• Title/Summary/Keyword: Safety Importance and Significance

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A Study on the Development of Universal Design Evaluation System in the Public Space (공공공간의 유니버설디자인 평가체계 개발 연구)

  • Park, Cheongho
    • Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.25-37
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to develop an evaluation system using the weighted-values of various users and experts for the public space to apply Universal Design, and additionally to find out the commonalities and differences by comparing the importance of evaluation indicators between users and expert groups. Method: A one-sample t-test was conducted to verify that the components of the public space to universal design application are suitable as evaluation indicators, and AHP(analytic hierarchy process) was performed to derive weight-values for the evaluation system. Results: The importance-values for the total 23 facilities to be used as evaluation indicators were derived by multiplying the weighted-values of each sector, domain, and facility by the disabled, non-disabled, and experts. To summarize the results of overall importance-values derived from the AHP, The disabled showed high-rank weighted-values in facilities of building sector > park & recreation sector > cross domain and low-rank weighted-values for sidewalk and roadway domain. The non-disabled showed high-rank weighted-values in facilities of park & recreation sector > roadway domain > building sector > cross domain and low-rank weighted-values for sidewalk domain. Experts mainly showed high-rank weighted-values in the cross domain and in facilities related to entry and movement to the target space in all sectors and domains. However, it showed moderate importance-values in the sanitary space. The disabled who are restricted to movement have a high demand for universal design in buildings consisting of vertical moving line, and non-disabled people who are not limited to physical movement have a high demand for universal design in parks and recreation sector for increased leisure time. It means that experts are important to recognize the principles of making space because they value cross domain and the key spaces and facilities for suitable the purpose of use. In addition, it can be inferred that non-disabled people have a higher demand for safety than disabled people due to their high importance in roadway domain and facilities of safety and disaster prevention. Implications: The significance of this study is the establishment of a quantitative universal design evaluation system for public spaces considering the different perspectives of the disabled and the non-disabled.

Different Perception on Product Attributes of HMR: Focusing on College Students and Consumers (가정간편식의 제품속성에 대한 인식차이: 대학생들과 소비자를 중심으로)

  • Yang, Hoe-Chang;Kim, Jong-Baek;Kim, An-Sik
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.47-56
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    • 2016
  • Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference in the degree of significance and satisfaction perceived by college students and ordinary consumers on the HMR product attributes. Comparison of the difference on HMR product attributes between ordinary consumers and college students who belong to the current and future consumption groups of HMR will provide information for clear marketing strategies and PR on target consumers from the aspects of companies. Also, overall difference on HMR was investigated through IPA(importance-performance analysis) on significance and satisfaction with each product attribute. This result will provide information to food companies that produce or supply HMR products to be supplemented and improved. Finally, IPA was conducted between groups on product attribute to find which difference exists between groups. This result is also expected to provide crucial information to companies as suggested in the first purpose. Research design, data, and methodology - The procedure of analysis is as follows. First, independent sample t-test was conducted on the significance and satisfaction on HMR product attributes. Second, with using IPA, the significance and satisfaction on HMR product attributes of the respondents were checked to investigate marketing strategy direction on overall HRM products. Third, the difference between generations was verified using IPA on the college student and consumer groups. According to this result, the direction of marketing strategy on HRM products was to be proposed to food companies. Results - It was known that consumers consider HMR product attributes statistically and significantly such as nutrient content(nutrition), country of origin, brand, main raw material, packaging, and awareness of manufacturer. They keep after purchase more importantly than college students who considered only volume and price than consumers. In comparison with the difference in satisfaction on HMR product attributes, the college student group was more satisfied than ordinary consumers only in flavor, condition of food additives, and volume. Also, HMR related food companies must maintain taste, cooking method, manufacturing date, expiration date, and safety on current products continuously. Finally, as a result of analysis from the groups, the attributes such as cooking method, manufacturing date, expiration date, and safety were considered significantly with high achievement by the two groups. It was known that college students considered food texture to be important, but consumers considered storage method to be important after purchasing it. Conclusions - There is necessity to differentiate effectiveness of products when releasing HMR products subject to consumers and college students. The result will give great assistance to the improvement of companies, produce or supply HMR products. It will also provide entry strategies on target groups of companies that are planning for entry. The factors that consumers commonly considered not to be significant were brand, package form(appearance), cooking time, and sale(purchase) location, which were found in the comparison with the groups that awareness about manufacturers and storage method after purchase corresponded to college students and that distribution route corresponded to ordinary consumers.

Further evidence of changing stability of atmosphere and climate on spallation product measurement (핵파쇄잔류물질의 지표면도달량 측정결과를 이용한 기후와 대기구조의 불안정변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Hartwig, Sylvius
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.17-20
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    • 2003
  • In a recent paper (Hartwig, ms.) I have shown that it is possible to understand and discuss the changing Austausch (i.e., exchange of air parcels between different atmospheric layers) between the stratosphere and troposphere by means of long-term measurement on series of spallation products. It is well known (Friend 1961; Muet et al. 1966, Hartwig et al. 1969) that there is a seasonal pattern in the 7Be concentration of ground-level air with a maximum during May-June. This maximum is caused by enhanced exchange processes between the atmospheric compartments of the stratosphere and troposphere during this interval. Generally, those exchange processes are a consequence of stability and dynamics of the atmospheric compartments, which themselves result from, among other factors, the distribution of the heat sources in those compartments, namely the ground and the ozone layer. Because of the growing importance of anthropogenic infrared-active gases in the atmosphere, it is to be expected that the relative importance of those original, naturally occurring heat sources will be of lesser significance, thus altering the Austausch. And indeed, it has been shown (Hartwig, ms.) by considering the ratio of the annual maximum and minimum during a 28-yr period of 7Be ground-level concentration at Braunschweig, Germany (10$^{\circ}$33'E, 52$^{\circ}$17'N) (Kolb 1992; Wershofen 1993), that there is a steady decline in that ratio, thus indicating alteration of atmospheric Austausch within the last three decades.(omitted)

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Marina Development on the Importance of Optimum Demand and Location Selection Study (마리나 개발 적정수요와 입지선정의 중요도에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jae-Hyung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.406-415
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    • 2012
  • The research aims to provide its results to each municipal corporation after an in-depth analysis of its optimum demand and also the significance of post-development location selection. The research results, related to the future development of Marina from the municipal corporation, are as follows: There are approximately 49 proper domestic demands after the Marina development. In further detail, there must be a development of the coastal zone Marina concept after classifying the regions to their Metropolitan areas and networking the Marina to each section. Moreover, the classification of the Marinas to small, medium, and large size is of absolute necessity. Regionally, 10 large Marinas must be developed for metropolitan area (2), Chungcheong area (1), Jeolla area (2), Gyeongsang Provinces (3), Gangwon area (1), and Jeju (1). The 17 mid-sized leisure sports Marinas must be developed for metropolitan area (3), Chungcheong area (2), Jeolla area (2), Gyeongsang Provinces (6), Gangwon area (2), and Jeju (2). The rest of 22 small Marinas must be developed for metropolitan area (2), Chungcheong area (1), Jeolla area (6), Gyeongsang Provinces (9), Gangwon area (2), and Jeju (2). In addition, there is an evident result of significant importance in the domestic positions of appropriate Marina development. A group of professionals suggested five key factors contributed to the importance including accessibility, marketability, usability, validity, and natural environment. The results, aimed to show comprehensive importance based on the five factors, ranks in the following order from highest to lowest: usability, accessibility, natural environment, marketability, and validity.

Application of Risk-Informed Methods to In-Service Piping Inspection in Framatome Type Nuclear Power Plants (프라마톰형 원전의 배관 가동중검사에 리스크 정보를 활용한 기법 적용)

  • Kim, Jin-Hoi;Lee, Jeong-Seok;Yun, Eun-Sub
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.311-317
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    • 2014
  • The Pressurized water reactor owners group (PWROG) developed and applied a risk-informed in-service inspection (RI-ISI) program, as an alternative to the existing ASME Section XI' sampling inspection method. The RI-ISI programs enhance overall safety by focusing inspections of piping at high safety significance (HSS) locations where failure mechanisms are likely to be present. Additionally, the RI-ISI program can reduce nondestructive evaluation (NDE) exams, man-rem exposure for inspectors, and inspection time, among other benefits. The RI-ISI method of in-service piping inspection was applied to 3 units (KSNPs: Korea standard nuclear power plants) and is being deployed to the other units. In this paper, the results of RI-ISI for a Framatome type (France CPI) nuclear power plant are presented. It was concluded that application of RI-ISI to the plant could enhance and maintain plant safety, as well as provide the benefits of greater reliability.

A Diagnostic Study of safety education in elementary schools based on PRECEDE Model (PRECEDE 모형을 이용한 일부 초등학교 안전교육의 진단적 연구)

  • 백경원;이명선
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.35-47
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    • 2001
  • As the complexity of the our environment is further complicated by advancements in industry and increase in vehicle traffic flow, the incidents of injury causing accidents are on the rise. Consequently, there is increasing emphasis on the importance of systematic and continual safety education for injury preventive behaviors. This study investigates safety related problems of elementary school students based on the PRECEDE model, proposed by Green et al.(1980 Green), to comprehensively identify the requirements of school safety education. The identified requirements were used to diagnose the current state of elementary school safety education through the analysis of multidimensional factors. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 594 sixth grade students from randomly selected 4 schools in Seoul to examine their injury preventive behaviors and to determine the educational diagnosis variables that affect it. The duration of the survey was 3 weeks starting from April 12, 1999 to May 8, 1999. A summary of the survey results are presented below; 1. Situations in which accidents have occurred were, in their order of frequency, ‘during play or sports activities within the school grounds’ was most frequent at 59.6%, ‘during play on local streets’ at 49.5%, and ‘traffic accidents’ at 41.6%. 2. Categorization of the injury preventive behavior showed that ‘not playing at high traffic flow locations such as streets and construction sites’ had the higher level of observance, while ‘wearing of helmets and joint protection devices during playing’ was least observed. 3. Considering injury preventive behaviors in relation to educational diagnosis variables indicated, for predisposing factors, lower ‘perception to injury accidents’ (p〈0.001) combined with higher ‘concerns for injury accidents’(p〈0.001), ‘practice of preventive behavior’(p〈0.001), and ‘the level of safety knowledge’(p〈0.001) resulted in significantly higher observance of injury preventive behaviors. For enabling factors, higher ‘perceived level of the school safety education’ (p〈0.001) and ‘availability of safety education resources’(p〈0.01) indicated significantly higher observance of injury preventive behaviors. For the reinforcing factor, frequent exposure to ‘safety education brochure’ (p〈0.01) and ‘audio-visual material for safety education’(p〈0.01) combined with more ‘regional safety education’ (p〈0.01), ‘home safety education’ (p〈0.01), ‘school safety education’(p〈0.001), and, ‘parents’ observance of preventive behaviors' (p〈0.001) showed significantly higher observance of injury preventive behaviors. 4. An analysis of the factors that affect injury preventive behaviors showed that the enabling factor ‘awareness of school safety education’ had the highest correlation with injury preventive behaviors followed by factors, in their order of significance, ‘practice of preventive behavior’, ‘perception to injury accidents’, ‘level of safety knowledge’, ‘parents’ observances of preventive behaviors', and ‘concerns for injury accidents.’

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Study of the safety education condition and injury occurrence in dental technicians- in Seoul and Gyeonggi (치과기공사의 안전교육 실태 및 상해발생 조사연구 -서울·경기 지역을 중심으로)

  • Kim, Jin;Choi, Se-Woong;Shin, Su-Jeong;Cho, Yoon-Sang;Lim, Su-Min;Shim, Jeong-Seok;Lee, Jung-Soo;Bae, Eun-Jeong
    • Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.179-185
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: It is intended to raise awareness of importance of protective equipment and necessity of safety education by examining the actual condition of measures to deal with accident, occurrence of injury, whether safety education is received or not, the actual condition of wearing protective equipment, and working environment of dental lab and dental technician. Methods: A self-administered survey was conducted for a total of 150 dental technologists. A chi-squared test and independent-samples t-test was carried out by using SPSS WIN Program (version 12.0) in order to analyze the actual condition of safety education according to work experience and position and whether injury occurred according to whether to wear protective equipment. Significance level was 0.05. Results: With regard to whether injury occurred according to whether safety education was received, there was 'receiving the safety education-injured (71.8%)', 'not receiving the safety education-injured (79.7%)', 'receiving the safety education-not injured (28.2%)', and 'not receiving the safety education-not injured (20.3%)'. The statistical results of injury occurrence according to safety education were not significant. With regard to whether to be injured according work experience, there was 'less than 10 years-injured (68.4%)', 'less than 10 years- not injured (31.6%)', '10 years or above-injured (89.1%)', and '10 years or above-not injured (10.9%)'. The statistical results of injury occurrence according to work experience were significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Dental lab and specialized agencies should continue to be interested in periodic safety training, recommending wearing protective equipment and personal protective equipment support and so on.

Study on the EDA based Statistics Attributes Discovery and Utilization for the Maritime Safety Statistics Items Diversification (해상안전 통계 항목 다양화를 위한 EDA 기반 통계 속성 도출 및 활용에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Seong Kyung;Lee, Young Jai
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.26 no.7
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    • pp.798-809
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    • 2020
  • Evidence-based policymaking and assessments for scientific administration have increased the importance of statistics (data) utilization. Statistics can explain specific phenomena by providing numerical values and are a public resource for national decision making. Due to these inherent attributes, statistics are utilized as baseline and base data for government policy determinations and the analysis of various phenomena. However, compared to the importance, the role of statistics is limited, and statistics are often used as simple abstracts, produced mainly for suppliers, not for consumers' perspectives to create value. This study explores the statistical data and other attributes that can be utilized for policies or research to address the problems mentioned above. The baseline statistical data used in this study is from the Maritime Distress Accident Statistical Yearbook published by the South Korean Coast Guard, and other additional attributes are from text analyses of vessel casualty situation reports from the South Korean Maritime Police. Collecting 56 attributes drawn from the text analysis and executing an EDA resulted in 88 attribute unions: 18 attribute unions had a satisfactory significance probability (p-value < .05) and a strong correlation coefficient above 0.7, and 70 attribute unions had a middle correlation. (over 0.4 and under 0.7). Additionally, to utilize the extra attributes discovered from the EDA politically, a keyword analysis for each detailed strategy of the disaster Preparation basic plan was executed, the utilization availability of the attributes was obtained using a matching process of keywords, and the EDA deducted attributes were examined.

The Impact of Organizational Safety Culture on the Resilience Ability : Focused on the Construction Industry (조직의 안전문화가 레질리언스 역량에 미치는 영향 : 건설업을 중심으로)

  • Chu, Chan Ho;An, Kang Min;Baek, Dong Hyun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.73-85
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    • 2021
  • The construction industry is considered to be a fatal accident industry, accounting for 28.5% of the total industrial accidents in 2017, as the number of industrial accidents in the construction industry has steadily increased over the past decade. So it is necessary to consider introducing Resilience Engineering, which is actively applied to risky industries around the world, to drastically reduce construction accidents. Although Resilience Engineering, which has emerged as the next-generation safety management centered on Hollnagel since the 2000s, claims the importance of strengthening Resilience abilities considering organizational structure and culture, most studies focus only on developing evaluation indicators. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of an organization's safety culture on its Resilience abilities in the construction industry. Specifically, it conducted empirical analysis on the impact of safety culture consisting of 'communication, leadership and safety systems' on the Resilience abilities(responding ability, monitoring ability, learning ability, anticipating ability), and the mediation relationship between leadership, communication, and safety system. The survey was conducted on construction workers, and an empirical analysis was conducted on the final 154 responses using SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 3. The results showed that the safety system had a significant impact on all Resilience Abilities, and communication had a significant impact on the remaining three except for anticipating ability among Resilience Abilities. On the other hand, leadership has been shown to have a significant impact on anticipating ability only. In the verifying of the mediation relationship between leadership, communication and safety systems, it was found that leadership affects all Resilience abilities by means of safety systems, but communication can only affect responding ability. This study has practical significance in that it suggests the need for policy-level efforts to introduce and apply Resilience Engineering and then expanded the effective safety management assessment of the construction industry in the future. Moreover, the academic implications are important in that the study attempted to expand the academic scope for a paradigm shift in the future as the safety culture has identified its impact on the Resilience abilities.

Developing girder distribution factors in bridge analysis through B-WIM measurements: An empirical study

  • Widi Nugraha;Winarputro Adi Riyono;Indra Djati Sidi;Made Suarjana;Ediansjah Zulkifli
    • Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.207-220
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    • 2023
  • The safety of bridges are critical in our transportation infrastructure. Bridge design and analysis require complex structural analysis procedures to ensure their safety and stability. One common method is to calculate the maximum moment in the girders to determine the appropriate bridge section. Girder distribution factors (GDFs) provide a simpler approach for performing this analysis. A GDF is a ratio between the response of a single girder and the total response of all girders in the bridge. This paper explores the significance of GDFs in bridge analysis and design, including their importance in the evaluation of existing bridges. We utilized Bridge Weigh-in-motion (B-WIM) measurements of five simple supported girder bridge in Indonesia to develop a simple GDF provisions for the Indonesia's bridge design code. The B-WIM measurements enable us to know each girder strain as a response due to vehicle loading as the vehicle passes the bridge. The calculated GDF obtained from the B-WIM measurements were compared with the code-specified GDF and the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) bridge design specification. Our study found that the code specified GDF was adequate or conservative compared to the GDF obtained from the B-WIM measurements. The proposed GDF equation correlates well with the AASHTO LRFD bridge design specification. Developing appropriate provisions for GDFs in Indonesian bridge design codes can provides a practical solution for designing girder bridges in Indonesia, ensuring safety while allowing for easier calculations and assessments based on B-WIM measurements.