• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2021

Branchinotogluma segonzaci (Miura and Desbruyères, 1995) occurs in hydrothermal vent fields of the southwestern Pacific Ocean. We morphologically compared B. segonzaci from the North Fiji Basin with the original description from the Lau Basin and a subsequent study of specimens from the Manus Basin. The main characteristics of all B. segonzaci populations were similar having 21 segments, 10 pairs of elytra, cylindrical-shaped anterior lobes, and ventral papillae on segment 12 and ventral lamellae on segments 13-17 in males. However, the specimens from the North Fiji Basin had rounded to sub-renifrom elytra rather than oval in the original description. Additionally, we newly obtained 11 cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA barcodes from the North Fiji Basin and Tonga Arc populations and compared them with known COI DNA barcodes of Branchinotogluma species. Thirteen sequences of B. segonzaci showed 0.0-1.07% intraspecific variation and formed two clades in the COI neighbor-joining tree, whereas the interspecific variation among Branchinotogluma species was 8.19-22.4%. The results of this study contribute to biogeographic studies of B. segonzaci and the evolution of polynoid scale worms in chemosynthesis-based ecosystems.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.273-282
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• 2007

For an efficient management and utilization of marine biodiversity information, we made an attempt to develop the Korea Marine Biodiversity Information System (KoMBIS), building a species name inventory of Korea marine organisms. The inventory includes 17 organism groups: phytoplankton, zooplankton, algae and halophyte, sponges, cnidarians, rotifers, nematodes, bryozoans, brachiopods, molluscs, echiurans, annelids, arthropods, echinoderms, urochordates and fish. The species names were collected from 37 different references and reviewed for validity by taxonomists, which resulted in 9,798 valid names in addition to 1,845 synonyms. The Korea marine species inventory is the first one of this kind, for previous Korean species name inventories were mostly composed of terrestrial and freshwater organisms. KoMBIS, the information system developed, contains not only the species name but also information on morphological and ecological characteristics such as distribution, DNA barcode, and references. This system is convenient for the inputting of new data and servicing users through the internet, so that management and utilization of the biodiversity information is more efficient. Linking the DNA barcode data with species information provides an objective measure for identification of a species, which accommodates the recommendation of Consortium for the Barcode of Life, and makes the Korea marine biodiversity information compatible with international databases. Considering the frequent exchange of marine organisms internationally via ballast water and such issues as climate change, this information system will be useful in many areas of marine biodiversity.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.1616-1622
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• 2022

Selenium has been identified as an element of interest for the safety assessment of a deep geological repository (DGR) for used nuclear fuel. In Canada, groundwaters at DGR depths in sedimentary rocks have been observed to have a high ionic strength. This paper examines the sorption behavior of Se(-II) onto illite, MX-80 bentonite, Queenston shale, and argillaceous limestone in Na-Ca-Cl solutions of varying ionic strength (0.1-6 mol/kgw (m)) and across a pH range of 4-9. Little ionic strength dependence for Se(-II) sorption onto all solids was observed except that sorption at high ionic strength (6 m) was generally slightly lower than sorption at low ionic strength (0.1 m). Illite and MX-80 exhibited the expected results for anion sorption, while shale and limestone exhibited more constant sorption across the pH range tested. A non-electrostatic surface complexation model successfully predicted sorption of Se(-II) onto illite and MX-80 using the formation of an inner-sphere surface complex and an outer-sphere surface complex. Optimized values for the formation reactions of these surface species were proposed.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.6 no.spc
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• pp.172-176
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• 2017

In this list-format paper, we present unrecorded species of Korean ciliates (phylum Ciliophora). All species were selected from the final reports of the project: "Discovery of Korean Indigenous Species". This project has been carried out to discover and record various Korean indigenous species since 2006 and is funded by the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR). Among the various species, ciliates were a major taxon that was highlighted in this project as a speciose group categorized under Protozoa. This paper contains reports of 38 ciliates (8 classes, 16 orders, 23 families, and 34 genera) observed in Korea during the initial five years of the project (2006-2010).

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.626-639
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• 2017

Based on an ecological monitoring in a Korean stream (Gapyeong), Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) of nine fish species was developed for three physical habitat factors : current velocity, water depth and substrate. The species were chosen based on their abundance and frequency in the fish community of the Gapyeong stream. The Weibull model was used as the probability density function to analyze the distribution and number of each fish species according to the three identified physical factors, which showed good results. This HSI equation has advantages because it statistically expresses habitat preferences of fish species simply and clearly. From that, we can quantitatively deduce the central tendency and variation of environmental factors for fish distribution. The selected fish species showed different preferences for each habitat factor respectively. Although there are some exceptions, the distribution and abundance of individual species of nektonic fish (Zacco koreanus, Zacco platypus, Microphysogobio longidorsalis and Pungtungia herzi) were positively skewed to deep water and fine substrate while riffle-benthic fish (Koreocobitis rotundicaudata and Coreoleuciscus splendidus) were normally distributed at the shallow and coarse substrate zone. It seems that the species showing the positively skewed distribution to the current, Z. koreanus, Z. platypus, M. longidorsalis and P. herzi have adapted themselves to the fast current and have expanded their niche.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2010

The distribution of exotic weeds in 4 island area such as Baengnyeong-do, Heuksan-do, Chuja-do, and Geomun-do in Korea was investigated. Baengnyeong-do, Heuksan-do, Chuja-do, and Geomun-do have different weed flora, 41 species included 13 families, 32 species included 11 families, 23 species included 9 families and 30 species included 12 families were observed in the 4 islands, respectively. 18 families 70 species were occurred in 4 island. Most troublesome exotic weeds were Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior, Solanum carolinense, Cuscuta pentagona. Occurrence frequency of Conyza canadensis, Erigeron annuus, Dactylis glomerata, Bromus catharticus and Lolium multiflorum were the highest in each island, respectively. Also, result of divided life cycle, annual weeds were 28 species occupied 40% in total, biennial weeds were 21 species (30%) and perennial weeds were 21 species (30%).

• ALGAE
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.299-314
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• 2021

Some species in the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium are bioluminescent. Of the 33 formally described Alexandrium species, the bioluminescence capability of only nine species have been tested, and eight have been reported to be bioluminescent. The present study investigated the bioluminescence capability of seven Alexandrium species that had not been tested. Alexandrium mediterraneum, A. pohangense, and A. tamutum were bioluminescent, but A. andersonii, A. hiranoi, A. insuetum, and A. pseudogonyaulax were not. We also measured the bioluminescent intensity of A. affine, A. fraterculus, A. mediterraneum, A. ostenfeldii, A. pacificum, A. pohangense, A. tamarense, and A. tamutum. The mean 200-second-integrated bioluminescence intensity per cell ranged from 0.02 to 32.2 × 10⁴ relative luminescence unit per cell (RLU cell^-1), and the mean maximum bioluminescence intensity per cell per second (BL_Max) ranged from 0.01 to 10.3 × 10⁴ RLU cell^-1 s^-1. BL_Max was significantly correlated with the maximum growth rates of Alexandrium species, except for A. tamarense. A phylogenetic tree based on large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) showed that the bioluminescent species A. affine, A. catenella, A. fraterculus, A. mediterraneum, A. pacificum, and A. tamarense formed a large clade. However, the toxicity or mixotrophic capability of these species was split. Thus, their bioluminescence capability in this clade was more consistent than their toxicity or mixotrophic capability. Phylogenetic trees based on LSU rDNA and the luciferase gene of Alexandrium were consistent except for A. pohangense. The results of the present study can provide a basis for understanding the interspecific diversity in bioluminescence of Alexandrium.

• ALGAE
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.111-126
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• 2023

Mixotrophic dinoflagellates act as primary producers, prey, and predators in marine planktonic food webs, whereas exclusively autotrophic dinoflagellates are primary producers and prey. Species of the dinoflagellate genus Scrippsiella are commonly found in marine ecosystems and sometimes cause harmful red tides. Among the 28 formally described Scrippsiella species, S. acuminata has been found to be mixotrophic and two unidentified species have been found to be mixotrophic. To determine whether the other species in this genus are similarly mixotrophic, the mixotrophic ability of S. donghaiensis SDGJ1703, S. lachrymosa SLBS1703, S. masanensis SSMS0908, S. plana SSSH1009A, and S. ramonii VGO1053 was explored using 15 potential prey items, including 2-㎛ fluorescently labeled microspheres (FLM) and heterotrophic bacteria (FLB), the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp., and various microalgal prey species. The ability of S. acuminata to feed on FLM and FLB was also investigated. We found that S. donghaiensis, S. lachrymosa, S. masanensis, S. plana, and S. ramonii did not feed on any potential prey tested in this study, indicating a lack of mixotrophy. However, S. acuminata fed on both FLM and FLB, confirming its mixotrophic ability. These results lowered the proportion of mixotrophic species relative to the total number of tested Scrippsiella species for mixotrophy from 100% to 29-38%. Owing to its mixotrophic ability, S. acuminata occupies an ecological niche that is distinct from that of S. donghaiensis, S. lachrymosa, S. masanensis, S. plana, and S. ramonii.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.83.1-83
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• 2003

Rice seedling disease is one of major problems in water-seeded rice. This disease is known to be caused by several pathogen such as Pythium, Achlya, and Fusarium species. However, seedling disease of rice in water-seeded rice in Korea is not extensively studied. Pythium species have been isolated from Seosan, Yeoju, Icheon areas using Pythium selective media and their pathogenicity was investigated. All of the Pythium isolates showed strong pathogencity causing seedling emergence reduction in water-seeded rice. Seedling emergence was reduced to 0∼9％ at 10 days after inoculation of 23 Pythium isolates compared to 60％ of noninoculated control in a growth chamber. However, Fusarium species did not cause seedling emergence reduction in water-seeded rice. In contrast, when no water added into water agar or soil, the pathogen caused seedling rot two weeks after planting. These results indicate that Pythium species is a cause of seedling disease in water-seeded cultivation areas in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.230-234
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• 2011

While preparing a floristic study of Korean hepatics, we discovered the 4 unrecorded species Alobiellopsis parvifolius, Calypogeia japonica, Hattoria yakushimensis and Nardia subclavata. A. parvifolius is often confused with Solenostoma fusiforme (Steph.) Amak. in appearance, but the former differs by occasional presence of underleaves and a large hyaline outer cells of stem. C. japonica is similar to C. tosana (Steph.) Steph. The former, however, is separated from the latter by 2-3 biconcentric oil-bodies per cell compared to 3-5 grape oil-bodies per cell. H. yakushimensis is a monotypic genus based on a Japanese species. This genus is characterized by unlobed, closely imbricate leaves with margins distinctly incurved and usually pigmented with a reddish purple color. N. subclavata is similar to N. assamica (Mitt.) Amakawa in large underleaves and globular oil-bodies. The former, however, is separated from the latter by convex trigones versus concave trigones, smooth cuticles versus smooth to verrucose cuticles, and oil-bodies occurring in each cell versus occurring in approximately half or fewer leaf cells.