• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2020

Purpose: This research aims to verify the role of mobile shopping attributes, trustworthiness, and cultural dimensions on mobile shopping intentions in Saudi Arabia. The originality of the model stems from the verification of the moderating impact of cultural variables, namely collectivism and masculinity, and from the integration of trustworthiness as a variable depending on mobile shopping attributes. Research design, data and methodology: A survey was distributed to 233 consumers with different nationalities living in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis were carried out to verify the conceptual model and the moderating variables. Results: The findings support the influence of several innovation attributes, namely complexity and trialability on behavioral intentions, while relative advantage has a direct impact on trustworthiness. A few paths are moderated by masculinity and collectivism. Conclusions: Culture and mobile commerce attributes need to be thought out by managers as factors influencing mobile commerce segmentation for expatriates and locals. Trustworthiness is also a key factor of mobile shopping adoption. Limitations and future research ideas are presented to enrich the proposed model and improve its predictive validity.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.397-403
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• 2022

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is widely adopted among enterprises and organizations. In recent years, researchers have become increasingly interested in factors related to ERP implementation success. In this paper, top management members, IT professionals, and end-users were interviewed in the study. The study used Hofstede's main cultural dimensions as a theoretical framework to identify cultural characteristics and their influence on ERP implementation within public organizations in Saudi Arabia. The study followed a qualitative methodology approach to carry on the study to investigate the national culture characteristics in Saudi Arabia that may influence ERP implementation success. The study found some culturally related factors that could influence success in ERP implantation projects in Saudi Arabia..

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.208-216
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• 2022

In Saudi Arabia, female students tend to struggle with the basics of computer programming, especially coding. To better understand why female students sometimes perform poorly in this discipline, this qualitative study aims to obtain the views of female computer programming teachers at a Saudi university on using mobile learning (m-learning) methods in computer programming lectures. Ten teachers from the all-female Aljouf University were interviewed to assess their perceptions of m-learning, in particular, the usefulness of ViLLE visualisation software. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Most interview responses about m-learning and ViLLE were positive, although there were some notable negative responses. The Saudi culture-related responses were evenly divided between positive and negative, reflecting the culture's limitations.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.454-458
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• 2015

A number of practices for sharing knowledge has been recommended in the literature. These practices, however, are considered to be applicable, universally. This assumption is challenged by this paper which empirically explores the relationship between national culture and knowledge sharing practices in the context of procuring educational buildings in Saudi Arabia. The paper reports on a research study with the aim to identify whether national culture dimensions could be significant variables that impact upon staff preferences in relation to project knowledge sharing practices. The paper critically reviews the literature to identify appropriate measures for knowledge sharing practices. It explores the means by which public sectors professional exchange project knowledge; evaluates policies and level of technical support needed to facilitate knowledge sharing, then proceeds to how employees perceive the benefits they will gain by practicing project knowledge sharing, and their role in this process. The paper tests the relationships among the research constructs based on data collected from 115 project managers responsible for the procurement of educational buildings in Saudi Arabia. The paper provides empirical evidence that the national culture has a significant influence on staff preferences. In light of the research findings the paper concludes with practical recommendations for project knowledge sharing practices that are in line with staff preferences and their cultural orientation. The recommendations should facilitate a more effective application of knowledge sharing practices.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.491-495
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• 2015

This paper aims to provide some unique insights into the verification of organisational innovation diffusion through empirically identifying the major factors determining the level of organisational innovation diffusion. The paper presents a two-stage sequential mixed method analysis: structural equation modelling analysis and regression analysis. A questionnaire survey was administrated to a sample of 223 organisations operating in Saudi Arabia. The results suggest that participative culture and, technology availability and implementation would intensify organisational climate for innovation. The results revealed compelling evidence in support of the moderating role of technology on the relationship between country socio-culture and organisational climate for innovation. Equally important, organisational innovation characteristics could play a crucial role in the intention to adopt a particular innovation. Specifically, maintaining Saudi Arabian top management's status quo is an obstacle to organisational innovation diffusion. This paper expands and improves upon the current understanding of how organisational innovation diffusion, in particular the Project Management Office (PMO), can be accelerated. By focusing on the critical factors within the conceptual model, the paper depicts the crucial role of certain factors that could leverage improved organisational innovation diffusion outcomes.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.43-66
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• 2019

Home-based business (HBB) is one of the fastest growing form of business start-ups where the business is conducted from home. In develop economies, the HBB industry is an engine for economic growth that has proven its viability through significant contribution to the national GDP. In view of its importance, the Saudi Ministry of Commerce and Industry encourage local women to start and develop their own HBB as it gives them the flexibility while still contributing to the national economy. Although various initiatives have been taken place, little information is available about Saudi HBB. This study therefore aims to determine the factors that contribute to the growth as well as the challenges of female HBB in Saudi Arabia. The study was based on qualitative approach which adopted an in-depth interview with eleven Saudi females who run HBB. The findings revealed that HBB contributing factors comprised of access to funding, sufficiency of savings and the influence of the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in starting the business. Meanwhile, the obstacles are government regulations and policies, culture, and home design. The study recommendations include improving banks and service institution policy and procedures to enable HBB to have access to funding and services and to develop legal policies to protect the right of the HBB operator and customers. Finally, the study also suggests future research on managerial factors that can contribute to HBB female success, the stress coping mechanism of HBB and the factors contributing to the difference between HBB in growth strategies.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

Purpose - This case study is dedicated to the study of the presence of KIA Motors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and its market and entry strategies for strategic globalization that allowed the company to establish itself within a conservative and clustered marketplace dominated by American and Japanese international brands. Research Design, data, and methodology - The main information for the case was gathered through an interview and questionnaire from the executives of the KIA Al Jabr, which got the exclusive dealership in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, secondary data were obtained from reliable and authoritative sources such as the Saudi government agency publications, newspapers, international business journals. Other related periodicals based on the results from previous and current studies on similar topics were critically reviewed as well. Results - The findings of this paper show the different business environments of the Saudi market and the importance of various points regarding the company's global entry strategy even if the host market culture is quite different in many ways from other international markets. Conclusions - This case can provide Korean companies interested in the Middle East with insight into market penetration and global strategy, and present various perspectives and implications for global market access as well.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2024

While text-to-image models have made remarkable progress in image synthesis, certain models, particularly generative diffusion models, have exhibited a noticeable bias to- wards generating images related to the culture of some developing countries. This paper introduces an empirical investigation aimed at mitigating the bias of image generative model. We achieve this by incorporating symbols representing Saudi culture into a stable diffusion model using the Dreambooth technique. CLIP score metric is used to assess the outcomes in this study. This paper also explores the impact of varying parameters for instance the quantity of training images and the learning rate. The findings reveal a substantial reduction in bias-related concerns and propose an innovative metric for evaluating cultural relevance.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2022

The emergence of social media platforms has changed the culture of business marketing. Their impact has increased considerably since the emergence of social media influencers or content creators. The phenomenon of social media influencers has been adopted as one of the most effective marketing strategies among global and local organizations. Those celebrities attract business owners, who seek to use them as means to reach a large number of potential consumers. Today, the user bases of Snapchat and YouTube in Saudi Arabia are growing fast and becoming very popular, unlike other social media platforms. Consequently, the impact of these applications' influencers on the purchasing habits of individuals cannot be underestimated. This survey paper intends to investigate the impact of Snapchat and YouTube influencers on the consumption behaviour of Saudi consumers. Results suggest that Snapchat is not only more popular but also more rusted and credible. Moreover, influencers' impact on purchasing behaviour is prevalent and powerful; furthermore, its influence is more effective in persuading Saudi consumers to buy certain products, such as food, than other products, like jewelry.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.352-367
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• 2021

Purpose: This research aims to examine gender preferences for men and women advertising models in Saudi advertisements. Saudi Arabia is known as one of the most gender-segregated society in the world, and it has gender-specific roles, characteristics, and behaviors that are undesirable for the other gender. Methodology: The questionnaire was developed with the help of earlier studies on perceptions towards advertising models and validated by a jury of experts and focus groups. The gender preferences for ten product categories (including automobiles, baby care products, cigarettes, cosmetics for women, fashion, food & beverages, motorcycles, personal care for men, personal care for women, sporting goods) were examined for men and women models. Similarly, three personal preferences characteristics for both genders (face beauty, voice quality, and Islamic dress), two characteristics for women models (body shape, femininity), and two characteristics for men models (height-weight balance, masculinity) were examined for men and women models separately. Finally, a survey was conducted to solicit responses from respondents (N=412). Findings: Results indicated significant gender preferences for gender-specific product categories and typical gender stereotypes in advertising models. Men models were preferred in men-specific products, and women models were required in women-specific products. Some product categories (including personal care for men and sporting goods) were ranked higher for men advertising models, while for women advertising models, other product categories (including personal care for women and cosmetics for women) were ranked higher. Masculinity was ranked highest as the preferred personal characteristic for men advertising models, while voice quality was highest for women advertising models. Finally, there is a significant difference between the preferred personal characteristic for men and women advertising models for three characteristics, including face beauty, Islamic dress, and masculinity and femininity. Implications: Saudi Arabia is a unique society with predominantly unique cultural dominance. Consequently, local culture greatly influences advertisements. It has stereotyped gender roles even in advertisements. This study will establish a baseline for further research on the subject area.