• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2012

In this study, the antioxidative effect and protective potential against oxidative damage of extract and fractions from broccoli were investigated under in vitro and cellular system. The methanol (MeOH) extracts of broccoli flowers and sprouts were partitioned as dichloromethane, n-butanol (BuOH) and aqueous fractions. The comparison of antioxidative effect of broccoli flowers and sprouts showed that broccoli sprouts exerted the more effective protective activity from 2,2'-azobis (2-aminopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative stress in LLC-$PK_1$ porcine renal epithelial cell. In addition, the extract and fractions from broccoli sprouts showed strong scavenging effect of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and the BuOH fraction exerted the strongest activity. Therefore, the BuOH fraction was evaluated as the most active fraction with strong radical scavenging activity among the fractions of broccoli flowers and sprouts. The present study suggests the antioxidative potential against free radical-induced oxidative damage of flowers and sprouts of broccoli. In addition, the BuOH fraction of broccoli is considered as the active fraction with antioxidative effect.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.631-638
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• 2015

In Korea, yam with thermal treatment is widely used to produce tea and beverage, which appeals to all age groups. To better understand the antioxidative activity of thermal treatment yam (Dioscorea batatas $D_{ECNE.}$), n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated with different antioxidant testing system. Their antioxidant activities, including ABTS [2,2' -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt] radical scavenging activity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and ferric reducing antioxidant power as well as total phenol contents were assessed in vitro. Results showed ethyl acetate extract ($51.63{\pm}2.51mg\;CAE/g$) possessed similar total phenol content compared with n-butanol extract ($53.93{\pm}1.00mg\;CAE/g$). Ethyl acetate extract also exhibited similarly stronger antioxidant activity compared with n-butanol extract apart from ABTS radical scavenging activity assay.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.169-176
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• 1994

Screening was performed on edible natural sources to examine superoxide radical scavenging activities by using the method of superoxide dismutase assay. Among 47 kinds of samples, the extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris showed a potent superoxide radical scavenging activity of 11.6 unit / mg solid and was selected for further studies. In order to select optimal extraction solvent system, Cappella bursa-pastoris was extracted with various solvents and the electron donating abilities and inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid were measured. Among them, the ethanol extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris possessed the highest level of activities. The ethanol extract of Cappella bursa-pastoris was found to have an inhibitory effect on autoxidation of soybean oil at 5$0^{\circ}C$ from peroxide value, conjugated diene value and refractive index. In the soybean oil containing 0.2% of ethanol extract, induction period was increased 2 times in comparison with control.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.753-758
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activity of paprika in the lard-pork model system adding ground fresh paprika (3%) and paprika powders (5%). Paprika powders were obtained through 4 drying methods (freeze, vacuum, far infrared-ray, and hot-air). In the lard and meat-fat mixture (containing lard 30%) containing paprika powders, the rate of increase in the peroxide value (POV) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value decreased notably during the refrigerated storage ($4^{\circ}C$) compared to the control without paprika. Therefore, paprika powders showed potent antioxidant activity and especially the freeze dried paprika powder revealed the most effective activity among them. However, its antioxidant activity was still lower than that of the fresh paprika because the addition of fresh paprika in the lard and meat-fat mixture merely increased the POV and TBA value. In linoleic acid oxidation, the addition of capsanthin 500 ppm to mixed linoleic acid and 10 ppm of $FeCl_3$ (LF) inhibited the formation of peroxides by 15.2% compared to LF, showing its iron scavenging ability. When mixed antioxidants (${\beta}$-carotene 200 ppm + ascorbic acid 100 ppm, capsanthin 200 ppm + ascorbic acid 100 ppm) were added in LF, synergistic effects were obtained with 57.7 and 60.4% of inhibition of peroxide formation, respectively.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2014

Objectives : In this study, the antioxidant activities of the 80% ethanol and hot water extracts of Euphorbia supina Rafinesque were investigated. Methods : We measured total phenol contents, flavonoid contents, 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. The production of reactive oxygen species was measured in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells using flow cytometry system. Results : The content of phenol in the hot water extract was $65.529{\pm}0.462mg/g$ and $126.932{\pm}1.894mg/g$ in the 80% ethanol extract, and that of flavonoid in the hot water extract was $16.063{\pm}0.471mg/g$ and $29.159{\pm}1.963mg/g$ in the ethanol extract. The 80% ethanol extract also showed higher DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities ($90.8{\pm}1.0%$ and $92.5{\pm}0.7%$) than the hot water extract ($81.5{\pm}0.5%$ and $91.5{\pm}0.2%$). The production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) was reduced dose-dependently by 80% ethanol and hot water extract at concentration of 1, 10 and $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion : According to these results, the 80% ethanol extract of Euphorbia supina Rafinesque has a good anti-oxidative effects than the hot water extract. Thus, the 80% ethanol extract of Euphorbia supina Rafinesque may serve as useful natural antioxidants.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.814-822
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• 2011

We studied the antioxidant activities and quality characteristics of gelatin jelly prepared with different amounts (0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75%) of Rehmannia Radix Preparata (RRP) concentrate. The moisture content of the control group was 61.62%, and the acidity and pH were 3.68 and 1.96%, respectively. The reducing sugar content of the jellies ranged from 10.83% to 13.1% (from 35.0 $^{\circ}Brix$ to 37.0 $^{\circ}Brix$). The acidity of the control group was the lowest, followed in order by the 0.25% RRP, 0.50% RRP, and 0.75% RRP groups. The lightness, redness, and yellowness of the Hunter color system decreased with increasing RRP concentrate, whereas the hardness, cohesiveness, and springiness increased with increasing concentrate. The total phenol content was the highest in 0.75%. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging were the highest with the 0.75% group ($IC_{50}$ value of DPPH radical scavenging activity: 85.42 mg/mL for 0.75%, 484.25 mg/mL for control; $IC_{50}$ value of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity: 54.42 mg/mL for 0.75%, 135.54 mg/mL for control). The sensory evaluation results showed that overall preference and texture were the highest in the 5% addition group. From these results, it was suggested that the optimum amount of RRP concentrate to add to jelly is 0.50%.

• 생약학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2013

We investigated the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts from Korean folk plants (MKs) in Chungcheong Province. Among 30 MKs, 16 plants at $100{\mu}g/ml$ showed over 90% scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) and 30 plants exerted the hydroxyl radical scavenging effect over 55%. Fourteen plants at the concentration $50{\mu}g/30{\mu}l$ showed strong microbial inhibition activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with clear zone greater than 11 mm in disc assays. Furthermore, the protective effect against anti-inflammatory system using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell was also studied. The treatment of LPS & INF-${\gamma}$ to RAW 264.7 cell induced nitric oxide (NO), however inhibit the formation of NO less than 50% of 5 plants. The present result indicates that the 30 species of MKs exerts protective effect of oxidative stress, antimicrobial activities and anti-inflammatory. In particular, Rhus javanica and Cornus controversa showed stronger effect on not only radical scavenging activity and inhibits growth of S. aureus but also highest protective effects from inflammation.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권2호통권149호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2007

Activated microglia by neuronal injury or inflammatory stimulation overproduce nitric oxide (NO) by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion, resulting in neurodegenerative diseases. The toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO$^-$), the reaction product of NO and superoxide anion further contributes to oxidative neurotoxicity. We tried to evaluate the effects of two kinds of varieties of Perilla frutescens var japnica Hara on the NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglia. The perilla cultivars of Namcheondeulkkae (NC) and Boradeulkkae (BR) were developed by pure line from the local variety and by a cross between 'deulkkae' and 'chajogi', respectively. Spirit, hexane, chloroform and butanol fractions of the leaves of NC and BR inhibited the production of NO in LPS-activated microglia. The fractions of BR showed stronger activity than NC and the spirit extracts was the most potent in both cultivars. The solvent fractions of BR suppressed the expression of protein and mRNA of iNOS in LPS-activated microglial cells. Moreover, the extracts of NC and BR showed the activity of peroxynitrite scavenging in cell free bioassay system. These results imply that Namcheondeulkkae and Boradeulkkae might have neuroprotective activity through the inhibition of NO production by activated microglial cells and peroxynitrite scavenging activity.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2011

Topical natural antioxidants are a useful strategy for the prevention of oxidative stress mediated cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis. From the viewpoint of this underlying principle, the screening of natural plant extracts with scavenging activity for pro-oxidant reactive species is a primary requirement for the development of new topical antioxidant formulations. Euryale ferox Salisbury (EF) is botanical name and it's pharmaceutical name is EURYALES SEMEN (ES). The stems and branchs of EF have been used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of dysentery, diarrhea, leucorrhoea, incontinence and paralysis of joint. In this study, the antioxidant activity of extract from EF was studied in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activity by TEAC and DPPH, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$-induced human LDL oxidation. The EF extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity, as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation. In conclusion, the EF extracts have antioxidative effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drug against oxidative stress and chronic degenerative disease such as atherosclerosis.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2002

감귤류(자몽. 레몬, 금귤, 밀감 및 오렌지)를 착즙하여 얻은 쥬스를 rep-pak $C_{18}$ cartridge를 사용하여 as-corbate 및 phenolic 획분으로 분리한 다음 pH를 달리한 in vitro 반응계에서 아질산염 소거 및 N-nitroso-dimenthylamine(NDMA) 생성 억제 효과를 분석하였다. 감귤류 쥬스ascorbate 획분의 아질산염 소거능은 5ml 첨가시 pH 2.5에서 79.9~98.6%, pH 4.2에서 48.5~86.3%였으나, pH 6.0에서는 35.2% 이하였다. Phenolic 획분은 ascorbate 획분에 비해 높은 소거능을 보였으며 특히 pH 6.0에서는 ascorbate 획분에 비해 2배 이상의 높은 소거능을 나타내었다. NDMA 생성억제 효과는 phenolic 획분의 첨가시에 월등히 뛰어나 PH 2.5의 반 응용액에 금귤, 밀감 및 오렌지쥬스의 phenolic 획분을 첨가했을 때 92.8% 이상이었으나, ascorbate 획분이 첨가된 경우에는 NDMA 생성억제 효과를 거의 나타내지 못하였다. 따라서 감귤류 쥬스의 NDMA생성억제와 관련된 주된 인자는 pheno 화합물인 것으로 사료된다.