• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.272-276
• /
• 1998

Polysaccharide content in protein-polysaccharides (PPS) extracted from sea mustard, sea tangle and fusiform were 40.61, 38.42 and 52.80% , respectively. 5% of sea tangle PPS showed highest inhibitory activity on 4-nitorquinoline -1-oxide(4-NQO) against Salmonella typhimurium TA100 compared to the other seaweed PPS. 5% of sea mustard PPS showed highest inhibition ration of 62% on 2-nitrofluorene(2-NF)against Salmonella typhimurium TA98. These PPS extracts showed cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer cell (SW-480), and showed mild cytotoxic activity on human stomach cancer cell(SNU-1) and human hepatic cancer cell(HepG 2).

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 1987

The Maillard reaction products between amino acids and sugars are used effectively as flavors for processed foods and tobacco. Recently, considerable attention has been focused on the toxicological effects of maillard browned compounds. Therefore, we have tested the safety on the three-types of Maillard products (KG-19, KG-24 and KG-32) prepared from this Research Institute. Throughout the observation period of the acute toxicity study in rats and the mutagenicity assay using Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100), the test articles did not show any sigificant toxic or mutagenic signs.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 1984.09a
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 1984

고려인삼은 아시아 지역에서 수세기동안 강장제 및 치료약으로 광범위하게 사용되어 왔으며, 안전성 및 치료약으로서의 가치는 고대 한의서에 잘 명기되어있다. 그러나 근래에 들어서 인삼의 복용이 전세계로 확산됨에 따라 안전성 및 인삼의 약리작용에 대한 정확한 기전이 흥미를 끌게 되었다. 따라서 저자는 Salmonella typhimurium tester strain TA 100과 TA 98 및 V-79 Chinese hamster cell line을 이용하여 고려인삼의 안전성을 확인하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 지금가지의 결과는 고려인삼이 안전하다는 것을 시사한다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.1065-1070
• /
• 1999

This study was performed to determine the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effect of Aster scaber root ethanol extract on Salmonella typhymurium TA98, TA100 and cancer cell lines using Ames test and cytotoxicity assay, respectively. Cancer cell lines include chronic myelogenous leukemia(K562), human gastric carcinoma(KATOIII), human hepatocellular carcinoma(Hep3B) and human breast adenocarcinoma(MCF-7). Futher fractionations with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water from ethanol extract of Aster scaber root were performed to obtain effective fraction. Ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction showed 79% and 82% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) against TA100, while 48% and 60% inhibition was observed on the mutagenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline-l-oxide(4NQO) against TA98. In the meanwhile, ethyl acetate fraction showed 78% and 85% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by benzo(${\alpha}$)pyrene[B(${\alpha}$)P] against TA98 and TA100, respectively, while 83% inhibition was observed on the mutagenesis induced by 3-amino-l,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b) indole(Trp-P-1) against TA98. Ethyl acetate fraction (0.125 mg/ml) showed the strongest cytotoxic effect against K562, KATOIII, Hep3B and MCF-7 at the same concentration compared to those of other fractions. Ethanol extract and water fraction showed the least inhibitory effect.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.7
• /
• pp.1172-1175
• /
• 2003

Mutagenicity of white layer cake including 20 kGy-gamma irradiated egg white manufactured as a research on the practical approaches of gamma irradiation for the reduction of egg allergy was evaluated by Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay (Ames test). The water-soluble and organic solvents mixture of methanol: chloroform (2 : 1)-soluble fractions of the white layer cake including 20 kGy-gamma irradiated egg white were examined in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Both with and without metabolic activation, the number of revertant colonies were not increased in each extract compared with negative controls. No significant difference in the formation of the colonies was observed at the non-irradiated and 20 kGy-irradiated samples. The results indicate that there is no evidence of mutagenicity in white layer cake including 20 kGy-gamma irradiated egg white.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.51 no.3
• /
• pp.212-218
• /
• 2008

This study was performed to determine the antimutagenic and anticancer effects of ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout using Ames test and SRB assay, respectively. An ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) from the ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout showed inhibition rate of 80.6% against the mutagenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain. Also the ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) showed higher antimutagenic activity than other fractions against the mutagenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) showed high antimutagenic effect of 80.9% and 85.9% against the mutation of TA98 and TA100 strains induced by 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-(4,3-b)indol (Trp-P-1), respectively. The cytotoxic effects of each solvent fraction from the ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout against human cancer cell lines including lung carcinoma (A549), gastric carcinoma (AGS), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B), and colon adenocarcinoma (Colo 205) were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction of buckwheat sprout ethanol extract at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml showed strong cytotoxic activities of 70.3, 94.8, 79.6, 82.3, and 73.2% against A549, AGS, MCF-7, Hep3B and Colo 205 cancer cell lines, respectively.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.32-36
• /
• 1998

It is previously reported that 6-paradol can induce prolonged analgesia in experimental animals. In order to investigate the mutagenicity of 6-paradol, Ames Samonella/microsome plate assay was carried out with Salmonella typhimurium strains, TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1538, 6-Paradol was nonmutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium with and without rat liver microsomal activation. The rec assay with Bacillus substilis strains H 17 $rec^+$ and M 45 $rec^+$ was carried out ot test 6-paradol and other compounds (1-3 mg/disc) for DNA damaging activity, 6-Paradol was also nonmutagenic in DNA damaging activity. The relative size of the inhibition zone for 6-paradol was smaller than that of capsaicin. We have also determined the pathological effects of this compound on the various tissues of rats after administrating(i.p.) with increasing doses of 4, 8, 12, 16 mg/kg at 2 hour intervals and found no significant changes in terms of histology.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.1176-1181
• /
• 2004

The cytotoxic activities of Cinnamomum cassia (Blume) bark-derived materials toward six human HeLa epithelioid cervix, A549 lung, SK-OV-3 ovarian, SK-MEL-2 melanoma, XF-498 central nerve system, and HCT-15 colon tumor cell lines were evaluated by using sulforhodamine B assay and compared to those of the anticancer agents, cisplatin and mitomycin C. The biologically active constituent of the Cinnamomum bark was characterized as trans­cinnamaldehyde by spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxic activity of cinnamaldehyde against HeLa, SK-MEL-2, and HCT -15 cell lines was comparable to that of cisplatin and mitomycin C. The compound showed lower activity against A549, SK-OV-3, and XF-498 cell lines than the anticancer agents. Eugenol exhibited moderate activity against SK-OV­3, XF-498, and HCT-15 tumor cells, and trans-cinnamic acid, cinnamyl alcohol, $\alpha-pinene,\;and\;\beta-pinene$ showed little or no activity against model tumor cells. Cinnamaldehyde was not mutagenic against four strains (TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, and TA 1537) of Salmonella typhimurium (Castel and Chalm). These results indicate at least one pharmacological action of C. cassia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2008

Objectives: This study was to assess the toxicity of Sipjeondaebo-tang by bacterial reverse mutation test. Methods: In this study, to evaluate the bacterial reverse mutation of Sipjeondaebo-tang water-extract, the in vitro Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1,535, TA1,537) and Escherichia coli(WP2uvrA) were performed with Sipjeondaebo-tang water extract at the concentrations 0, 312, 625, 1250, 2500 and 5000 ${\mu}g/plate$. Results: Sipjeondaebo-tang water extract was negative in Ames test with both Salmonella typhimurium or Escherichia coli with and without rat liver microsomal enzyme (S9- fraction and S+ fraction). Conclusions: According to these results, we concluded that a Sipjeondaebo-tang water extract did not cause bacterial reverse mutation.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.279-283
• /
• 2013

Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai, a well known traditional herb grown in Jeju Island, South of Korea, has been used as a tonic and sedative agent, as well as in the treatment of diabetes and immune diseases. Mutagenicity of two lignans, syringaresinol and tortoside A isolated from A. koreanum, was assessed using Salmonella/microsome (Ames) test. Tester strains used were Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA. The mutagenic activity was determined both in the absence or presence of S9 mixture. As a result, tortoside A did not cause any increase in the number of $his^+$ revertants in S. typhimurium and E. coli WP2uvrA strains in the presence or absence of S9 mix, compared to the controls. Similarly, low concentrations of syringaresinol (750 and 1,500 ${\mu}g$/plate) did not show any mutagenic properties in all bacterial strains, in the presence or absence of S9 mixture. However, in the high concentration of syringaresinol (3,000 ${\mu}g$/plate), the number of revertants were increased in TA1535 strains, in the absence of S9 metabolic activation. Therefore, in vivo experiments such as comet assay are needed to further determine the genotoxic/carciogenic potential of syringaresinol isolated from A. koreanum.