• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.555-561
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the microbiological hazards of dried fish (Jwieochae, Ojingeochae and Bugeochae), and to apply pretreatment methods to increase the safety of cooked dried fish within foodservice establishments. Microbiological inspections were conducted on Total Plate Count, Coliforms, E. coli, E. coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. The study results are summarized as follows. According to the Hazard analysis, there are many problems showing high numbers in terms of Total Plate Count and Coliforms, which were both well over acceptable standard levels. E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus were detected at certain foodservice establishments, while E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were not detected at all. By applying various pretreatment methods, such as washing, blanching, pan frying and microwave heating, the levels of microbiological hazards were able to be controlled and lowered. Blanching was the most effective method, followed by panfrying, microwave heating and washing. The Total Plate Counts gradually decreased with increasing number of times washed and seconds panfried. From these results, it is concluded that to guarantee food safety, cooked dried fish raw materials should be kept hygienically and appropriate pretreatment methods applied before cooking.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.74-79
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• 2013

Aiming at reducing deaths and injuries involving construction crane operations, OSHA has recently updated its 40-year-old crane safety standards with new rules addressing the use of cranes and derricks in construction. The goal of this change in rule is to deal with the leading causes of fatalities related to crane and derrick operations. Employers in the construction industry are mandated to ensure that employees in the work zone are trained to recognize hazards associated with the use of the equipment and any related duties that they are assigned to perform. However, those responsible at construction sites for the supervision and management of safe crane operations often lack the integrated knowledge of the standards, regulations and best practices for conducting or supervising daily, monthly, or quarterly inspection of cranes. As such, proper planning, management and implementation of crane operations, including inspections are just as paramount to reducing accidents on the construction site. It is important that engineers responsible for the management and planning of crane operations understand the latest OSHA crane and hoisting standards to ensure a safer work environment is maintained. Many on site engineers overseeing crane operations do not have adequate training, experience, and knowledge of the inspection requirements to assess safe crane operation and too often rely on the crane operator's judgement. This paper highlights recent research effort in defining significant changes in new crane and hoisting standards and provides basis for safety construction operations.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.310-321
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• 2007

Effective and systematic sanitation management programs are necessary to prevent foodborne disease outbreaks in school foodservice operations. The purpose of this study was to identify the elements to improve in order to ensure the safety of school food service by evaluating sanitation management practices implemented under HACCP-based programs. The survey was designed to assess the level of hygiene practices of school food service by using an inspection checklist of food hygiene and safety. Fifty-four school foodservice establishments considered as poor sanitation practice groups from two year inspections by Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education were surveyed from September to December in 2005. Inspection checklists consisted of seven categories with 50 checkpoints; facilities and equipment management, personal hygiene, ingredient control, process control, environmental sanitation management, HACCP system and safety management. Surveyed schools scored $68.0{\pm}12.42$ points out of 100 on average. The average score (% of compliance) of each field was 10.7/20 (53.3%) for facilities and equipment management, 7.4/11 (67.2%) for personal hygiene, 7.4/11 (74.1%) for ingredient control, 22.4/32 (69.8%) for process control, 8.9/12 (73.8%) for environmental sanitation management, 4.2/7 (59.7%) for HACCP systems management, and 7.2/8 (89.7%) for safety management, respectively. The field to be improved first was the sanitation control of facilities and equipment. The elements to improve this category were unprofessional consultation for kitchen layout, improper compartment of the kitchen area, lacks of pest control, inadequate water supply, poor ventilation system, and insufficient hand-washing facilities. To elevate the overall performance level of sanitation management, prerequisite programs prior to HACCP plan implementation should be stressed on the school officials, specifically principals, for the integration of the system.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.257-266
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• 2014

This study has been performed to come up with any rational way for responding to the functions of fire-fighting spaces newly required by the changing social paradigms and to seek for the approach to designing fire-fighting spaces by taking into account the psychological and behavioral factors of fire-fighters who are exposed stress of operations. In particular, it is to satisfy any physical and functional requirements as special working-spaces and to reflect the psychological and behavioral approach to the workers who are forced to be at standby for a long time, which is the characteristic of their operation, to designing. Accordingly, for fundamental appreciation of whether or not such space programs as space organization needed for operational function are being practiced actively, the fire-fighting headquarters of Incheon City has been selected for the research. First, in the process of assessing the trend of organizing the space at safety centers for the recent 20 years, those built more than 20 years ago were left out from the space selection for the research. Second, those with less than 20 operators also were excluded. Third, among those completed in the same year, only one was selected, which was to avoid overlapping, with the consideration its regional representative nature for applying the safety centers in the jurisdiction of the headquarters equally. The study was performed through the visits to and the actual inspections by surveys at the selected 119 Safety Centers as well as the reviews of literature based on case studies. And for the assessment of significance, surveys and analysis of reliability and factors were carried out. The actual users of Safety Centers were picked as objects for the assessment of significance of space factors at 119 Safety Centers, which revealed that there are five types of dimensions for factor-analyzing standard with which users estimate any significance, which are "Area of Mobilization Preparation and Return" "Area of Standby" "Area of Working Activities" "Area of Employ Welfare" and "Area of Support".

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.657-665
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• 2021

Nondestructive evaluation methods play an important role in ensuring component integrity and safety in many industries. Operator fatigue can play a critical role in the reliability of such methods. This is important for inspecting high value assets or assets with a high consequence of failure, such as aerospace and nuclear components. Recent advances in convolution neural networks can support and automate these inspection efforts. This paper proposes using residual neural networks (ResNets) for real-time detection of corrosion, including iron oxide discoloration, pitting and stress corrosion cracking, in dry storage stainless steel canisters housing used nuclear fuel. The proposed approach crops nuclear canister images into smaller tiles, trains a ResNet on these tiles, and classifies images as corroded or intact using the per-image count of tiles predicted as corroded by the ResNet. The results demonstrate that such a deep learning approach allows to detect the locus of corrosion via smaller tiles, and at the same time to infer with high accuracy whether an image comes from a corroded canister. Thereby, the proposed approach holds promise to automate and speed up nuclear fuel canister inspections, to minimize inspection costs, and to partially replace human-conducted onsite inspections, thus reducing radiation doses to personnel.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.197-207
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• 2023

Concrete is a widely used material due to its excellent compressive strength and durability. However, depending on the surrounding environment and the characteristics of the materials used in the construction, various defects may occur, such as cracks on the surface and subsidence of the structure. The detects on the surface of the concrete structure occur after completion or over time. Neglecting these cracks may lead to severe structural damage, necessitating regular safety inspections. Traditional visual inspections of concrete walls are labor-intensive and expensive. This research presents a deep learning-based semantic segmentation model designed to detect cracks in concrete walls. The model addresses surface defects that arise from aging, and an image augmentation technique is employed to enhance feature extraction and generalization performance. A dataset for semantic segmentation was created by combining publicly available and self-generated datasets, and notable semantic segmentation models were evaluated and tested. The model, specifically trained for concrete wall fracture detection, achieved an extraction performance of 81.4%. Moreover, a 3% performance improvement was observed when applying the developed augmentation technique.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.169-174
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• 2018

A total of 594 reservoirs (17%), which are managed by KRC, equipped with earthquake-resistant facilities whereas remaining ones did not. In addition, reservoirs were placed without the effect of geological structures (i.e., fault and lineament). Therefore, development on technique for alleviating the potential hazards by natural disasters along faults and lineaments has required. In addition, an effective reinforcement guideline related to the geological vulnerabilities around reservoirs has required. The final goal of this study is to suggest the effective maintenance for the safety of earth fill dams. A radius 2 km, based on the center of the reservoir in the study area was set as the range of vulnerability impacts of each reservoir. Seismic design, precise safety diagnosis, seismic influence and geological structure were analyzed for the influence range of each reservoir. To classify the vulnerability of geological disasters according to the fault distribution around the reservoir, evaluation index of seismic performance, precise safety diagnosis, seismic influence and geological structure were also developed for each reservoir, which were a component of the vulnerability assessment of geological disasters. As a result, the reservoir with the highest vulnerability to geological disasters in the pilot district was analyzed as Kidong reservoir with an evaluation index of 0.364. Within the radius of 100km from the epicenter of the Pohang earthquake, the number of agricultural infrastructure facilities subject to urgent inspections were 1,180 including reservoirs, pumping stations and intakes. Four reservoirs were directly damaged by earthquake among 724 agricultural reservoirs. As a result of the precise inspection and electrical resistivity survey of the reservoir after the earthquake, it was reported that cracks on the crest of reservoirs were not a cause of concern. However, we are constantly monitoring the safety of agricultural facilities by Pohang aftershocks.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

In 2008, 17, 596 dams and reservoirs are scattered across South Korea, and 17, 505 of them (99.5 %) are used for agriculture and 99.3 % are fill dam types. This study aimed to review literature related to the precise safety diagnosis system for agricultural reservoirs established by Korea Rural Community Corporation (KRCC) and analyze problems of its evaluation method. And then, it proposed ways to improve the system including a modified diagnosis system, which was applied to pilot districts in order to verify the utility. For assessment model development of agricultural reservoir, we reviewed status of precision safety inspections systems of agricultural reservoir. There are many problems such as assess agricultural reservoir not by sheet which used in fill dam but by block which used in concrete dam construction and diversion tunnel which main element in reservoir levee is treated as water intake facility. For considering diversion tunnel in reservoir levee, previous precision safety inspection systems which summed in separated phenomenon, separated element, separated site, separated facility was change to new systems which summed in site, phenomenon, element, and facility. Compared results of previous inspection system calculated total assessment index (Ec) with new system calculated total assessment index (Ec) are not show statistical difference.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.105-114
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• 2017

Objectives: The Ministry of Employment and Labor's enforcement programs, such as workplace monitoring inspection, are one of the major public efforts to protect worker's health. Therefore, a more effective inspection method is required for workplace monitoring, which is helpful for controlling health hazards in the workplace. Methods: For this study, we investigated the related safety and health laws, regulations, and inspection guidelines from the USA, Japan, and Korea. We also analyzed the provisions of industrial safety and health acts, which are related to enhancing the reliability of workplace monitoring. We applied the process of opinion convergence through an experts meeting for our research. Results: We proposed an efficient inspection scheme for workplace monitoring that includes how to select companies(mainly randomized inspections by using a workplace measurement database and workers' compensation insurance database), how to proceed with the inspection process(mainly unannounced visits), and who should carry out this project. Conclusions: We conclude that our proposal for the inspection of workplace monitoring could be a very effective tool for reducing the numbers of companies that do not undertake workplace monitoring and could produce reliable monitoring results.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.35-55
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• 2001

Recently, as tunnel structures are getting older and decrepit, many tunnel inspections are carried out for evaluating the tunnel state and safety. But, because there is no exact standard for tunnel state and safety, depending on subjective decision, the new standard to assess the tunnel state is required. The existing standard including mainly the assessment of the state of tunnel lining is not considered the characteristics of tunnel as underground structures. Also, the item of assessment and process of grading and classifying the state of tunnel is not objective and systemetic. In this study, new standard for assessment of tunnel state is presented for improving the problems in evaluating the tunnel state and safety. In the new standard, the new items of assessment including geotechnical condition were selected and graded, the process in classifying the tunnel state is quantitative for objective assessment for tunnel state. This new standard and method is practically used in effective safety inspection and diagnosis and tunnel maintenance.