• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 1997

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm of the salivary gland, compring between 30 and 40%. Fine needle apsiration cytology was performed in five patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The patients consisted of three males aged of 42, 48, and 60 years, and two females aged 36, and 56 years. The primary tumor sites were the parotid gland in four patients and the submandibular gland in the rest one. The histologic grades were low in one patient, intermediate in two patients and high in other two. In our experience, the common cytologic findings of low grade subtype were predominent mucous cells with some intermediate cells in an abundant mucinous background. The cytologic findings of intermediate grade subtype were predominant clusters of intermediate cells with or without mucous cells in an abundant mucinous background. And the cytologic findings of high grade subtype were predominant clusters of epidermoid cells with intermediate cells in a bloody background. Cytologic pleomorphism and atypia were more severe in high grade than low and intermediate grade, and nucleoli were more frequently noted in epidermoid cells. In low grade, it is very difficult to decide the benignancy or malignancy of the tumor. In fact, the presence of mucous cells in a mucinous background should rule out any other type of well differentiated carcinoma.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2008

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a low grade malignant neoplasm that commonly occurs in the parotid gland. Recently, we investigated a case of EMC that occurred in the external auditory canal (EAC) in a 35-year-old male, and this tumor was initially diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma. The difficulty associated with diagnosing EMC by aspiration cytology arises from both the rare incidence of this tumor and the overlapping spectrum of cytological features found in various salivary gland tumors, such as pleomorphic adenoma, basal cell adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2021

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the salivary glands. Its three malignant variants include carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, carcinosarcoma, and metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma. Among the subtypes of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma has rarely been reported. Additionally, metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma is rare. We report the imaging findings of a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma ex metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland and parapharyngeal space in a 42-year-old man.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2021

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare subtype of B-cell neoplasm and it accounts for about 3~6% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. It occurs mainly in middle-aged or elderly man, involving the extra-nodal sites such as gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow and Waldeyer's ring. The incidence of the MCL in salivary gland is about 3%. The blastoid MCL is a rare variant and it has a very aggressive clinical course. It is extremely rare to be arising from the parotid gland. To our knowledge, similar case has not been reported in domestic literature, one case has been described in English literature. We experienced a rare and unique disease entity and report it with brief literature review.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 1993

Fine needle aspiration cytology has become a frequently used technique for the diagnosis of lesions in the head and neck. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the salivary glands were performed on 66 patients. In 59 patients with satisfactory samples, cytologic diagnoses were as follows; there were 47 benign lesions, including pleomorphic adenoma(20), Warthin's tumor(3), benign cystic lesion(4), Inflammatory lesion(4), lymphoid lesion(3), myoepithelioma(1), unspecified benign neoplasm (5), and unclassified benign lesion(7). There were 6 cases of undetermined malignancy and 6 malignant lesions including mucoepidermoid carcinoma(3), adenoid cystic carcinoma(1), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma(1), and metastatic carcinoma(1) in cytologic diagnosis. In 25 patients, the cytologic diagnosis was correlated with histologic findings. The sensitivity of the benign lesion was 96% and the specificity was 82%. There was no false-positive diagnosis. The sensitivity and the specificity of pleomorphic adenoma were 75% and 95%, respectively. Some of Warthin's tumors were confused with benign cystic lesion due to frequent cystic change of the tumor. The sensitivity and specificity of the malignant lesions were 56% and 88%, respectively. There were three false negative diagnoses. Two mucoepidermoid carcinomas were correctly diagnosed by cytology. Two of three adenoid cystic carcinomas were misdiagnosed as benign tumors.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.505-509
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• 2011

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a low-grade malignant salivary gland neoplasm that was first described in 1972. EMC occurs in the older age group, there is a female predilection and mainly involves the parotid gland. Most authors recommend superficial parotidectomy as a treatment for low-grade malignant tumor in the superficial lobe of parotid gland. The treatment of epithelial-myoepithelial tumors typically includes surgical excision aimed at achieving a R0 resection. This paper reports a case of EMC of the parotid gland treated only by a conservational surgical excision. The lesion was exposed by the retromandibular approach and detached. After the parotid gland envelop was exposed, the mass was observed and was easy to remove due to capsulation. The preoperative diagnosis was a pleomorphic adenoma on the left parotid gland. The tumor was removed surgically with a conservative extracapsular dissection. The postoperative diagnosis was EMC, so superficial parotidectomy or radiation therapy was considered. Nevertheless, the patient was observed and no additional treatment was attempted because the patient was old and a successfully excision of the tumor had been achieved.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.43-47
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• 2017

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare type of low-grade malignant tumor that account for approximately 0.5% to 1% of salivary gland neoplasm and arises most commonly in the parotid gland (80%). We introduce three cases of parotid EMC arose as painless cystic mass in male patients over 70 years old. All patients were diagnosed as benign tumors (pleomorphic adenoma) by image and pathologic study (fine needle aspiration) before surgery, but the final histopathologic results were EMC. All three patients underwent parotidectomy without adjuvant radiotherapy. There were no complications such as facial paralysis. No complications or recurrences were observed during follow-up for 6 to 9 months. Since the reports of EMC are still relatively few, we report our three cases with the clinical and pathological review.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.170-177
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• 2005

The pleomorphic adenoma is well recognized as the most common salivary neoplasm. We examined 49 patients who had received surgical excision of the pleomorphic adenoma from 1989 to 1998 with over 5 years follow-up period. We retrospectively evaluated the patients' age, sex, chief complaints, surgical methods, and recurrence or complication rates after analysis of one's clinical and surgical records. The results are as follows : 1. There were 15 cases in parotid gland, 23 cases in palate, 8 cases in submandibular gland, and 3 cases in cheek. The ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.13. The mean age was 44. The tumor of submandibular gland occurred in more younger age than that of other salivary gland. 2. In 15 patients of parotid pleomorphic adenoma, there was 1 case(6.7%, 1/15) of recurrence. That was transformed into the malignant pleomorphic adenoma after 4 years of first surgery. We performed superficial parotidectomy of 9 cases(56.2%, 9/16), total parotidectomy of 6 cases(37.5%, 6/16), and radical parotidectomy of 1 case(6.3%, 1/16). 3. We used the rotational Sternocleidomastoid muscular flap to cover the exposed facial nerve in 12 cases(75%) after parotidectomy(7 cases of superficial parotidectomy and 5 cases of total parotidectomy). We could see 3 cases(18.7%) of facial nerve palsy and 1 case(6.3%) of Frey's syndrome after parotidectomy. We examined Frey's syndrome in only 1 case which was not used SCM muscular flap after parotidectomy. 4. In 23 patients of palatal pleomorphic adenoma, there were 2 cases(8.7%) of recurrence. In recurrence cases, We performed re-excision after 4 and 5 years of first surgery, respectively. We preserved partial thin overlying palatal mucosa during tumor excision in 5 cases(20%), which were proved as benign mixed tumor in preoperative biopsy. That mucosa-preserved cases had thick palatal mucosa, did not show mucosa ulceration and revealed well encapsulated lesions in preoperative CT. 5. In palatal tumors, we could see the 13 cases(52%) of bony invasion in preoperative CT views and the 4 cases(16%) of oro-nasal fistula after tumor excision. In two cases of recurrence, one(20%, 1/5) was in palatal mucosa-preserved group and the other(5.5%, 1/18) was in palatal mucosa-excised group. 6. We excised tumors with submandibular glands in the all cases of submandibular pleomorphic adenoma. There was no specific complication or recurrence in these cases. 7. After excision of the cheek pleomorphic adenomas, we could not see any complication or recurrence.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.186-190
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• 2019

Myxomas can be divided into two groups: those derived from the facial skeleton, and those derived from external skeletal soft tissue. Soft tissue myxomas of the head and neck are uncommon, with fewer than 50 cases reported. In any form and location, myxoma of parotid gland is rare. We report a case of myxoma arising from the left superficial lobe of the parotid gland with good long-term follow-up after superficial parotidectomy with tumor excision. A 49-year-old man was referred to our department of plastic and reconstructive surgery with a painless palpable mass that had persisted in the left mandible angle region for 2 years. Excision of the facial mass and superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation were performed. The biopsy result was myxoma. Long-term follow-up for 22 months showed favorable results without evidence of recurrence but with temporary facial nerve weakness right after the surgery. Myxoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis when benign tumor of the parotid gland is being considered.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.333-336
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• 2008

Purpose: Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare type of eccrine sweat gland carcinoma. Although it is mostly known as a neoplasm of the salivary gland, it could occur as a primary skin tumor. We present a patient with a primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma at the genital area. Methods: A 60-year-old man had a slowly growing 1 cm sized single tender mass near the left scrotum and he underwent excisional biopsy at a local clinic. A diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma was made and thus he was transferred to our hospital. In physical examination, other specific findings were not detected except a linear scar caused by a previous skin biopsy near the left scrotum. In CT scan, PET-CT scan and endoscopy, there was no evidence of neoplasm in other organs. It was diagnosed as the primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma and then wide excisions were performed including total 4.5 cm margin of normal skin. Results: Microscopic findings revealed proliferation of tumor cell islands with cribriform or tubular patterns containing several round, pseudocystic structures. The tumor cells showed basaloid cells with uniform and small nuclei. Tumor cells infiltrated into the dermis and upper portion of subcutaneous tissue. There was multifocal perineural invasion of tumor cells. In postoperative 6 months, we found no recurrence and other complications. Conclusion: Herein we found a rare case of primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma at the genital area.