• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.76-84
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• 1996

The nozzle geometry and up-stream inject ion condition affect the characteristics of flow inside the nozzle. such as turbulence and cavitation bubbles. Flow details in fuel nozzle orifice with sudden contraction of cross sectional area have been investigated both experimentally and numerically. The measurements of velocities of internal flow in a scaled-up nozzle with different length to diameter rat io(L/d) were made by laser Doppler velocimetry in order to clarify the effect of internal flow on the characteristics of fuel spray. Mean and fluctuating velocities and discharge coefficients were obtained at various Reynolds numbers. The turbulent intensity and turbulence kinetic energy in a sharp inlet nozzle were higher than that in a round inlet nozzle. Calculations were also performed for the same nozzles as scaled-up experimental nozzles using the SIMPLE algorithm. External spray behavior under different nozzle geometry and up-stream flow conditions using Doppler technique and visualization technique were also observed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.199-210
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• 1996

The measurements of velocities of internal flow in a scaled-up nozzle were made by laser Doppler velocimetry in order to clarify the effect of internal flow on the characteristics of fuel spray. The investigated length to diameter ratio(L/d) of the orifice were 1, 3, 4, 5 and 8, and inlet radius to diameter ratio(r0/d) were 0 and 0.5. Mean and fluctuating velocities and discharge coefficients were obtained at various Reynolds number ranging between 15,000 and 28,000, and L/d ranging between 1 and 8 in sharp and round inlet nozzle. The turbulent intensity and turbulent kinetic energy at exit in a sharp inlet nozzle were higher than that in a round inlet nozzle. For sharp inlet nozzle, fluctuating velocities near exit were decreased with increasing L/d.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.49-56
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• 1999

The effects of the internal flow in a D.I. Diesel injection nozzle on the atomization of a spray were analyzed experimentally. Flow visualization studies were made using a transparent acrylic model nozzle as a diesel nozzle . Water instead of disel fuel was used as the injection liquid. The geometry of the model nozzle was scaled up 10 times of the actual nozzle and the injection pressure for the model nozzle was adjusted so as to achieve a Reynolds number at the discharge hole that was the same as the actual nozzle. Experimental results show that when the needle lift was small, the high turbulence in the sac chamber generated by the high velocity seat flow made the spread angle of the spray plume large. Cavitation, which arose from the sac chamber, makes the spread angle of the spray plume large but the discharge coefficient small.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2000

The effects of the internal flow in a diesel injection nozzle on the atomization of the spray has been investigated experimentally. Flow visualization was made using a transparent acrylic model nozzle. And also, measurement of the sac chamber pressure was made for clartfying the effect of pressure fluctuation in the sac chamber on the wpray behaviors. The geometry of the model nozzle was scaled up 10 times of the actual nozzle and the injection pressure for the model nozzle was adjusted so as to achieve a Reynolds number at the discharge hole which was the same as the actual nozzle. Polystyrene tracers, a laser sheet light and a still/high speed video camera were used to visualize the flow pattern in the sac chamber. When the needle lift was small, the high turbulence in the sac chamber generated by the high velocity seat flow made the spread angle of the spray large. Cavitation which arose in the sky chamber induced the pressure fluctuation and then affects the spread angle of the spray.