• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.71-83
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• 2016

This study attempted to analyze trends of structural changes in the front middle part of men's underwear and get basic data for the development of men's underwear patterns. In terms of a research method, the structure and pattern of the front middle part of men's underwear were analyzed by referring to the design and description of the drawing, focusing on men's underwear which targeted to isolate penis from scrotum among the 'men's underwear' or 'functional men's underwear'-related patents. According to the study, three topics were obtained as follows: a support attached to the inside of the front middle part; inner cloth attached to the inside of the front middle part; change in the structure of the front middle panel. The aspects by the specific topic targeted to isolate penis from scrotum and prevent the scrotum from adhered to a thigh are as follows: 1) When a support is attached to the inside of the front middle part, the following three methods are proposed: Penis isolated from scrotum by a rest which is designed using the band; penis and scrotum rested in the band and in a pocket respectively; protruded rest inside the front middle part of the underwear. 2) When an inner cloth is attached to the inside of the front middle part, the following methods are designed: A pocket-type inner cloth is attached; isolation of penis hole from the scrotum pocket using a rectangular separator; U-shaped pocket designed to rest penis and scrotum is attached. 3) Regarding change in the structure of the front middle panel, the integration of penis and scrotum resting parts can be divided into two cases: Securing a space using wrinkles; keeping it voluminous using the vertical line. In this all-in-one penis and scrotum-holding type, in addition, different front panel patterns were applied.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.212-216
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• 2007

Migration of a peritoneal catheter of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt into the scrotum is a rare complication. We treated a case of catheter migration in the scrotum. A 12-year old boy, who had had a ventriculoperitoneal shunt at the age of 4 months due to neonatal hydrocephalus, visited the outpatient clinic because of a right inguinal hernia. On physical examination, a firm mass was found in the left scrotum. Pelvic X-ray demonstrated a coiled catheter in the left scrotum. The catheter was successfully removed by exploring the left patent processus vaginalis after high ligation of the hernia sac. This case suggests a suction action of the patent processus vaginalis and the possibility of catheter migration long after shunt catheter insertion.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.114-117
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• 2001

1. Object: The primary purpose of this case study is to report that a Tae-Yin-In patients with sweaty scrotum and dysuria was treated with 'Chung sim youn ja tang' and then his symptom decreased 2. Subject: A male obese patient with sweaty scrotum and dysuria that visit Kirin oriental hospital to be treated for obesity 3. Method: The patient was to have a very low calory diet and to exercise for an hour daily and to take a Herb-medicine, 'Chung sim youn ja tang'. Change of his subjective symptom, sweaty scrotum and dysuria, was measured by VAS(Visual Analog Scale) 4. Result: A Tae-Yin-In patients with sweaty scrotum and dysuria was treated with 'Chung sim youn ja tang' and Change of his subjective symptom, sweaty scrotum and dysuria, was measured by VAS(Visual Analog Scale) then his symptom decreased. 5. Conclusion: 'Chung sim youn ja tang' may have an effect on Treatment of sweaty scrotum and dysuria. Further study is needed how to conclud 'disease pattern of constitution' accroding with co-symptom.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.231-240
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• 2015

Objective : This study is for providing data about men's functional sport underpants. It provides the fundamental data of biomechanics by measuring and analyzing the functionality of various underpants using infrared thermal image camera. Method : Then author drew a conclusion based on the final analysis of 965 questionnaire survey results about issues on men's functional sport underpants after discarding invalid questionnaires, as following. Change in body temperature while wearing functional underpants compared to general briefs or boxer pants showed lower temperature by approximately 1~2 degrees Celsius. In the case of general underpants, wearer sweats and feels hotter due to the friction of penis, scrotum and thigh. However functional sport functional underpants improved this issue with ergonomic 3D design by putting penis towards the lower part of the abdomen(below the navel) while putting the scrotum comfortably on the testicles, which enables to make room between the penis, scrotum and thigh of a wearer. Results : This was analyzed to lower the temperature of penis and scrotum. The survey results about the quality of functional underpants showed that 78% of the respondents felt comfortable while driving; 68.5% replied that frictional heat decreased while working out; 78.7% felt less sweat and humidity; 81.7% replied as highly wearable and comfortable; 77.1% replied functional sport underpants were the most comfortable in routine lives or in workout times. Putting all such results together, it is possible to conclude that functional sport is an excellent product. Conclusion : This can be evaluated as an excellent functional sport underpants, towards the penis abdomen (under the navel) in 3D human engineering design, by the scrotum to wearing to be easier to scrotum of pocket, the penis and scrotum and thighs were separated and analyzed with a function that will lower the body temperature of the penis and scrotum.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.899-902
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• 2011

Purpose: Lymphedema of the scrotum and penis is a functionally and emotionally incapacitating problem for patients. Patients suffer pain from swelling, chronic irritation, repeated infections, drainage, and sexual dysfunction. Although there are various methods for the treatment of scrotal and penial lymphedema, achieving a satisfactory reconstruction in severe cases still remains a challenge due to the lack of locally available tissue. Methods: A 33-year-old man sustained severe lymphedema of the scrotum and penis. He reported a history of swelling since 25 years, which had been intensified during the past few months. There was no history of irritation, surgery, trauma, infection or travel to endemic countries. The authors reconstructed the scrotum and penis using 4 scrotal flaps made by incising the enlarged scrotum crucially. Results: The postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathologic examination showed nonspecific chronic inflammation. The patient was followed up for 18 months and a good reconstructive result was obtained with no recurrence. Conclusion: The authors' method is safe and easy to perform. This method may be a convenient and reliable alternative for the treatment of severe lymphedema of the scrotum and penis.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.16-19
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• 2015

The authors had five cases of penoplasty from more than half of the scrotum to the suprapubic region using a fasciocutaneous radial forearm free flap (RFFF) after extensive excision of sclerosing lipogranuloma. Although the harvested RFFF was a rectangular shape, the authors made the shape of scrotum, penile shaft, and suprapubic region by using well designed geometry and several quilting sutures on junction of scrotum and penis. The contour of scrotum and penis was well maintained, and there were no complications, such as scrotal contracture, penile deformity, and erectile dysfunction during the one year follow up period in all five cases. There were no recurrent lesions and no need for further surgery.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.248-253
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• 2018

Radiation protection in the scrotum to reduce the risk of genetic effect in the future is very important. This study aimed to measure the scrotal dose outside the treatment fields by using the radio-photoluminescence glass dosimeter (RPLGD). The characteristics of RPLGD model GD-302M were studied. Scattered dose to scrotum was measured in one liposarcoma case with the prescribed dose of 60 Gy. RPLGDs were placed in three different locations: one RPLGD was positioned at the posterior area which closer to the scrotum, and the other two RPLGDs were placed between the penis and the scrotum. Three RPLGDs were employed in each location. The scattered doses were measured in every fraction during the whole course of treatment. The entire number of 100 RPLGDs showed the uniformity within ±2%. The signal from RPLGD demonstrated linear proportion to the radiation dose (r = 0.999). The relative energy response correction factor was 1.05. The average scrotal dose was 4.1 ± 0.9 cGy per fraction. The results presented a wide range since there was a high uncertainty during RPLGD placement. The total scrotal dose for the whole course of treatment was 101.9 cGy (1.7% of the prescribed dose). The RPLGD model GD-302M could be used to measure scattered dose after applying the relative energy correction factor.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.32-35
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• 2018

Acute idiopathic scrotal edema (AISE) is a self-limiting condition that is characterized by acute scrotal swelling and erythema. AISE is a very rare cause of acute scrotum, especially in neonates. We report a case of AISE in a 26-day-old infant who was admitted to the outpatient clinic with swelling and erythema of the penis and scrotum for a week. His vital signs were stable, and laboratory findings were non-specific. A diagnosis of AISE was made using scrotal ultrasonography with color Doppler. His symptoms resolved within four days after the onset of supportive treatment, and he was discharged from the hospital. In neonates with an acute scrotum, AISE should be considered to prevent unnecessary surgical exploration.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 2017

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that occurs predominantly in infants and young children. The etiology of KD is unknown and coronary heart disease is a major complication of KD. Acute scrotum is a rare complication of acute KD, and not as well recognized as other manifestations of the disease. We report a 2-month-old boy with acute scrotum in the acute phase of KD. He was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (total 2 g/kg) and aspirin (50 mg/kg/day). The treatment was effective in resolving his fever and other clinical symptoms, but 2 days after starting treatment he experienced scrotal swelling. Scrotal ultrasound and transillumination were used in the diagnosis of acute scrotum. After 2 months, a follow-up testicular ultrasound revealed a remission of the acute scrotum. Subsequently, he has been followed up for KD.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.222-227
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• 2007

A differential diagnosis between the true hermaphroditism (TH) and mixed gonadal dysgenesis (MGD) has important clinical implications for gender assignment and the decision for early gonadectomy; however, variable clinical and histological features frequently lead to the confusion of TH with MGD. A 17-month-old boy was presented with proximal hypospadias with chordee and right non-palpable testis in his scrotum. He also had right auricular anomaly including a separated tragus with skin tag. Left testis was well palpable in his left scrotum. Diagnostic right inguinal exploration showed Mullerian structures such as a gonad like an ovary and a fallopian tube with a uterus, which were removed. Repair of hypospadias and right auricular anomaly was also done. Following ultrasonography (USG) showed a normal looking testis in left scrotum. His chromosome was 45, XO/46, XY. We report a difficult case of mixed gonadal dysgenesis mimicking true hermaphroditism which combines ipsilateral congenital auricular anomaly.