• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2057-2060
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• 2014

Purpose: To assess the effect and safety of lobaplatin combinated floxuridine /pirarubicin in transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE) of unresectable primary liver cancer. Patients and Methods: TACE combined with the chemotherapy regimen was used to treat 34 unresectable primary liver cancer patients. DSA/MRI/CT/blood routine examinations were used to evaluate short term activity and toxicity after 4-5 weeks, the process being repeated if necessary. Results: Among the 34 cases, 1 (2.9%) showed a complete response, 21 (61.7%) a partial response, 8 (23.5%) stable disease, and 4 progressive disease, with a total effective rate of 67.6%. The content of alpha fetoprotein dropped by over 50% in 20 cases (58.8%). The rate of recovery was hepatalgia (88.2%), ascites (47.1%), appetite (55.9%), Performance Status(30.4%). The median follow-up time (MFT) was 281 days (63-558 days), and median progression-free survival was 118.5 days (95%, CI:88.8-148.2days). Adverse reactions (III-IV grade) were not common, with only 4 cases of vomiting and 2 cases of thrombocytopenia (III grade). Conclusions: Lobaplatin-based TACE is an effective and safe treatment for primary liver cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4465-4468
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• 2015

Background: As the third generation of platinum-based antineoplastic agent aginst gastrointestinal cancer, oxaliplatin is considered to be associated with severe sensory neurotoxicity. Acorrding to previous studies, vitaminE, intravenous Ca/Mg and glutamine may partly reduce the incidence and severity of oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of analgecine for preventing oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity in the patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Method: In this study, patients undergoing oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy were assigned to analgecine (experimental) group or control group. Analgecine 6ml was administered once a day for seven days from the day of oxaliplatin treatment. The National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE; version 3) was used to evaluate oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. The incidence rates and grade of neurotoxicity of patients were assessed before and during (after four and eight cycles) treatment. Results: Totally, 82 patients were enrolled in this study, 42 in experimental group and 40 in control group. The occurrence of each grade neurotoxicity in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group. The overall occurrence rate was 31% vs 55% (P=0.043) after 4 cycles and 52% vs 75% (P=0.050) after 8 cycles. Conclusion: Analgecine appears could be effective in reducing oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity and be applicated for patients with gastrointestinal tumors who would be treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.597-606
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to survey and analyze difficulties in teaching and learning elementary school science on the chapter titled 'electric circuit'. 28 elementary school teachers who teach 5th grade science and 73 5th grade students in elementary school were taken part in this survey. The pilot questionnaire was distributed to find out both the degree and the reason of difficulties in teaching and learning. The answers are analyzed with four areas to extract elements which make class difficult; Learner factors (L), Instruction factors (I), Curriculum & textbooks factors (C), and Environment factors (E). The results are as follows. (1) It can be seen that both students and teachers feel the highest difficulty in 7th lesson 'the direction of current', while they felt little difficulty in lesson 3 'conductor and nonconductor' and lesson 8 'the safety of electricity'. (2) The most mentioned reason of difficulties in teaching and learning was Learner factors (L). (3) Teachers felt many difficulties in experimental environment. On the other hands, students didn't think experimental failures as serious trouble. (4) Students felt many difficulties in new terms and hazy concepts or expressions. (5) Teachers felt a lot of difficulties in those from Curriculum & textbooks factors.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 1987

Ships and offshore strrctures are exposed to the corrosive surroundings, and the extablishment of the design criteria and the elucidation on the influence by this environment are requested to maintain the safety and to demonstrate the function of the structure. In this paper, the fatigue-crack-growth behavior on the compact tension specimens of quenched, tempered HT80 grade steels and RA36 high tensile steels having a single edge fatigue cracked notch respectively, were investigated under the repeated tensile stress with constant stroke in sea water for the welded parts by shielded metal arc welding. Main results obtained are summerized as follows; 1. The fatigue-crack-growth rates da/dN in sea water appeared to be greater behavior than those in air environment at the same stress intensisy factor range $\DeltaK$. 2. The correlation data of da/dN$\DeltaK$ of the two kinds of high tensile steels in sea water showed no great difference, however, the correlation data of da/dN$\DeltaK/\sigma_y$($\sigma_y$ stands for yield strength of the material) showed that the fatigue-crack-growth behavior of RA36 plate is affected by active path corrosion(APC) mechanism, while that of HT80 grade plate is mainly affected by hydrogen embrittlement mechanism.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2012

The demand on design for human diversity is increasing in the field of spatial design. This study evaluated the spatial environment of G elementary school in point of universal design. The study was carried out by the observing and measuring method and the survey method. It focused on 53 universal design related items which consisted of 5 principles; accessibility, supportiveness, adaptiveness, safety, and equality. The subjects for the survey were 170 students from first to sixth grade of G elementary school. Findings were as follows ; 1) The elementary school had many barriers for the wheelchair users to use. 2) The width of door and passage between desks, and the front and back space in classroom were not wide to pass through. Also, the students responded that the size of desk, chair, and individual locker was not enough. That is, Some items of accessibility and supportiveness were not met in classrooms. 3) Most items related to restroom were evaluated negatively by the students. 4) The dining tables were arranged monotonously in a rows. This emphasized the institutional mood. 5) Some evaluations to their school environment were significantly different by their gender and grade.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2013

Even though the notice No. 2010-11 of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Administration that has been applied to analyze the content of the water soluble residue eluted from multi-layer paperboard was abolished in 2011, its application for the analysis on evaporation residue is still valid. There are very high possibilities that the noticed existing method gives the misleading result on the evaporation residue due to the water soluble starch eluted from the multi-layer paperboard. The quantitative analysis on water-soluble residue with starch content correction has been carried in the study using UV/Vis spectroscopy and HPLC. The UV/Vis spectroscopy absorbance analysis showed the large amount of the oxidized starch obtained from the aqueous residue eluted out of the multi-layer paperboard after the iodine, ${\alpha}$-amylase reaction, and starch hydrolysis. The residual content decreased by the correction through the enzyme hydrolysis.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2012

This study analyzes Korea health panel data (2008) (beta version 1.2) of Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, and National Health Insurance Corporation to figure out determinants of healthcare expenditure. In result of Multiple Logistic Analysis, in-patents felt burden on the medical expenditure were 70.0%. As to the patients' payment of medical expenditure, patients over 65 years old had 4.765 times higher than those under 14 years, disabled patients 2.778 than non-disabled patients, chronic patients 1.632 times than non-chronic patients, patients belonging to 12 million won ~ 46 million won and under 12 million won in family income had 1.680 times and 2.168 times respectively than patients with over 46 million won, patients in professional recuperation facility 1.546 times than patients in hospital, patients in private medical institutions 1.700 times than patients in national and public medical institutions, patients using upper grade rooms 1.701 times than patients in non-upper grade rooms. As a health care safety net mechanism to protect people from medical expenditure burden, there is the patients' payment ceiling in the National Health Insurance System. Thus, in order to facilitate the patient's payment ceiling, it is required that the level of ceiling is to be specified according to the income level, and self-payment items is to be included.

• 의료커뮤니케이션
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2018

Background: Nursing college students are exposed to information about diseases or drugs, and are likely to have a distorted perception of drug knowledge or behavior. The study aimed to identify knowledge and attitude about drugs and current status of self-medication among nursing students. Methods: The subjects were 172 nursing students from a university in Busan. Data were collected with structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, and one-way ANOVA using SPSS 23.0. Results: Nursing students had a high level of knowledge about drugs, but attitudes toward drugs were relatively low. 83.7% of patients had experience of self-medication. The methods to acquire information for self-administration were 29.9% by smart phone and 27.1% by internet. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) among self-medication drugs was the highest. The most common reason for self-medication was 'I thought it to be a mild disease', and the pharmacists were the most affected by choice of self-medication. The knowledge about drugs was statistically significant according to grade, school life satisfaction and subjective health status. The attitudes about medication were statistically significant according to grade and self-medication experience. Conclusion: Nursing college students need drug safety education to improve awareness and practice of correct drug use.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.505-518
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• 2021

The present paper has been carried out to understand the effects of impact loading on the rock tunnels, constructed in different region corresponding to varying unconfined compressive strength (UCS), through finite element method. The UCS of rockmass has substantial role in the stability of rock tunnels under impact loading condition due to falling rocks or other objects. In the present study, Dolomite, Shale, Sandstone, Granite, Basalt, and Quartzite rocks have been taken into consideration for understanding of the effect of UCS that vary from 2.85 MPa to 207.03 MPa. The Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model has been considered in the present study for the nonlinear elastoplastic analysis for all the rocks surrounding the tunnel opening. The geometry and boundary conditions of the model remains constant throughout the analysis and missile has 100 kg of weight. The general hard contact has been assigned to incorporate the interaction between different parts of the model. The present study focuses on studying the deformations in the rock tunnel caused by impacting load due to missile for tunnels having different concrete grade, and steel grade. The broader range of rock strength depicts the strong relationship between the UCS of rock and the extent of damage produced under different impact loading conditions. The energy released during an impact loading simulation shows the variation of safety and serviceability of the rock tunnel.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2024

This review paper provides a detailed analysis of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottle recycling in Japan. Japan is a global leader in PET bottle recycling due to its advanced regulatory framework and proactive industry initiatives. Japan's success attributes to the widespread adoption of bottle-to-bottle recycling, driven by the beverage industry's commitment to sustainability. By utilizing post-consumer PET bottle recovery and food-grade mechanical recycling technologies, Japan has achieved significant milestones in PET bottle recycling. This paper examines regulatory frameworks, collection systems, reprocessing facilities, and food safety assessments to highlight Japan's innovative approaches to PET bottle recycling and their impact on global sustainability efforts. Drawing parallels with Korea's early stages of PET recycling, it suggests involving major beverage companies and re-evaluating regulations to promote bottle-to-bottle recycling. The focus is on the implications for Korea to promote circular economy principles in plastic recycling.