• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.506-513
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• 2009

The Construction Industry Institute (CII) developed the Project Definition Rating Index (PDRI), as a part of their Front End Planning best practices, which helps project managers assess and measure project scope definition risk elements. U.S. Green Building Council are seeing the benefits of sustainable building and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certification by positively impacting life cycle costs, building marketability, and organizational productivity. However, there have been no efforts to integrate these two planning tools in construction industry. By applying a supplemental tool which combines the PDRI with the LEED rating system, construction industry can develop and implement a tailored instrument that leads to total project success in sustainability. The objective of this research is to assemble a new front end planning mechanism for green buildings by incorporating the current PDRI and LEED systems.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1000-1014
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• 2009

Research sponsored by the Korean Government investigated the establishment of a risk management process by Korean contractors involved with plant projects in the Middle East. This research effort builds upon the work completed by the Construction Industry Institute (CII), called the International Project Risk Assessment (IPRA) tool and method, and also explored how CII's Project Definition Rating Index (PDRI) could be incorporated to improve project planning by addressing risks and scope development issues. Specific findings and recommendations were developed including the creation of the Contractor Critical Areas of Concern (CCAC) risk screening tool for Korean contractors pursuing Middle East oil and gas projects.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2023

Objective : This study was aimed to reassess the scope of practice for medical personnel based on laws. Method : The law specifying the scope of practice for medical personnel has been selected searching Korean Law Information Center(https://www.law.gov.kr). The result was categorized as 'examination, diagnosis, treatment, procedure, prescription, and others'. Results : The laws related to medical procedures were divided into three categories: diagnosis, treatments, and public health and others. In the field of diagnosis, traditional Korean medicine practitioners are generally allowed to play a role. However, some laws specify that only medical doctors can be the primary authorities for diagnosing infectious diseases. In the area of treatments, particularly in emergency medical situations, only medical doctors or nurses are typically mentioned. There are debates in the field of public health and other areas concerning issues such as vaccination, disability diagnosis, and the qualifications for health center directors. A reevaluation is also needed for the Occupational Safety and Health Act, where only medical doctors are set as the personnel standard for workers' health examinations. Conclusion : To safeguard and promote the health of the citizens, there is a need for a clear definition of the licensure and scope of practice for healthcare professionals. Consistent interpretation of conflicting provisions among various laws and clear criteria for the term 'physician' in legal contexts are essential.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.121-133
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to suggest how to interpret the 'practice of Korean Medicine', differentiating it from 'medical practice'. Methods : I analyze the legislations and precedents regarding the practice of Korean Medicine. Results : The Korean Medicine and Pharmaceutics Promotion Act defines 'practice of Korean Medicine' and it clearly differentiates it from the definition of 'medical practice'. However, the scope of this definition is somewhat restricting and it can violate doctors of Korean Medicine's right to equality and their academic freedom. Thus, the application of this definition of the 'practice of Korean Medicine' should be limited to the field of research and development. Meanwhile, criteria of distinguishing 'practice of Korean Medicine' from 'medical practice', which used to make a sharp distinction between Medicine and Korean Medicine by rigorously applying their academic standards, are now focusing more on protecting and improving health of the people. Discussions & Conclusions : I suppose that the distinction between the 'practice of Korean Medicine' and 'medical practice' will be more focused on public health rather than the academic stance of those two medical fields. Meanwhile, in accordance with dualistic medical system, the mutual usage of medical equipment in the area of 'treatment' should be limited while it should be allowed in the area of 'diagnosis' if it satisfies requirements suggested by the Constitutional Court.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.19-28
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• 2009

Objectives : The lawsuits associated with medical practice in Korean medicine are increasing gradually. However, the clear definition for medical practice in Korean medicine has not been existed in Korean law. Only we may understand the concept regulated by judicial precedents of the court of justice or the authoritative interpretation by the government. Methods : For study, a database was established for medical lawsuits involving Korean medicine(1968~2009, n=130). Results : According to court rulings, the medical practice in Korean medicine is an act to diagnose a person's illness, prescribe and treat to cure based on traditional Korean medicine, to be understood as a medical care, to have some factor to create or increase danger for the preservation of health or hygiene, and to be practiced by medical specialists based on their professional knowledge. Conclusions : But, such definition is not proper and exceedingly vague. Besides medical circumstances Koreans Medicine are changing, and new precedent to the definition of the practice of medicine is establishing. Therefore the meaning and scope of the medical practice in Korean medicine should be modified and amended, reflecting these conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.231-254
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• 2001

As contemporary thesauri have become large and complex, it is increasingly difficult to assess the intended meaning of each one of the terms. Thereby the meaning of many descriptors seems to be very similar, and it is often not possible to distinguish among them and to identify the term correctly. Purpose of this article is to induce definitions of descriptors in thesaurus by specifying the characteristics of each concept, locating it in the domain and providing clear and prescriptive information on the meaning of each descriptor in the form of a standardized terminological definition. In this study, a small prototype thesaurus using definition of term in the field of information industry in Korean Standards has been developed. In this thesaurus definitions are written for each descriptor with the help of a proposed defining model and in accordance with defining rules borrowed from the field of terminology. In addition, elements of analyzed definition have been included in the relation structure of descriptors. It is revealed that terminological definition added to thesaurus may permit extraction of separate items of information from definitions for the representation of knowledge structures and makes it easier to confine the scope of descriptors to be included in thesaurus in a given subject field.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.08a
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• pp.59-67
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• 2021

The development of AI technology has brought about a big change in our lives. As AI's influence grows from life to society to the economy, the importance of education on AI and data is also growing. In particular, the OECD Education Research Report and various domestic information and curriculum studies address data literacy and present it as an essential competency. Looking at domestic and international studies, one can see that the definition of data literacy differs in its specific content and scope from researchers to researchers. Thus, the definition of major research related to data literacy was analyzed from various angles and derived from various angles. In key studies, Word2vec natural language processing methods, along with word frequency analysis used to define data literacy, are used to analyze semantic similarities and nominate them based on content elements of curriculum research to derive the definition of 'understanding and using data to process information'. Based on the definition of data literacy derived from this study, we hope that the contents will be revised and supplemented, and more research will be conducted to provide a good foundation for educational research that develops students' future capabilities.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06e
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• pp.129-132
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• 1998

A bond graph modeling approach which is equivalent to a finite element method is formulated in the case of the piezoelectric thickness vibrator. This formulation suggests a new definition of the generalized displacements for a continuous system as well as the piezoelectric thickness vibrator. The newly defined coordinates are illustrated to be easily interpreted physically and easily used in analysis of the system performance. The bond graph model offers the primary advantage of physical realizability and has a greater physical accuracy because of the use of multiport energic elements. While results are presented is general in scope and can be applied to arbitrary physical systems.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.3
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• pp.385-405
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• 2000

In the Present thesis, at temps were to study with the study on the terror with laser weapons. Chapter I which sets out purpose, scope and method. Chapter II concerns the general definition of laser weapons. Chapter III explain at length overview about development of laser weapons. Chapter IV suggest the terror with laser weapons and the counterplan against it. It is followed by concluding observation made in chapter V. To we operated security systems effectively, these need to be regulated according to a security measures organizations, laser facilities and equipments, laser plan and protective force, laser operations and so forth.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.15 no.6_2
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• pp.65-78
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• 2015

This paper aims to draw practical measures for the Protection of the Rights of the private security guards. The results of the analysis, and presents the legal definition if need be introduced for the protection of private security guards right, are as follows. First, it must be established in Private Security Act the basic provisions that assure the economic status of the private security guards. Secondly, there is a need to clearly define the scope of authority of private security guards. Third, there is a need to clarify the scope of physical force or power in the regulations relating to the duty of the private security guards. This provision during the "displayed its power", there is a possibility that is too arbitrary interpretation, it must be deleted. Fourth, it must be established by weighting penalties for assault of a private security guards. Finally, Private Security Act and the Petition Police Act has a difference in personality and the purpose of the enactment. So it is not desirable to be directly applied to private security guards the provisions that apply to the petition police.