• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.29 no.11
• /
• pp.1389-1398
• /
• 2005

The purposes of this study are to verify the sales promotion effect of bargain sale of department store, and to investigate the relationship between the effect of bargain sale and the consumer attitude toward economics. For those purposes, secondary data was collected. The data was composed of monthly sales data of women's casual wear, men's suit, inner wear, infant's wear, and golf wear in a department store from 1996 to 2003. The data on consumer attitude toward economics was collected from 'Consumer Attitude Index' issued by SERI. The results are as follows. First, there were differences in the sales promotion effects of bargain sale by merchandise class and by year. Men's suit was the class that the effect was highest, and inner wear was the class the effect was lowest. In addition, the effects were simultaneously lowered by year. Second, sales promotion effect of bargain sale had relationship with consumer attitude index. The yearly transitions of the two data were almost similar. This means that as the consumer attitude becomes pessimistic, the motivation to consume also becomes lower, so that sales promotion effect of bargain sale also decreases. In addition, women's wear and men's suit showed the most similar transition patterns with the consumer attitude index.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.11
• /
• pp.367-379
• /
• 2020

The primary objective of this research is to develop a better understanding of consumer's post-purchase psychological state by examining the influence of sales promotion and emotional brand attachment on post-purchase cognitive dissonance, taking into account the mediating role of impulse buying behavior. The current study addresses several gaps in literature. Firstly, it is hard to find the direct impact of sales promotion and emotional brand attachment on post-purchase cognitive dissonance. Secondly, to the best of our knowledge, few studies have investigated the mediating role of impulse buying behavior in consumer research. A sample of 256 respondents was collected from Pakistani retail consumers. The statistical findings of this study show that sales promotion has a significant positive effect on the impulse buying behavior and post-purchase cognitive dissonance. Furthermore, results indicate that emotional brand attachment has a negative influence on impulse buying behavior but has a significant positive impact on post-purchase cognitive dissonance. Meanwhile, impulse buying behavior is a potential mediator between sales promotion, emotional brand attachment, and post-purchase cognitive dissonance relationships. The moderating role of Gender describes that the positive relationship between sales promotion and post-purchase cognitive dissonance will be stronger for women as compared to men at a higher level of sales promotion.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2024

Purpose: Despite the popularity of sales promotion as one of the key marketing tactics employed by many companies today, relatively little effort has been devoted to examining an interaction effect between promotion cues and promotion duration. Therefore, this study aims to examine how promotion cues and promotion duration will jointly affect consumers' attitudes toward promotions and purchase intentions. Research design, data, and methodology: The present study conducted an online experiment through the Qualtrics program in which a total of 141 participants were recruited from the Cloud panel members in the U.S. The experiment employed a 2(promotion cue: best-seller vs. limited edition) × 2(promotion duration: long vs. short) full factorial between-subjects design. Result: In the condition of best-selling sales promotion cue, a long promotion duration induced more positive promotion attitude and higher purchase intention, while in the condition of limited-edition sales promotion cue, the use of a short promotion duration contributed more positive promotion attitude and greater purchase intention. Conclusions: Marketers need to take the congruence between promotion cues and promotion duration into full consideration when designing effective sales promotion strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.654-664
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to segment consumers based on sales promotion orientation and examine the differences between the consumer segments on shopping styles and demographics. A total of 462 responses collected from a questionnaire survey to subjects aged over 20 were analyzed. Cluster analysis on sales promotion orientation identified four groups including rational group(21%), active group(28%), insensitive group(22.1%), and interest group(28.9%) of sales promotion. MANOVA, ANOVA and $\chi$$^2$-test revealed significant differences among the four groups on shopping styles(high-quality prone, value prone, price prone. brand prone, fashion prone, hedonic shopping prone, and loyalty) and 4 demographic characteristics(i.e., age, marital status. occupation, and education). The rational group showed lower brand proneness than did other groups while the active group showed higher price and brand proneness. The interest group showed high value, brand, and hedonic shopping proneness while the insensitive group was the least engaged in shopping styles. The study developed a profile of each segment and provided marketing implications.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.12
• /
• pp.145-150
• /
• 2018

This study examines the meaning and growth background of sales promotion in a new marketing communication environment and predicts its future direction. This study analyzed experiential marketing, individual marketing, media creative, and viral marketing as growth background of sales promotion in a new marketing communication environment, and predicted future direction of sales promotion as brand communication, consumer-brand relationship, application of ICT, integrated marketing communication. This study has a significance of analyzing the changing function and predicting the future direction of sales promotion in new marketing communications environment.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.52-63
• /
• 2022

As live commerce, mobile sales platforms based on real-time content and text are drawing attention as a new marketing channel. In particular, the fashion industry also using live commerce as a new fashion distribution channel, requiring marketing strategies to utilize it efficiently. This study attempted to verify the effect of information source, sales promotion, and impulse buying tendency characteristics on fashion live commerce purchase intention. The experimental design of this study was 2(characteristics of information source: expertise vs attractiveness) × 2(sales promotion type: value-added vs price discount) × 2(impulse buying tendency: high vs low) three-way mixed analysis of variance(ANOVA). A convenience sampling of 264 women in their 20s and 50s living in Seoul and the Gyeonggi area who had purchased products through Live Commerce was conducted. For the final analysis, 240 questionnaires were used. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 26 program and three-way ANOVA. Simple main effects analysis was conducted. The results of this study follow. First, there were statistically significant differences in purchase intention according to consumers' impulse buying tendencies and sales promotions. Second, information source and sales promotion showed statistically significant interaction effects on purchase intention. Lastly, information source, sales promotion, and impulse buying tendency showed significant three-way interaction effects on fashion live commerce purchase intention. Therefore, conducting appropriate marketing analysis can result in positive attitudes regarding live commerce products and substantive increases in sales.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.46 no.5
• /
• pp.868-889
• /
• 2022

Fashion companies are using a big data approach as a key strategic analysis to predict and forecast sales. This study investigated the effectiveness of the past sales, web search volume, information amount, brand promotion, and the advertising endorser on the sales forecasting model. The study conducted the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) time series model using the internal and external social big data of a national fashion brand. Results indicated that the brand's past sales, search volume, promotion, and amount of advertising endorser information amount significantly affected the sales forecast, whereas the brand's advertising endorser search volume and information amount did not significantly influence the sales forecast. Moreover, the brand's promotion had the highest correlation with sales forecasting. This study adds to information-searching behavior theory by measuring consumers' brand involvement. Last, this study provides digital marketers with implications for developing profitable marketing strategies on the basis of consumers' interest in the brand and advertising endorser.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.169-183
• /
• 2012

This study was aimed at finding out the preferences and satisfaction levels regarding the type of fashion retailer's sales promotion based on consumers' empirical characteristics. A total of 223 questionnaires were used for the survey of this study. The methods of this study were descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability tests, one-way ANOVA, $t$-tests and ${\chi}^2$-test. The consumer groups were divided by habitual experience and self-evaluated knowledge relate to apparel product. The results of this study showed that consumers have different preferences and post-utilization satisfaction regarding the type of sales promotion offered by fashion retailers. Consumers with more experiences in apparel product and with higher self-evaluated knowledge were more active in utilizing the benefits offered through the value-added type of sales promotions, such as the gift certificate or coupon. Consumers with more experience in apparel product also showed higher satisfaction with both the utilitarian and hedonic types of sales promotions, such as gift certificate offer, special price, price discount event, and coupon or courtesy card offer. Furthermore, consumers with higher self-evaluated knowledge showed higher satisfaction with the utilitarian types of sales promotion, such as gift certificate offer and regular sale. Therefore, by identifying the accurate understanding of consumers'empirical characteristics, an enterprise might be able to satisfy consumer by offering more appropriate and subdivided types of sales promotion.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.31-44
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to understand how consumers perceive the costs of using certain types of sales-promotions and to suggest ways in which sales-promotions should be developed to contribute to the consumers' welfare and the development of Marketing Strategy. The sufficiency of the consumers' desire was essential to new and creative sales-promotion strategy. This study investigated the perceived costs of using timely opportunity costs, extra expenses, substitution costs, uncomfortable feeling, regrets and economical and psychological satisfactions on certain types of sales-promotions such as off line, coupon, packed items, collection and on line, and event. In the study results on the perceived costs of using certain types of sales-promotions, off line sales-promotions were perceived more than substitution costs, extra expenses, regrets and on line sales-promotions were perceived more than timely opportunity costs. These results were caused by immediately using off line sales-promotions and becoming a member of on line sales-promotions. In the research result on the perceived costs of using certain types of sales-promotions and economical satisfactions, off line sales-promotions exhibited positive relations with substitution costs of coupon and extra expenses, regrets of packed items and collection about economical satisfactions. On line sales-promotions exhibited positive relations with extra expenses and regrets about economical satisfactions. The research results on the perceived costs of using certain types of sales-promotions and psychological satisfactions, off line sales-promotions exhibited positive relations with timely opportunity costs of coupon and collection about psychological satisfactions. On line sales-promotions exhibited positive relations with substitution costs about psychological satisfactions. These results were caused by the feeling of leisure time as the consumer played games or hobbies. This study proposes an approach in the context of sales-promotion with some suggestions and thoughts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.57 no.6 s.115
• /
• pp.160-171
• /
• 2007

This research studied men's cosmetics purchasing behavior based on the level of interest one has in one's appearance, the country of origin, and the sales promotion of the cosmetics. The study was conducted by experimental $2{\times}[2{\times}2]$ design by combining the 3 variables mentioned above. The Independent variables in this research were levels of appearance interest(high vs. low), the country of origin(Korean vs. foreign), and types of sales promotion(discount vs. coupon). The dependent variables were the purchase behaviors including favor to cosmetics and purchase intent. Two hundred male consumers participated for the study. Data analysis conducted were factor analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA. The results were as follows. 1. Male consumers' cosmetics favorness: 3-way significant interaction, in appearance interest, the country of origin, and types of sales promotion, was found for favor to male cosmetics. When male subjects were provided with price discounts and skin care coupons for the Korean cosmetics, they didn't reveal significant differences in favor, regardless of the level of appearance interest. However, for the imported cosmetics, male subjects with high appearance interest showed more favor to the cosmetics than the ones with low appearance interest. 2. Male consumers' purchase intent: 3-way significant interaction, in appearance interest, the country of origin, and types of sales promotion was found for the purchase intent. When male subjects were provided with price discounts and skin care coupons for the Korean cosmetics, they didn't show significant difference in purchase intent, regardless of their appearance interest. However, for the imported cosmetics, male consumers with high appearance interest reported more purchase intent than the ones with low appearance interest.