• 자원환경지질
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2005

선진국에서 강변여과수 개발은 150년 정도의 역사를 가지고 있다. 우리나라에서는 90년대에 강변여과수에 대한 조 사가 한강, 낙동강, 금강, 영산강, 섬진강 유역을 중심으로 시작되었다. 낙동강 하류는 지리적으로 상수원수인 표류수 의 수질이 상류지역보다 상대적으로 좋지 않은 지역이다. 본 연구에서는 낙동강 하류 창원시 대산면 낙동강 본류 하 안의 강변여과수 취수장 주변지역의 물수지분석과 지하수 모델링을 하였다. 물수지분석 결과, 강수량 1,251.32 mm에 대하여, 지표유출량은 153.49 mm, 증발산량은 723.95 mm, 기저유출량은 127.63 mm(강수량의 10.20%), 지하수 함양 량 245.26 mm(강수량의 19.68%)이다. 지하수모델링에 의하면, 강변여과수 취수시에 낙동강으로부터의 유입량은 취수 량의 65%, 배후지의 지하수 유입량은 13%, 낙동강에 평행하게 강변대수층의 동측과 서측으로부터 유입량은 22%이 다. 입자 추적 모델링에 의하면, 취수정을 중심으로 낙동강쪽으로부터 입자의 이동은 50일 만에 약 100 m이고, 배후 지로부터는 100일 만에 약 100 m인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.163.1-163.1
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• 2016

Lead halide perovskites CH3NH3PbX3 (X=Cl, Br, I) have received great interest in the past few years because of their excellent photoelectronic properties as well as their low-cost solution process. Their theoretical efficiency limit of the solar cell devices was predicted around 31% by a detailed balance model for the reason that exceptional light-harvesting and superior carrier transport properties. Additionally, these excellent properties contribute to the applications of optoelectronic devices such as LASERs, LEDs, and photodetectors. Since these devices are mainly using perovskite thin film, one of the most important factor to decide the efficiency of these applications is the quality of the film. Even though, optoelectrical devices are composed of polycrystalline thin film in general, not a single crystalline form which has longer carrier diffusion length and lower trap density. For these reasons, monodomain perovskite thin films have potential to elicit an optimized device efficiency. In this study, we analyzed the crystallography of the in-plane aligned perovskite thin film by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Also the basic optic properties of perovskites were checked using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectrum. From this work, the perovskite which is aligned in all directions both of out-of-plane and in-plane was fabricated and analyzed.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

Organic farming has rapidly increased in Gangwon province, but there is a concern about nutrient accumulation and nutrient imbalance in the soil of organic farming. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of continuous application of organic amendments on growth and yield of red pepper and soil characteristics compared with chemical fertilizers application for four years. Treatments of organic amendments including oil cake, rice straw compost, amino acid compost, rice bran compost, and mushroom media (spent substrate) compost resulted in comparable growth and yield of pepper to chemical fertilizers. Organic amendments improved soil physical and chemical characteristics. Especially, rice bran compost and oil cake significantly increased soil organic matter compared with chemical fertilizer application and mushroom media compost and rice straw compost significantly improved soil aggregate stability. On the other hand, available phosphate level in the soil amended with rice bran compost or mushroom media compost was relatively high compared with the other treatments due to relatively high phosphate levels in the composts. It is not easy to adjust nutrient composition in the organic materials. Therefore, the results obtained from the study imply that nutrient imbalance needs to be carefully considered in organic farming without use of chemical fertilizers.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2006

Panel line is an important process occupying the largest work amount in shipbuilding. In this research product simulation has been carried out to establish the optimal production scheduling. For this purpose a web-based panel line simulator was developed using an object modeling technology and C# language. The balance of work-load and increase in the productivity by the improvement of production facilities and process are the key factors for a good scheduling. In this study SPRT(Shortest Remaining Process Time) rule was applied for the work-load balancing and a good result achieved. To increase the productivity in the stiffener welding stage which is a bottleneck; process, more welding heads and higher welding speed were tested using the developed simulator. The simulation results showed that either more welding head or higher welding speed decreased the total work time. Use of both, however, deteriorated the productivity because of the bottleneck in the following stage. This result points out that the improvement of production facilities and/or process should be evaluated with their influences on the leading and following processing stage.

• BMB Reports
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2016

Several members of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily that these members activate caspase-8 from death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) in TNF ligand-receptor signal transduction have been identified. In the extrinsic pathway, apoptotic signal transduction is induced in death domain (DD) superfamily; it consists of a hexahelical bundle that contains 80 amino acids. The DD superfamily includes about 100 members that belong to four subfamilies: death domain (DD), caspase recruitment domain (CARD), pyrin domain (PYD), and death effector domain (DED). This superfamily contains key building blocks: with these blocks, multimeric complexes are formed through homotypic interactions. Furthermore, each DD-binding event occurs exclusively. The DD superfamily regulates the balance between death and survival of cells. In this study, the structures, functions, and unique features of DD superfamily members are compared with their complexes. By elucidating structural insights of DD superfamily members, we investigate the interaction mechanisms of DD domains; these domains are involved in TNF ligand-receptor signaling. These DD superfamily members play a pivotal role in the development of more specific treatments of cancer.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2018

PURPOSE: Despite the abundant literature available regarding the activity of intrinsic muscles, few studies have investigated the muscle activity of extrinsic muscles. Therefore, the present study compared the muscle activity of the peroneus longus, tibialis anterior, and abductor hallucis during short foot exercise in subjects with and without flat feet. METHODS: Twelve subjects with and without pes planus participated in this study. During the short foot exercises, muscular activity of the tibialis anterior, fibularis longus, and abductor hallucis longus were measured in both groups. To identify the effects of short foot exercises, navicular drop height was also investigated in pre and post short foot exercises. RESULTS: In a symptomatic group, the navicular drop height was significantly reduced at post measurement compared with pre-measurement. During the short foot exercise, the pes planus group showed significantly lower activities of the fibularis longus than the control group (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Similar to previous studies and clinical literature, short foot exercise was effective for alleviating navicular drop for a population with pes planus. In addition, subjects with pes planus showed decreased muscular activities of the fibularis longus, which suggests that considering extrinsic muscles such as fibularis longus is also important for rehabilitation of pes planus patients.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.280-280
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• 2013

Using both experimentaland theoretical methods, we have investigated the structural and electronic properties of self-assembled two-dimensional organic molecule (hexaaza-triphenylene-hexacarbonitrile, HATCN), which is used as an efficient OLED hole injection material, on Au(111) surfaces. Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) measurements revealed that self-assembled linear and hexagonal porous structures are formed at atomic steps and terraces of Au(111), respectively. We also found that the hexagonal porous structure have chirality and forms only small (＜1,000 nm2) phase-separated chiral domains that can easily change their chiral phase in subsequence STM images at 80 K. To explain these observations, we calculated the molecular-molecular and molecule-surface interaction energies by using first-principles density functional theory method. We found that the change of their chiral phase resulted from the competition between the two energies. These results have not only verified our experimental observations, but also revealed the delicate balance between different interactions that caused the self-assembed structures at the surface.

• 감성과학
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2019

Stroke is a health problem experienced by many elderly people around the world. Stroke has a devastating effect on quality of life, causing death or disability. Hemiplegia is clearly an early sign of a stroke and can be detected through patterns of body balance and gait. The goal of this study was to determine various feature vectors of foot pressure and gait parameters of patients with stroke through the use of a wearable sensor and to compare the gait parameters with those of healthy elderly people. To monitor the participants at all times, we used a simple measuring device rather than a medical device. We measured gait data of 220 healthy people older than 65 years of age and of 63 elderly patients who had experienced stroke less than 6 months earlier. The center of pressure and the acceleration during standing and gait-related tasks were recorded by a wearable insole sensor worn by the participants. Both the average acceleration and the maximum acceleration were significantly higher in the healthy participants (p < .01) than in the patients with stroke. Thus gait parameters are helpful for determining whether they are patients with stroke or normal elderly people.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2008

Some reverse fault lines pass through the alluvial fans and west hill slope of Bulguksa mountains including Mt. Toham in the directions of N-S and NW-SE. The study area is known as relatively unstable, because of active faults. Assuming the record of earthquake in the Samguksagi, the architects in the construction of the Bulguksa temple should have recognized the possibility of breakdown from the earthquakes and the need for an unique structure against at that time. Against earthquakes, Greavee technique, a stonework construction technique following woothe one and use of Chushouok (Dongtleouok or Chumchaouok) were applied for the construction of Bulguksa temple. By designing the foundation stone with hole, a structure is prevented from motiff Ction that pillarsakdcede from a foundation stone in spite of horizontal load of earthquake while woot construction isaktrong frame at earthquake. The Bulguksa-temple isausually evaluated to be a beautiful architecture from the appeaultces like the weight balltced structure with unique decoration. ampressive architectures are beautiful in balance and harmony coming from the important and specific rolls in its own way by each part of whole structure. This beauty comes from the science.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1152-1157
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• 1990

Colloid solution is commonly used to increase the oncotic pressures of priming solutions used in the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. To study the effectiveness of this practice, we retrospectively evaluated 24 patients undergoing cardiac operations to receive isoelectric solution plus 50 gm of albumin[group A], isoelectric solution plus 25 gm of albumin[group B] and isoelectric solution without albumin[group C] as the prime solution for the bypass circuit. Various clinical parameters related to the perioperative fluid balance, cardiopulmonary function, and renal function were studied. There were no differences between the three groups with regard to postoperative clinical parameter of cardiopulmonary, liver function and renal function. But at the previous report by Cho et al. [38], there was a significant difference between groups with regard to hematologic property, especially in crenated red blood cells. These hematologic events did not affect the clinical outcome but thorough evaluations are needed in order to prove the clinical effect of crenated red blood cell. We conclude that there is no clinically detectable advantage for the routinely supplementing of albumin to the priming solution of bypass circuit in cardiac operations. Whether this practice can be of value in selected cases needs to be further studied.