• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.3230-3253
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• 2017

Android malware steals users' private information, and embedded unsafe advertisement (ad) libraries, which execute unsafe code causing damage to users. The majority of such traffic is HTTP and is mixed with other normal traffic, which makes the detection of malware and unsafe ad libraries a challenging problem. To address this problem, this work describes a novel HTTP traffic flow mining approach to detect and categorize Android malware and unsafe ad library. This work designed AndroCollector, which can automatically execute the Android application (app) and collect the network traffic traces. From these traces, this work extracts HTTP traffic features along three important dimensions: quantitative, timing, and semantic and use these features for characterizing malware and unsafe ad libraries. Based on these HTTP traffic features, this work describes a supervised classification scheme for detecting malware and unsafe ad libraries. In addition, to help network operators, this work describes a fine-grained categorization method by generating fingerprints from HTTP request methods for each malware family and unsafe ad libraries. This work evaluated the scheme using HTTP traffic traces collected from 10778 Android apps. The experimental results show that the scheme can detect malware with 97% accuracy and unsafe ad libraries with 95% accuracy when tested on the popular third-party Android markets.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2018

Protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3) is a major member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family. PDI proteins commonly reside in the endoplasmic reticulum and mediate important thiol-disulfide interchanges during post-translational protein folding. Unlike other PDI family members, PDIA3 is ubiquitous in various organ systems. However, its physiological activity varies in other tissues. PDIA3 has been associated with cancer, airway inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic diseases. However, the mechanisms of the association of PDIA3 with these pathological conditions remain unclear. Recombinant PDIA3 (rPDIA3) is needed to clarify the interactions between PDIA3 and certain physiological phenomena. In the present study, we aimed to produce highly purified rPDIA3 for use in pathological experiments. We expressed rPDIA3 with a histidine-enriched elongated peptide tag in Escherichia coli and obtained rPDIA3 at 97.8% purity using consecutive His-tag and reverse-phase chromatography. Elongated peptide tags screened from artificially designated library had dual functions for protein expression and simple purification.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.16-35
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• 2013

Relevance has a long history of scholarly investigation and discussion in information science. One of its notable concepts is that of 'user-based' relevance. The purpose of this study is to examine how users construct their perspective on the concept of relevance; to analyze what the constituent elements (facets) of relevance are, in terms of core-periphery status; and to compare the difference of constructions of two groups of users (information users vs. information professionals) as applied with a social representations theory perspective. Data were collected from 244 information users and 123 information professionals through use of a free word association method. Three methods were employed to analyze data: (1) content analysis was used to elicit 26 categories (facets) of the concept of relevance; (2) structural analysis of social representations was used to determine the core-periphery status of those facets in terms of coreness, sum of similarity, and weighted frequency; and, (3) maximum tree analysis was used to present and compare the differences between the two groups. Elicited categories in this study overlap with the ones from previous relevance studies, while the findings of a core-periphery analysis show that Topicality, User-needs, Reliability/Credibility, and Importance are configured as core concepts for the information user group, while Topicality, User-needs, Reliability/Credibility, and Currency are core concepts for the information professional group. Differences between the social representations of relevance revealed that Topicality was similar to User-needs and to Importance. Author is closely related to Title while Reliability/Credibility is linked with Currency. Easiness/Clarity is similar to Accuracy. Overall, information users and professionals function with a similar social collective of shared meanings for the concept of relevance. The overall findings identify the core and periphery concepts of relevance and their relationships in terms of coreness, similarity, and weighted frequency.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2017

Objectives: This review aims to report the efficacy of Oriental herbal medicine for Female Idiopathic Precocious Puberty Methods: We searched clinical study about precocious puberty from Pubmed, OASIS, Korea Traditional Knowledge Portal and National Assembly Library up to July 2017. Results: Four case reports have been identified. Six cases in total were found. And in the four cases where estradiol (E2) levels were above the normal levels in pre-treatment, the figures dropped to the normal levels in post-treatment. In the three cases with breast development and breast pain in pre-treatment, symptoms improved after the treatment. And, the sustained growth of height was reported in the four cases with the treatment duration of 30 days or more. Conclusions: It has been identified that oriental medicine assisted improvements of hormone levels and breast pain and growth of height on patients with precocious puberty, yet more case reports and well-designed studies would be necessary to guide better oriental herbal medicine treatment of precocious puberty.

• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.361-375
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• 2018

We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of long-acting injectable (LAI) and oral second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in treating schizophrenia by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, as well as five Korean databases, were systemically searched to identify studies published from 2000 to 16 April 2015, which compared the efficacy and safety of LAI and oral SGAs. Using data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses were conducted. In addition, the GRADE (the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach was applied to explicitly assess the quality of the evidence. A total of 30 studies including 17 RCTs and 13 observational studies were selected. The group treated with LAI SGAs was characterized by significantly lower relapse rates, longer times to relapse and fewer hospital days, but also by a higher occurrence of extrapyramidal syndrome and prolactin-related symptoms than that in the group treated with oral SGAs. Our findings demonstrate that there is moderate to high level of evidence suggesting that in the treatment of schizophrenia, LAI SGAs have higher efficacy and are associated with higher rates of extrapyramidal syndrome and prolactin-related symptoms. Additionally, the use of LAI SGAs should be combined with appropriate measures to reduce dopamine $D_2$ antagonism-related symptoms.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.515-524
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 ADHD 진단을 해주는 전문가시스템을 설계 및 구현한다. DSM-IV-TR을 이용하여 ADHD 진단기준을 연령대에 따라 단어를 바꾸어 구체화한다. 이 진단지를 가지고 오브젝트와 해당 값을 설정하고 규칙을 생성한다. 그리고 'ADHD 진단 시스템 엔진'과 '사용자 질의응답 프로그램'으로 구성된 진단시스템을 설계한다. 'ADHD 진단 시스템 엔진'은 규칙 기반 추론 엔진으로 Prolog 언어로 구현하여, INPUT을 '사용자 질의응답 프로그램'으로부터 받는다. INPUT에 의해 규칙은 ADHD 진단기준을 기반으로 점화되며 진단결과를 추론해서 OUTPUT을 다시 '사용자 질의응답 프로그램'으로 보낸다. '사용자 질의응답 프로그램'은 Python 언어로 구현하여 사용자와의 대화를 처리하는 인터페이스 역할을 한다. 'ADHD 진단 시스템 엔진'과 '사용자 질의응답 프로그램'의 중간다리 역할을 Pyswip 라이브러리를 통해서 수행한다. 결과적으로 ADHD 진단 전문가시스템을 통해 진단비용 절감과 간편한 이용으로 치료계획에 도움을 주고자한다.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.213-230
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• 2020

지금까지 학교 교육은 교육 예산 및 시설, 프로그램 등이 다양하게 투입되었지만 그 성과 평가는 명확하게 이루어지지 못했다. 본 연구는 전국 고등학교에서 학생들을 위한 교육 지원의 효율성을 분석하는 모델을 제시하였다. 학생 교육지원이 비슷한 학교의 운영 효율성을 분석하기 위하여 1차적으로 EM 군집분석을 수행한 후, 군집별로 상대적 효율성을 Network DEA를 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 Network DEA는 학교 인프라 측면의 6개 투입요소, 1차적 산출 요소인 학업지속자, 학교 프로그램 측면의 10개 2차 투입 요소, 2차적 산출 요소인 진학자와 취업자, 연결 변수인 1인당도서관이용률을 고려하여 분석하였다. 효율성 분석 결과를 기반으로 벤치마킹할 대상을 선정하기 위해 유클리드 거리 계산방법을 적용하여 Tier분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 전국의 일반계고등학교와 직업계고등학교에서의 학생 교육지원 데이터를 수집하여 교육 지원의 효율성을 분석하는 모델을 적용하였다. 단계적 벤치마킹방안은 벤치마킹 대상 선택의 문제점을 보완하기 위해 비효율적인 학교의 요소를 고려하여 단계적으로 효율성 개선 대상을 선정하도록 제안하였다. 학생 교육지원 효율성이 낮은 학교가 학생 교육지원의 효율적 운영을 위한 단계적 벤치마킹을 하는데 기초적 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.22-34
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• 2016

Purpose: Gingival recession is a major esthetic concern and may lead to root sensitivity during periodontal treatment. Coronally advanced flaps (CAFs) with and without acellular dermal matrix (ADM) are widely used in root coverage procedures. The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of CAF in combination with ADM in the treatment of gingival recession. Methods: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Embase were used to identify relevant articles. The articles were screened, data were extracted, and the quality of the studies was assessed by three reviewers with expertise in clinical practice, trials, statistics, and biomedical editing. The clinical endpoints of interest included changes in recession, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and keratinized tissue (KT). Results: Ten randomized controlled trials were identified, including six studies that compared CAFs with ADM and CAFs using connective tissue grafting (CTG) and four studies that compared CAFs with or without ADM. No statistically significant differences were found between the use of ADM and CTG, whereas statistically significant differences were found between groups in which ADM and CAF were combined and groups that underwent CAF alone with regard to recession coverage, CAL, and KT. The combination of CAF with an ADM allograft achieved more favorable recession coverage and recovery of CAL and KT than CAF alone. Conclusions: The results from the ADM and CTG groups suggest that both procedures may be equally effective in clinical practice. Given the limitations of this study, further investigation is needed to clarify the effectiveness of ADM and CAF in clinical practice.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.183-205
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• 2021

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effectiveness of maxillary stabilization splint (SS) therapy to reduce headache (HA) intensity and HA frequency in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)-HA comorbidity. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using full-arch coverage, hard resin, and maxillary SS therapy were included. Electronic databases, including Cochrane Library, MEDLINE through PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, were searched. The risk of bias was analyzed based on Cochrane's handbook. The search yielded 247 references up to January 28, 2020. Nine RCTs were included at a high risk of bias. The comparison groups included other splints, counseling, jaw exercises, medications, neurologic treatment, and occlusal equilibration. Four studies reported a statistically significant reduction in HA intensity, and five studies reported significant improvement in HA frequency from baseline at 2-12 months in patients with TMD-HA comorbidity treated with a full-arch hard maxillary SS. HA frequency in tension-type HA (TTH) comorbid with TMD diagnoses of myofascial pain (MFP) or capsulitis/synovitis improved significantly with SS than that with full-arch maxillary non-occluding splint (NOS) in two studies. Comparison groups receiving hard partial-arch maxillary splint nociceptive trigeminal inhibition (NTI) showed statistically significant improvements in HA intensity in patients with mixed TMD phenotypes of MFP and disc displacement comorbid with "general HA." Comparison groups receiving partial-arch maxillary resilient/soft splint (Relax) showed significant improvements in both HA intensity and frequency in patients with HA concomitant with MFP. The meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the improvement of pain intensity at 2-3 months with comparison of the splints (partial-arch soft [Relax], hard [NTI], and full-arch NOS) or splint use compliance at 6-12 months with comparison of the splints (partial-arch Relax and full-arch NOS) versus the SS groups in patients with various TMD-HA comorbidities. In conclusion, although SS therapy showed a statistically significant decrease in HA intensity and HA frequency when reported, the evidence quality was low due to the high bias risk and small sample size. Therefore, further studies are required.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.323-338
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• 2022

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic oral disorder of unknown etiology which presents therapeutic challenges. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has been studied as a potential treatment for BMS. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of ALA compared to that of placebo or other interventions in individuals with BMS. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) using ALA to treat BMS were identified from MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to February 3, 2021. The assessment of the risk of bias in the included studies was based on the Cochrane guidelines. The primary outcome evaluated was the visual analog scale (VAS) pain intensity. ALA was compared with placebo, clonazepam, gabapentin, pregabalin, ALA plus gabapentin, capsaicin, Biotène^®, and laser therapy. Altogether, 137 records were scanned for inclusion/exclusion, and nine RCTs (two unclear and seven at high risk of bias) were included in the qualitative and quantitative analyses, with a total of 594 patients with BMS included in this review. All studies reported an improvement in VAS pain scores ranging from -0.72 to -2.77. Meta-analysis results showed a non-significant reduction in pain intensity for ALA (P = 0.616) compared to that of placebo on a VAS of 0-10. Patients taking ALA were 1.923 times more likely to show an improvement in self-reported BMS symptoms (P = 0.031) than those in the placebo group. Clonazepam and pregabalin showed a significant VAS pain reduction of 4.08 and 4.68 (P < 0.001), respectively, compared to that with ALA. Although ALA intervention provided a non-significant improvement in the pain score and was more likely to produce a reduction in BMS symptoms, the evidence was of low quality. Further research is needed to establish clear guidelines for the use of ALA for BMS treatment.