• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

In this paper, we describe fire risk of Kimchi refrigerator. The Kimchi refrigerator has been widely spread and used starting from the first half of 2000 and recently fire accidents caused by the Kimchi refrigerator emerged as social concern. In particular, in products of a specific manufacturer, it is not an environmental factor, but a characteristic that the fire is caused due to a defect of the product itself is shown. These features are judged to be formed by unique defects regardless of external factor by forming electrically arc mark in the relay element. In this paper, we analyzed the cause of the fire occurring in the Kimchi refrigerator and finally confirmed the characteristic that the fire occurred mainly in the relay element due to insufficient capacity of the relay element. Therefore, when a fire occurs in a product of the same maker as the Kimchi refrigerator mentioned in this paper, it is always judged that the inspection of the relay element should be carried out.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.201-209
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• 1993

본 연구는 하수관망의 신뢰성을 분석하기 위한 것으로, AFOSM 방법의 적용성을 판단하기 위해 이 기법을 신정유수지 유역에 적용하였다. 파괴점을 찾기 위한 방법으로는 비선형성에 의한 오차를 줄일 수 있는 Rackwitz Algorithm을 이용하였다. 위험도를 산정하는데 필요한 실행함수를 설정하기 위해 하중을 결정하는 데는 합리식을 사용하였고, 용량을 결정하는 식으로는 Manning의 식과 Darcy-Weisbach 식의 2가지를 이용하여 위험도를 구하였으며, 위험도는 각각 0.119, 0.127로 나타났다. 또한, 재현기간별 Risk-Safety Factor 관계를 유도하여 신뢰성 분석에 기초한 하수관망의 설계를 할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2023

본 연구는 공군에서 운영되고 있는 "항공관제통합관리"체계 내 최근 추가된 항공안전관리시스템(SMS) 안전자율보고를 통해 접수된 안전보고 사례를 분석하여, 위해요인을 식별하고, 해당 지역(기지)별 개선사항을 제시하여, 향후 데이터 기반의 안전관리를 수행할 수 있는 기초를 마련하기 위함이다. 위해요인 식별을 위해 자율보고체계 내 16개로 분류된 데이터를 기반으로 1차적으로 기지별 분류를 하였고, 기종 및 기술된 내용을 기반으로 세부적으로 2차 분류하였다. 가장 많은 보고가 이루어진 관제협조(306건) 항목에 대하여 RCIAA(Reporting, Category, Identification, Analysis, and Action, 이하 RCIAA)과정(연구자 작성)을 거쳐 위해요인을 분석하였으며, 분석한 결과를 토대로 위해요인을 크게 정보 공유, 규정, 절차 교육·훈련 및 장비 항목으로 나누어 개선사항을 도출하였다. 위해요인 및 특정 개선사항이 기지별(12개) 로 상이함을 확인할 수 있었으며, 통계적 분석을 바탕으로 기지(지역)별 운항관제분야 안전관리의 방향을 제시할 수 있는 근거로 활용할 수 있다. 또한, 민(民)·군(軍)을 통틀어 특정 기지(지역)별 데이터 기반의 위해요인 분석 연구가 부족한 점에 비추어 볼 때 데이터를 기반으로 한 안전관리의 중요성을 재확인 할 수 있는 결과로 제시할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is, by recognizing that recently, as crimes using information and various adverse-effect phenomena such as hacking and virus occur frequently with rapid development of information network such as Internet in every field of industry, the range of security is widening to the field of industrial areas for preventing the leaking of industrial technology and protecting that technology as well as information security only limited to IT area, and by establishing common concept about industrial security through education on the industrial security at the point of increasing importance of industrial security, to prepare the base of comprehensive risk management system for protecting company's assets (physical factor, technical factor and managerial factor) safely from the random threats or attacks inside and outside the company through assessment of important assets of the company, evaluation of threats and weak points, and risk assessment by building industrial security management system in order to protect company's information assets and resources which are connected to the existence of the company safely from the threats or attacks from inside or outside the company and to spread stable business activities.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.263-278
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• 2022

Limestone calcined clay cement (LC³) is a low carbon alternative to conventional cement. Literature shows that using limestone and calcined clay in LC³ increases the thermal degradation of LC³ pastes and can increase the magnitude of fire risk in LC³ concrete structures. Higher thermal degradation of LC³ paste prompts this study toward understanding the fire performance of LC³ concrete and the associated magnitude of fire risk. For fire performance, concrete prepared using ordinary Portland cement (OPC), pozzolanic Portland cement (PPC) and LC³ were exposed to 16 scenarios of different elevated temperatures (400℃, 600℃, 800℃, and 1000℃) for different durations (0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h). After exposure to elevated temperatures, mass loss, residual ultrasonic pulse velocity (rUPV) and residual compressive strength (rCS) were measured as the residual properties of concrete. XRD (X-ray diffraction), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) and three-factor ANOVA (analysis of variance) are also used to compare the fire performance of LC³ with OPC and PPC. Monte Carlo simulation has been used to assess the magnitude of fire risk in LC³ structures and devise recommendations for the robust application of LC³. Results show that LC³ concrete has weaker fire performance, with average rCS being 11.06% and 1.73% lower than OPC and PPC concrete. Analysis of 106 fire scenarios, in Indian context, shows lower rCS and higher failure probability for LC³ (95.05%, 2.22%) than OPC (98.16%, 0.22%) and PPC (96.48%, 1.14%). For robust application, either LC³ can be restricted to residential and educational structures (failure probability <0.5%), or LC³ can have reserve strength (factor of safety >1.08).

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2017

Background: The mining industry is known worldwide for its highly risky and hazardous working environment. Technological advancement in ore extraction techniques for proliferation of production levels has caused further concern for safety in this industry. Research so far in the area of safety has revealed that the majority of incidents in hazardous industry take place because of human error, the control of which would enhance safety levels in working sites to a considerable extent. Methods: The present work focuses upon the analysis of human factors such as unsafe acts, preconditions for unsafe acts, unsafe leadership, and organizational influences. A modified human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS) was adopted and an accident predictive fuzzy reasoning approach (FRA)-based system was developed to predict the likelihood of accidents for manganese mines in India, using analysis of factors such as age, experience of worker, shift of work, etc. Results: The outcome of the analysis indicated that skill-based errors are most critical and require immediate attention for mitigation. The FRA-based accident prediction system developed gives an outcome as an indicative risk score associated with the identified accident-prone situation, based upon which a suitable plan for mitigation can be developed. Conclusion: Unsafe acts of the worker are the most critical human factors identified to be controlled on priority basis. A significant association of factors (namely age, experience of the worker, and shift of work) with unsafe acts performed by the operator is identified based upon which the FRA-based accident prediction model is proposed.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.107-120
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• 2010

In today's uncertain economic environment, the evaluation of safety for investment alternatives is of practical importance in manufacturing companies. This paper examines a method of quantitatively evaluating profitability and risk for multiple alternatives using the total-cost unit-cost domain. The paper assumes such factors as unit sales price, sales and production volume, unit variable cost, fixed cost, and yield for each alternative. The paper incorporates the relationship between production capacity and demand, distinguishing between cases of production capacity surplus and shortage for each year over the entire planning horizon. The paper investigates the case in which the values of each factor independently move in the direction of decreasing profit each year, and clarifies the procedure of comparing safety among multiple investment alternatives on a single consolidated total-cost unit-cost domain. The difficulty of the problem lies in the method of consolidating multiple total-cost unit-cost domains into a single domain since the combination of years of capacity surplus and shortage depends upon the change values in each factor under consideration. A systematic method of evaluating profitability as well as risk is presented, and the validity of the proposed method is verified using a numerical example.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.138-146
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• 2020

Stow net fishery is one of the fishery with high fishing work accidents in southwestern sea of Korea. We conducted to serve as basic data for improving the healthy and safe working environment of fisher using risk assessment process (ISO45001) with fishermen's occupational accidents of the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperative (NFFC) from 2016 to 2018. The average occurrence rate of victim in this fishery was 9.04%, 16.7 times more than such rate in all industries. In addition, the average fatality rate was found to have a very serious level management to 31.06‱, 27.7 times more than such rate in all industries. The safety hazards of stow net fishery was more likely to occur by other general industrial groups, with more severe consequences after the accident. According to 4M analysis, 58.6% of all accidents were caused by human factors, 24.0% by environmental factors, 16.0% by mechanical factors, and 1.5% by managerial factors, respectively. The occurrence frequency by accident type was the highest in 187 cases (32.2%) for struck by object, 158 cases (27.2%) for slipping, and 94 cases (16.2%) for being in contact with machinery. Severity is the highest for others such as diseases etc., in the order of being struck by object, being in contact with machinery, falling from above slipping, collapsing, bumping, and burning. Being struck by object, being in contact with machinery, and slipping are high-risk groups, falling from above others, bumping, and burning are medium-risk groups based on the risk assessment using the occurrence frequency and severity of accident. The obtained results are expected to contribute to the safe operation environment subsidy for fishing crews on the stow net fishing vessel.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2015

Economic burden of work-related musculoskeletal disorder(WMDs) is increasing. Known causes of WMDs include improper posture, repetition, load, and temperature of workplace. Among them, improper postures play an important role. A smart sensor called SensorTag is employed to estimate the trunk postures including flexion-extension, lateral bend, and the trunk rotational speeds. Measuring gravitational acceleration vector in the smart sensor along the tri-orthogonal axes offers an orientation of the object with the smart sensor attached to. The smart sensor is light in weight and has small form factor, making it an ideal wearable sensor for body posture measurement. Measured data from the smart senor is wirelessly transferred for analysis to a smartphone which has enough computing power, data storage and internet-connectivity, removing need for additional hardware for data post-processing. Based on the estimated body postures, WMDs risks can be conviently gauged by using existing WMDs risk assesment methods such as OWAS, RULA, REBA, etc.

• 산업공학
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2004

In this study, the prototype of a system for checking risk-factor of NC machine is proposed. The proposed system can get the risk-related information by monitoring the status of real-time processes of NC machines. Using the information, the accidents can be prevented by the background process of an expert system tool. This paper consists of 2 parts: (1) the method for gathering data and definition of the risk-related factors of NC machines and (2) the procedure for finding the proper actions by using the forward chaining of a rule-base. Proposed system is implemented with C++ language under MS-windows.