• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2023년도 임시총회 및 춘계학술대회
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• pp.69-69
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• 2023

Safflower seeds, classified as a member of the Asteraceae family, a dicotyledonous plant, contain linoleic acid as a major component, known for its pharmacological effect of strengthening bones. Additionally, safflower seeds have been reported to have pharmacological effects on vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of safflower seed extract by examining its impact on adipocyte differentiation using Oil Red O staining, triglyceride quantification, and GPDH activity measurement. The results showed that safflower seed extract significantly inhibited adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, we confirmed that safflower seed extract improved body weight, liver weight, adipose tissue size, glucose, and triglyceride levels in a high-fat diet-induced mouse model. These findings suggest that safflower seed extract exhibits potent anti-obesity activity both in vitro and in vivo and has the potential to be developed as a material for future anti-obesity therapies.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.528-534
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• 2001

Much attention has been given to the role of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed in preventing and treating osteroporosis recently. Although numerous studies were done on effects of safflower oil, no attention was given to the role of dietary fiber of safflower seeds. This study was aimed at investigating physiological significance of defatted safflower seed as a source of dietary fiber. Sprague Dawley female rats were assigned one of 5 groups: ovariectomized control (Ovx-control) group and ovariectomized rats 15% (Ovx-ss15) and 30% defatted safflower seed (Ovx-SS30), sham-operated (Sham) group and a normal group. Cholesterol was supplemented to all diets at 0.5% except the normal diet. Ovariectomized rats were pair-fed isocalorically to the Sham group. Ovariectomy caused heavier body weight, but feeding 30% safflower seed brought back to the level of Sham group. Activities of disaccharidases of jejunal mucosa were significantly lowered in Ovx-control group compared to those of Sham, and supplementation of safflower seed tended to increase the activities. Fecal weight of Ovx-SS15 and Ovx-SS30 were almost twice as those of Ovx-control Sham. Propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations per g of feces of Ovx-SS15 and daily excretion of these fatty acids were significantly increased as compared to those of Sham and Ovx-control. In concentration defatted safflower seed supplementation significantly increased fecal bulk and short chain fatty acid production in large intestine of rats.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2001

12주령 랫드의 비골의 골절을 유발한 후 골절치유에 미치는 홍화씨 분말의 영향을 알아보고자 실험을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 비골의 골절은 골절유발 후 5주에 성숙된 신생골 조직으로 충만되어 조직형태학적으로 완전한 유합이 이루어지는데, 홍화씨 분말을 투여한 결과 골절유발 후 4주에 성숙된 신생골 조직으로 골절단이 충만되어 완전한 유합을 이룬 후 5주에서는 골수강도 개통되는 등 대조군과 비교하여 유합시기를 기준으로 1.5주 정도의 빠른 골절의 치유가 이루어졌다. 이상의 결과는 홍화씨 분말에 골절의 치유를 촉진시키는 성분이 포함되어 있을 가능성을 시사한다고 사료된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2000

The yeast extract, coconut water, safflower seed oil, arachidonic acid, linolenic acid, jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate were added to Gamborg's B$_{5}$ medium. The changes on productivity of baccatin III were estimated every 30 minutes and the results were compared using the selected high yielding cell culture system of Taxus cuspidata. In most cases, the peaks of baccatin III productivity occured at 90~120 min after addition of elicitors. Among the compound elicitors, safflower seed oil showed the highest productivity of baccatin III. Also arachidonic acid and linolenic acid increased the baccatin III production.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2012

In order to evaluate the effect of seed weight on different aspect of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed germination and growth characteristics. Quantity of sinapine leaked from seed was greater as the viability of seeds was dropped by the time elapsed of seed aging model and long storage condition in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). The cultivar of safflower was Jin-Sun and the seeds that are separated to three different weights of small, middle, and large were used in this experiment. Large seeds revealed the highest germination percent, coleoptiles fresh weight, coleoptiles dry weight, radicle fresh weight and 1000 seed weights than other seed weight. Seed weight had little effect on yield while seed number exerted a positive influence. Interestingly, yield per plant and its major components, number of capsules and capsule weights, revealed a negligible relationship with oil content.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.219-223
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• 2003

반응표면분석에 의하여 홍화유 추출조건에 따른 campesterol, stigmasterol, $\beta$ -sitosterol 및 total sterol의 추출 최적화를 모니터링 하였으며, 추출온도(35∼75$^{\circ}C$, X$_1$), 추출시간(1∼11시간 X$_2$), 중심합성계획으로 추출조건을 최적화하였다. campesterol 최적 추출범위는 추출온도, 추출시간 및 시료의 전처리 가공온도가 각각 59.01$^{\circ}C$, 2.88시간, 75.04$^{\circ}C$ 이었다. 그러나 $\beta$-sitosterol, stigmasterol 및 total sterol 추출율 반응표면분석은 유의차가 없었다. 한편 홍화의 35$^{\circ}C$ 유지 추출수율은 평균 23.44% 이었으며 8$0^{\circ}C$ 추출조건에서는 평균 20.05% 이었다. 추출온도가 35$^{\circ}C$에서 8$0^{\circ}C$높아짐에 따라 홍화유의 추출온도에 따른 평균 총 tocopherol 함량이 0.172% 에서 0.207%으로 증가하였다. 지방산 분석 결과 linoleic acid의 함량은 70.24%이었다. 홍화유와 CLA를 이용한 재구성 지질 합성결과 24시간 반응 재구성 지질에 함유된 CLA 함량은 31.79mol% 이었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.726-733
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 6종류의 종실에서 기름을 착유하여 조지방 함량(crude fat content) 측정 및 총 지방산 조성과 위치별 지방산 조성을 비교 분석 하였으며, triacylglycerol(TAG)의 조성과 tocopherol 함량을 분석하였다. Folch법을 이용하여 분석된 조지방 함량은 들깨 21.64%, 홍화씨 13.85%, 고추씨 9.60%, 석류씨 8.85%, 녹두 2.25%, 결명자 2.00%로 나타났다. 추출된 종실유의 지방산 분석결과 불포화 지방산인 linoleic acid(C18:2)가 81.57 wt%~46.17 wt%로 가장 높은 비중을 차지하였으며, sn-2 위치의 지방산 조성에서도 linoleic acid의 함량이 88.30 wt%~15.99 wt%로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. Triacylglycerol(TAG)의 조성은 reversed-phase HPLC를 이용하여 분석하였으며 partition number(PN)=36~48의 분포를 보였다. Total tocopherol의 함량은 석류씨에서 가장 높은 377.74 mg /100 g으로 나타났으며 이 외에 각각 녹두(141.16 mg/100 g), 결명자(107.23 mg/100 g), 고추씨(33.88 mg/100 g), 들깨(30.05 mg/100 g), 홍화씨(29.80 mg/100 g) 순으로 측정되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1999

Safflower is an important medicinal plant that has been used in China, Korea and Japan for thousands of years. The red and yellow pigments obtained from the petals of safflower can invigorate blood, release stagnation and promote menstruation. In addition, these pigments are used safely in processed foods and soft drinks as naturally harmless rotor additives. On the other hand, the seed of safflower contains 30-40% oil with higher level of mono- and poly-unsaturated fatfy acid profiles and elevated levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol. In this paper, we describe advances in the production of pigments and $\alpha$-tocopherol by cell culture in safflower.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1567-1573
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• 2020

Ultraviolet (UV) is one of the major factors harmful to skin health. Irradiation with ultraviolet accelerates the decline of skin function, causing the skin to have deep wrinkles, dryness, decreased procollagen production, and degradation of collagen. Novel materials are needed to prevent the aging of the skin by blocking the effects of UV. Safflower seed oil (Charthamus tinctorius L., SSO) contains significantly high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and phytochemicals. SSO has been traditionally used in China, Japan, and Korea to improve skin and hair. Our objective in this study was to determine the effect of SSO and its active compound acacetin on UVB-induced skin photoaging in HaCaT cells and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). SSO inhibited UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) at both protein and mRNA levels in HaCaT cells and HDF. MMP-1 is known to play important roles in collagen degradation and wrinkle formation. Acacetin, a type of flavonoid, is present in SSO. Similar to SSO, acacetin also inhibited UVB-induced MMP-1 protein and mRNA levels in HaCaT cells and HDF. MMP-1 mRNA is primarily regulated by the mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Acacetin regulated the phosphorylation of JNK1/2 and c-jun, but did not inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and AKT. Taken together, these results indicate that SSO and its active compound acacetin can prevent UVB-induced MMP-1 expression, which leads to skin photoaging, and may therefore have therapeutic potential as an anti-wrinkle agent to improve skin health.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2023

Adult neurogenesis has been reported in the hypothalamus, subventricular zone and subgranular zone in the hippocamp. Recent studies indicated that new cells in the hypothalamus are affected by diet. We previously showed beneficial effects of safflower seed oil (SSO), a rich source of linoleic acid (LA; 74%), on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro. In this study, the effect of SSO on hypothalamic neurogenesis was investigated in vivo, in comparison to synthetic LA. Adult mice were treated with SSO (400 mg/kg) and pure synthetic LA (300 mg/kg), at similar concentrations of LA, for 8 weeks and then hypothalamic NSCs were cultured and subsequently used for Neurosphere-forming assay. In addition, serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Administration of SSO for 8 weeks in adult mice promoted the proliferation of NSCs isolated from SSO-treated mice. Immunofluorescence staining of the hypothalamus showed that the frequency of astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein⁺ cells) are not affected by LA or SSO. However, the frequency of immature (doublecortin⁺ cells) and mature (neuronal nuclei⁺ cells) neurons significantly increased in LA- and SSO-treated mice, compared to vehicle. Furthermore, both LA and SSO caused a significant increase in the serum levels of BDNF. Importantly, SSO acted more potently than LA in all experiments. The presence of other fatty acids in SSO, such as oleic acid and palmitic acid, suggests that they could be responsible for SSO positive effect on hypothalamic proliferation and neurogenesis, compared to synthetic LA at similar concentrations.