• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2009

Keratin contains regulatory molecules that can enhance neuronal cell activity. We fabricated keratin/ PLGA films using 0, 10, 20, and 50 wt% of keratin using solvent casting method. We measured the contact angle of each film and cell proliferation was assayed by counting the cells attached on the film. Adhered cell morphology was confirmed by scanning electron microscope. RT-PCR was conducted to evaluate the gene expression of NF, NSE, and S-100, the Schwann cell markers. The keratin content of 20 and 50 wt% provided higher wettability than PLGA. The 20 wt% keratin was better in cell adhesion and proliferation of SCs than other keratin/PLGA films. The phenotypic stability of SC was maintained with the keratin content of 10 and 20 wt%.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-74
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• 2019

Schwannoma is a benign tumor rarely found in the head and neck and much less commonly found in the intraparotid facial nerve. It is a slow-growing encapsulated tumor originating from the Schwann cells or axonal nerve sheath. It can occur anywhere along the course of the facial nerve. Patients may present with symptoms of facial palsy, but the most common presenting symptom is an asymptomatic swelling. Diagnosis is usually difficult before surgical removal and histopathological examination. We report a rare case of intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma in a 57-year-old female who had sustained a mass of the right preauricular area for 3 years. She reported no pain or facial muscle weakness. Enhanced computed tomography findings revealed the impression of pleomorphic adenoma. However, intraoperative gross findings were not characteristic of pleomorphic adenoma, and a frozen biopsy was performed resulting in the impression of a nerve sheath tumor. We performed an extracapsular surgical excision without parotidectomy. Permanent histopathology and immunohistochemistry reports diagnosed the mass as schwannoma. There were no complications including facial palsy after surgery. No recurrence was found at 6 months after surgery.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2001

Granular cell tumor or also called Abrikossoff's tumor, is a rare benign tumor that can occur anywhere in the body. Granular cell tumor may single or multiple (synchronous or metachronous). Approximately half of all granular cell tumors occur in the head and neck. most commonly in the tongue. But granular cell tumors of the larynx are rare, accounting for only 7 to 10% of all reported cases. Laryngeal tumors are usually small and men are more frequently affected than women. The exact histogenesis is still not known but most recent data support the neurogenic Schwann cell origin. The preferred treatment is local excision using cold knife or laser. Radiation therapy is of little benefit. We report a case of granular cell tumor of the larynx which was confirmed by histopathology.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2008

It is recognized that Schwann cells (SC) are essential for peripheral nerve development and regeneration. SIS (small intestinal submucosa) consists of some growth factors which can stimulate cell activity without immune rejection responges. SCs were harvested from the femurs and tibias of female Fischer rat and then suspended with $2{\times}10^6$ cell/sponge in SIS sponge. Fischer rat received an implant consisting of the SCs and the SIS sponge at the place of a 5 mm gap created by the sciatic nerve resection. Thin sections were stained with H &E staining and immunostaining of S-100, GFAP and NF after 1, 2, and 4 weeks. It was observed that the effects of the SIS sponge with SCs on neuroinduction(Group II, with scaffold & cell) are strong as much as uninjured model(Control I), and significantly stronger than SIS sponge model (Group 1, with scaffold only) and blank model (Control II). In conclusion, these results suggest that SIS sponge filled with SCs may have an important role for peripheral nerve regeneration of tissue engineering.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1972.03a
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• pp.17.2-17
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• 1972

The group of tumors now generally termed Neurilemmoma or Schwanno ma was first described by Verocay, in 1908, and in 1910, he termed them "neurinoma". In 1935 Stout proposed the term neurilemmoma, believing that they arise from nerve sheath or Schwann's cells. Neurilemmoma is an encapsulated, solitary tumor arising in any nerves with Schwann's cell sheath. They may occur at any age and have no preponderance of sex and developing site, however, usually occur in the head and neck area in 25% of cases and have not shown metastasis and are radioresistant. Authors report 5 cases of neurilemmoma surgically surgically removed under the local and general anesthesia at ENT department of SNUH during the last 5 years, with review of the literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.239-247
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• 2005

This study demonstrated that xenogenic human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) could elicit the regeneration of the sensory nerve after axotomy in the adult rats infraorbital nerves without immunosuppression. For this, we evaluated the behavioral testing for functional recovery of the nerve and histological findings at weeks 3 and 5 compared to controls. Xenogenic hMSCs did not evoke any significant inflammatory or immunologic reaction after systemic and local administrations. HMSCs-treated rats exhibited significant improvement on sensory recovery tested with von Frey monofilaments. At 5 postoperative weeks, in the hMSCs treated nerve, expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), neurofilament (NF) at the site of axotomy was higher than control. And mRNA expression of neurotropin receptor Trk precursor (TrkPre), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) and neuropeptide (NPY) in trigeminal ganglion were also higher. The number of myelinated nerve at distal stump and cells in trigeminal ganglion were higher in hMSC treated rats. So it was supposed that transplanted MSCs contributed to reducing post-traumatic degeneration and production of neurotrophic factors. Immunofluorescence labeling showed small portion of hMSCs (<10%) expressed a phenotypic marker of Schwann cell (S-100). Xenogenic or allogenic mesenchymal stem cells might have immune privileged characteristics and useful tool for cell based nerve repair.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2006

Neurofascin, one of the members of L1CAM, has been known to have some important roles during the development of nerve fibers. In order to investigate the role of neurofascin associated with the myelination of peripheral nerves, the localization of neurofascin in myelinated rat sciatic nerve fibers was studied with the immuno-fluorescence and immune-electron microscopy and the results are as follows; 1. According to the myelination is going on, neurofascin localization was dramatically changed in the sciatic nerve fibers. 2. In the myelinated fibers, neurofascin was weakly localized along the axolemma at the node of Ranvier. 3. Neurofascin was also apparantly localized at the non-compact area of Schwann cell membrane such as paranodal loop, Schmidt-Lantermann incisure, inner & outer mesaxons in the myelinated fibers. From the above results, neurofascin is likely to have a role to sustain the ideal gap of apposing membranes of Schwann cell, so it may enable to materials transport in the myelin sheath.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.584-587
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• 2018

Many viruses including mouse hepatitis virus, corona, measles, and sidbis viruses are known as causative virus of inducing demyelination which means destruction of myelination in nervous system of mice. The purpose of this study is to investigate processing of myelination by co-culture of Schwann cells and neuronal cells and demyelination induced by infection of sindbis virusin rat. Schwann cells and neuronal cells from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in embryos (E16) of rat were cultured in vitro respectively. The purified neuronal cells with anti-mitotic agents and purified Schwann cells were co-cultured. After that, infection of sindbis virus into this myelinated co-culture system was performed. Myelination and demyelination process were observed using antibody of myelin basic protein meaning presence of myelination.We identified myelination and demyelination processing using antibody of peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP 22) meaning presence of myelinated neuron. This study was supported by the Basic Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2015R1C1A1A01053484 and 2017R1A2B3005753).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.126-144
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• 2012

Background : Peripheral nerves more rapidly recover than central nerves. However, it has been known that the degree of reaction of axons of peripheral nerves is affected by distinctive characteristics of axons and environmental factors near the axons. Taxol is a widely used medicine as for ovarian, breast, lung and gastric cancer. However it causes patients difficulties under treatment due to its toxic and side effects, which include persistent pain. Objectives : This study reviewed how SJT extract in vitro and in vivo affects nerve tissues of a sciatic nerve damaged by Taxol. It also studied how SJT extract in vivo affects axons of the sciatic nerve after the sciatic nerve was damaged by pressing. Methods : After vehicle, Taxol, and Taxol plus SJT were treated respectively for tissue of the sciatic nerve in vitro and then tissues were observed using Neurofilament 200, Hoechst, ${\beta}$-tubulin, $S100{\beta}$, caspase-3 and anti-cdc2. SJT was also oral medicated by injecting Taxol into the sciatic nerve of in vivo rats. Tissues of the sciatic nerve and axons of DRG sensory nerves were then observed using Neurofilament 200, Hoechst, ${\beta}$-tubulin, $S100{\beta}$, caspase-3 and p-Erk1/2. After inflicting pressing damage to the sciatic nerve of in vivo rats, tissues of the sciatic nerve and DRG sensory nerve were observed using Neurofilament 200, Hoechst, $S100{\beta}$, caspase-3, anti-cdc2, phospho-vimentin, ${\beta}1$-integrin, Dil reverse tracking and p-Erk1/2. Results : The group of in vitro Taxol plus SJT treatment had meaningful effects after sciatic nerve tissue was damaged by Taxol. The group of in vivo SJT treatment had effects of regenerating Schwann cells and axons which were damaged by Taxol treatment. The group of in vivo SJT had effects of regenerating axons in damaged areas after the sciatic nerve was damaged by pressing, and also had variations of distribution in Schwann cells at DRG sensory nerves and axons. Conclusions : This study confirmed that SJT treatment is effective for growth of axons in the sciatic nerve tissues and improvement of Schwann cells after axons of the sciatic nerve tissues was damaged. After tissues of sciatic nerve was damaged by pressing in vivo, SJT treatment had effects on promoting regeneration of axon in the damaged area and reactional capabilities in axons of DRG sensory nerves.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.126-142
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• 2013

Objectives: Previous reports have shown that Bogijetong-Tang (BJT) is effective in peripheral neuropathy induced by taxol and crush injury. In this study, we researched the effects of BJT on diabetic neuropathy induced by STZ in the mouse. Methods: We performed both in vitro and in vivo experiments to verify the effects of BJT on diabetic neuropathy induced by STZ in mice. Changes in axonal recovery were observed with immunofluorescence staining using NF-200, Hoechst33258, $S100{\beta}$, caspase 3 and anti-cdc2. Proliferation and degeneration of Schwann cells were investigated by immunofluorescence staining and western blot analyses. Results: BJT showed considerable effects on neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration in diabetic neuropathy. BJT contributed to the creation of NF-200, GAP-43, Cdc2, phospho-vimentin, ${\beta}1$, active ${\beta}1$, ${\beta}3$ integrin, phospho-Erk1/2 protein. Conclusions: Through this study, we found that BJT is effective for enhanced axonal regeneration via dynamic regulation of regeneration-associated proteins. Therefore, BJT had a pharmaceutical property enhancing recovery of peripheral nerves induced by diabetic neuropathy and could be a candidate for drug development after more research.