model is generated by one requires a terrain modeling of target areas are offshore and vertical reference system differences in land, found the need for correction by a tidal observations and geoid model there was. Grading of terrain, coastline erosion rate, coastal slope, sea level rise rate, and even average by vulnerable factors due to sea level rise indicates that quantitative damage prediction is possible due to sea level rise in the island area. In the case of vulnerable areas extracted by GIS, residential areas and living areas are concentrated on the coastal area due to the nature of the book area, and field survey shows that coastal changes and erosion are caused by sea level rise or tsunami.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 2016

Urban development and population increases are continuously progressed in the coastal areas in Korea, thus it is expected that vulnerability towards coastal disasters by sea level rise (SLR) would be accelerated. This study investigated trend of the sea level data using Mann-Kendall (MK) test, and the results showed that the increasing trends of annual average sea level at 17 locations were statistically significant. For annual maximum extremes, seven locations exhibited statistically significant trends. In this study, non-stationary frequency analysis for the annual extreme data together with average sea level data as a covariate was performed. Non-stationary frequency analysis results showed that sea level at the coastal areas of Korean Peninsula would be increased from a minimum of 60.33 mm to a maximum of 214.90 mm by 2100.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-64
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• 2015

This paper presents a method for assessing the risk of wave run-up and overtopping of existing coastal defences and for analysing the probability of failure of the structures under future hydraulic conditions. The recent UK climate projections are employed in the investigations of the influence of changing environments on the long-term performance of sea defences. In order to reduce the risk of wave run-up and overtopping caused by rising sea level and to maintain the present-day allowances for wave run-up height and overtopping discharge, the future necessary increase in crest level of existing structures is investigated. Various critical failure mechanisms are considered for reliability analysis, i.e., erosion of crest by wave overtopping, failure of seaside revetment, and internal erosions within earth sea dykes. The time-dependent reliability of sea dykes is analysed to give probability of failure with time. The results for an example earth dyke section show that the necessary increase in crest level is approximately double of sea level rise to maintain the current allowances. The probability of failure for various failure modes of the earth dyke has a significant increase with time under future hydraulic conditions.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.107-118
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• 2001

The aim of this paper is to grasp eutrophication aspects in Namhae coastal seas, statistically analyzing existing data for their surface seawater and bottom mud. A pollution level(ignition loess) of bottom mud, on the whole, trended to increase as moving the coastal sea around Mokpo-Wando toward the east(Gyeongnam Namhae coastal seas). Especially, the pollution level(ignition loss=10.5%) of bottom mud for the coastal sea around Tongyeong-Keoje-Gosung was similar to that(10.3%) for the coastal sea around Masan-Jinhae, whose coastal marine pollution was the severest in Namhae coastal seas. It indicates that large amounts of pollutant from aqualculture facilities have been, thus far, accumulated on the coastal sea around Tongyeong-Keoje-Gosung, considering there was no significant inflow of sewage and industrial wastewater into this coastal sea. A COD, T-N, and T-P level of surface seawater, on the whole trended to increase as moving the coastal sea around Mokpo-Wando toward the east(Gyeongnam Namhae coastal seas). A COD level appeared to be the second grade of coastal water quality over the entire year throughout all Namhae coastal seas A T-N level exceeded the third grade of coastal water quality throughout all Namhae coastal seas except the coastal sea around Mokpo-Wando. Especially, a T-N level exceeded as many as three and six times over the third grade of coastal water quality in the coastal sea around Tongyeong-Keoje-Gosung and Masan-Jinhae, respectively. A T-P level appeared to be the second grade of coastal water quality in the coastal sea around Mokpo-Wando and the third grade of coastal water quality in the coastal sea around Yosu-Narnhae and Tongyeong-Keoje-Gosung, while it exceeded as many as two times over the third grade of coastal water quality. A degree of eutrophication of the surface seawater was 1.5 in the coastal sea around Mokpo-Wando and 11.9 In the coastal sea around Tongyeong-Keoje-Gosung, gradually increasing as moving toward the east(Gyeongnam Narnhae coastal seas). It sharply increased to 146.1 in the coastal sea around Masan-Jinhae. Because the degree of eutrophication throughout all Namhae coastal seas exceeded 1, a red tide organism could pose a possibility of proliferation at any place of Namhae coastal seas if other requirements were satisfied. It indicates that a red tide may move to another place once a red tide breaks out at a place of Namhae coastal seas.