• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2020

Background: Blood stasis (BS) is commonly used for pattern identification in traumatic injuries, including traffic accidents (TAs). Various studies have identified the efficacy of Korean medicine treatments for TA patients, but studies focusing on the BS-based herbal medicine (BSHM), including Tongdo-san (TDS), are rare. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective observational study, conducted from August 24^th, 2018 to December 27^th, 2018, which included 40 TA patients. Participants underwent routine Korean medicine treatments including acupuncture, electronic moxibustion, cupping, physical therapy, and herbal medicine. In the herbal medicine treatment, participants took BSHM with more than 3 days including taking TDS. The primary outcome measures were the scores from a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale (NRS). Secondary outcome measures included scores from EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) and EQ-VAS questionnaires, the BS and cold/heat indices, and safety assessments. Results: There were significant improvements in the VAS, NRS, EQ-5D, EQ-VAS scores, and BS index after treatment. In the sub-analysis, VAS, NRS, EQ-5D, and EQ-VAS scores were higher in groups with a higher BS index. The moderate and severe BS index groups showed more improvement than the minor BS index group, and there was a significant difference in the EQ-5D scores. There was no significant differences observed in cold/heat index groups scores. Conclusion: BS is associated with TA-related symptoms. BSHM, including TDS, may significantly reduce BS, pain, and discomfort.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.84-107
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• 2011

Purposes : The purpose of present study is to detect the effects of ointment contained Takrisodok-Eum on the skin barrier's recovery of the Atopic dermatitis. Methods : A total of 44 patients who visited Semyung Oriental Medical Center from April 27th, 2011 to September 20th, 2011 were included in the study. In this study, the patients were treated with Takrisodok-Eum (experimental group) and positive control group. For 8 weeks of gross examination, hematological examination and instrumental asessment were made before and after the study to examine how well the products for experimental group with those for control group in recovering the damaged skin barriers by Atopic dermatitis. Results : 1. In the primary endpoint, SCORAD Index showed a statistically significant decline in experimental group. 2. In the secondary endpoint index of skin hydration, both the experimental group and the control group showed statistical significance. 3. In the secondary endpoint index of TEWL, the experimental group showed greater statistical significance than the control group. 4. In the secondary endpoint index of skin pH, skin pH showed a statistically significant decline in both the control group and the experimental group within the normal range. 5. In the secondary endpoint index of Total IgE, Eosinophil count, IL-10, IL-13, both the experimental group and the control group showed no statistical significance. 6. To evaluate the safety of the products for the human body, hematological examination and hematological biochemical examination, vital sign check were conducted; both control group and experimental group showed no abnormal level. And There were no severe adverse events during this study. Therefore, it is suggested that the safety of the products, if used for certain period, should be safe for the human body. Conclusions : According to the above experiments, it is suggested that Takrisodok-Eum should be effective for the Atopic dermatitis.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.478-489
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• 2003

기존의 국내에서 안개 관련된 연구는 안개 자체에 대한 연구와 안개의 지역적인 분포에 대한 연구가 그 주류를 이루어 왔다. 본 연구는 도로상에서 시정을 저하시켜서 안전한 운행에 지장을 주고 교통-사고를 유발시킬 수 있는 안개를 도로위험안개로 정의하고 그 위험정도를 정량적으로 나타낼 수 있는 위험안개 발생지표를 개발하였다. 이 지표는 안전운행에 영향을 주고 사고를 유발시킬 수 있는 다양한 사항, 즉 안개의 발생빈도를 나타내는 안개발생일수, 안개의 지속시간, 시정거리 등을 고려하여 개발되었으며 개발된 지표에 근거하여 국내의 위험안개발생지역의 분포와 그 위험정도를 파악할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 한국의 안개특성을 고려하여서 위험정도를 정량화하고 가중치를 개발한 국내 최초의 연구라는 점에서 의의가 있고 개발된 지표에 근거한 위험지역의 안전관리 대상 선정과 그에 대한 안전시설물의 설치, 사고위험지점의 원인분석 및 그에 대한 대처방안 등을 수립하는데 유용한 자료로 사용될 수 있다. 더 나아가, 외국의 경우와 같이 도로의 노선선정시 위험안개발생지표가 높은 지역에 대해서는 노선의 변경 또는 노선선택 후 그에 대한 대책수립과 같은 적극적인 안전관리가 가능하다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.249-259
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• 2020

지중 구조물의 한계상태설계를 위한 설계 기준이 해외에서는 이미 발표된 바 있고 국내에서도 설계법 개정을 위한 연구가 수행되고 있다. 지진 시 파괴확률을 추정하기 위해서는 신뢰성 분석에서 확률변수를 고려해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 국내 지반 확률 특성치를 고려한 토압에 대한 변동계수와 지진하중 효과에 대한 변동계수를 적용하여 기존 쉴드 터널 설계 단면에 대한 지진 시 파괴확률을 계산하였다. 산정된 파괴확률로부터 신뢰도지수(β)를 산정하고 하중 계수의 변화에 따른 신뢰도지수를 분석한 결과와 국내외 연구결과를 토대로 쉴드 터널 세그먼트 라이닝의 지진 시 목표 신뢰도지수(β_T)는 2.3이 합리적인 것으로 분석되어, 지진 시 한계상태설계를 위한 목표 신뢰도 지수로 제안하였다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate efficacy and safety of Punica granatum L. Actinidia chinensis Planch. mixed extract on body fat. Methods: Thirty women were recruited ($25kg/m^2{\leq}body$ mass index [BMI]${\leq}29.9kg/m^2$) ($19yr{\leq}age{\leq}38yr$) and randomized to receive Punica granatum L. Actinidia chinensis Planch. mixed extract or placebo for 8 weeks. During the test, they visited four times including screening. Body fat mass, body fat rate, anthropometric dimensions at waist and hip, waist-hip ratio, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured at screening and 8 weeks after screening. Adverse reaction were also checked each visit. Results: There were no significant differences in all index. But when divide experimental group by BMI index, age, and compliance, less than BMI $27kg/m^2$ group decreased body weight, body fat mass and more than BMI $27kg/m^2$ group also decreased body weight, body fat mass and waist circumference. Less than age 30 years group showed decline of waist circumference, fat free rate and T-cholesterol and more than age 30 years group showed decline of fat free mass. Group with compliance more than 95% was decreased BMI, fat free mass, and hip circumference. Conclusions: There was no significant efficacy as compared with placebo group, but as divide experimental group according to BMI index, age, compliance, mixed extract might be effective to reduce obesity index.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.268-272
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• 2013

This study is designed as pilot study to report the efficacy and safety of long term medication of Oncheongeum-gamibang on atopic dermatitis. The patient of atopic dermatitis was asked to take Oncheongeum-gamibang for 3 months. Every end of month, he had gotten hematological test and SCORAD Index examination. After the clinical trial was done, he had additional examination to see the changes and duration of medicinal effect. During the period of taking Onchung-um, estimation of symptoms by SCORAD Index examination showed little bit of improvement while taking medicine and after one month, the improvement was maintained. There were no significant changes in hematologic test and liver function test during and at the end of the clinical trial. We were able to find out that it is effective and safe to take long term medication of Oncheongeum-gamibang for an individual. However, due to deficiency of the cases and immunological values, there will be additional study to make up for better result.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2018

This paper aims to analyze the accident based on changing patterns of traffic culture index. For this purpose, this paper particularly focuses on classifying the traffic culture patterns and developing the traffic accidents using panel count data model. The main results are as follows. First, the traffic culture patterns are divided into 'increasing', 'decreasing' and 'other' patterns. The null hypotheses that the number of accident are the same over patterns are rejected. Second, 4 fixed effect negative binomial models which are all statistically significant are developed. Third, the regions with 'increasing' pattern are analyzed to be mostly the counties, and to demand the traffic law enforcement. Fourth, the regions with 'decreasing' pattern are evaluated to be mainly the districts and to require such the traffic culture as turn signal usage. Finally, the regions with 'other' pattern are analyzed to be mostly the cities and to ask for enhancing the level of traffic culture.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2015

Techniques, using physical wedge filter and using dynamic wedge filter and FIF(Field in Field) and ISCT(Irregular Surface Compensating Technique), have been developed according to progress of radiation therapy of breast cancer. Measurement of dose was done to judge the usefulness of technique using three cases, non tissue loss after breast conserving operating and tissue loss after breast conserving operating and mastectomy. Dose indexes of breast tissue, CI (Conformity Index), HI (Homogeneity Index) and QOC (Quality of Coverage), dose index of skin, or dose indexes of lung, volume of 50 percent dose and 20 percent dose were estimated and compared. Using dynamic wedge filter is useful plan at non tissue loss allowing for high dose of lung. FIF and ISCT are useful plan at tissue loss. ISCT is useful plan at mastectomy. Henceforth, we need to apply to valid plan and body type and thorax size.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.423-432
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• 2014

Objective and Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of individual characteristics, work-related factors, lifestyle factors, and health problems with work ability among aging workers in Korea. Method: In this cross-sectional survey, the study population consisted of 1,594 workers who had participated in a voluntary health promotion center and private workplace. Participants completed the work ability index. Results: The mean WAI score was 37.4, while the mean age of the sample was 43.25. In the age group over 50 showed 36.26. The majority of participants rated their work ability as 'good' to 'excellent', one-third moderate and about 7.5% poor. Work ability decreased significantly with age among the men. The younger group had higher scores on the work ability index than the age group over 50, except for mental resources. By work characteristics, work ability was analyzed to be the lowest in the case of work handling heavy stuff. Lastly, as a result of health factors analysis, the good management and retention of current health status can be the measure helpful to the improvement of work ability. Conclusion and Application: According to the results, it can be a basic principle to devise and enforce preventive measures on the factors for which improvement or action is possible, together with workplace-level systematic approach, in order to improve work ability. For such measures to be realized, it is necessary to check trends in change for several years.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.879-888
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• 2018

Probability-based design codes have been developed to sufficiently confirm the safety level of structures. One of the most acceptable probability-based approaches is Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD), which measures the safety level of the structures in terms of the reliability index. The main contribution of this paper is to calibrate the load and resistance factors of the design code for tunnels. The load and resistance factors are calculated using the available statistical models and probability-based procedures. The major steps include selection of representative structures, consideration of the limit state functions, calculation of reliability for the selected structures, selection of the target reliability index and calculation of load factors and resistance factors. The load and resistance models are reviewed. Statistical models of resistance (load carrying capacity) are summarized for strength limit state in bending, shear and compression. The reliability indices are calculated for several segments of a selected circular tunnel designed according to the tunnel manual report (Tunnel Manual). The novelty of this paper is the selection of the target reliability. In doing so, the uniform spectrum of reliability indices is proposed based on the probability paper. The final recommendation is proposed based on the closeness to the target reliability index.