• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.348-355
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• 2021

Hantaan virus(HTNV) causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) with a case fatality rate ranging from <1 to 15 % in human. Hantavax^Ⓡ is a vaccine against the Hantavirus, which has been conditionally approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety(MFDS). However, only 50 % of volunteers had neutralizing antibodies 1 year following the boost. Effective antiviral treatments against HTNV infection are limited. Hantaviruses generally cause asymptomatic infection in adult mice. On the other hand, infection of suckling and newborn mice with hantaviruses causes lethal neurological diesease or persistant infection, which is different from the disease in humans. The development of vaccines and antiviral strategies for HTNV has been partly hampered by the lack of an efficient lethal mouse model to evaluate the efficacy of the candidate vaccines or antivirals. In this report, we established a lethal mouse model for HTNV, which may facilitate in vivo studies on the evaluation of candidate drugs against HTNV. The median lethal dose value of HTNV was calculated by probit analysis of deaths occurring within two weeks. Five groups of ten ICR mice were injected intracranially with serial 2-fold dilutions (from 50 to 3.125 PFU/head) of HTNV. Mice injected with HTNV began to die at 8 days post-infection. The lethal dose required to kill 50 % of the mice (LD₅₀) was calculated to be 2.365 PFU/head.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2002

Field trials evaluating selected commercially available mosquito traps variously baited with light, carbon dioxide, and/or octenol were conducted from 18-27 September 2000 in a malarious area near Paekyeon-ri (Tongil-Chon) and Camp Greaves in Paju County, Kyonggi Province, Republic of Korea. The host-seeking activity for common mosquito species, including the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles. was determined using hourly aspirator collections from a human and propane lantern-baited Shannon trap doting hours when temperatures exceeded $15^{\circ}C$. The total number of mosquitoes and number of each species captured during the test was compared using a block design. Significant differences were observed for the total number of mosquitoes collected, such that, the Mosquito MagnetTM with octenol > Shannon trap > ABC light trap with light and dry ice > Miniature Black Light trap (manufactured by John W. Hock) $\geq$ New Jersey Trap > ABC light trap with light only. Significant differences in numbers collected among trapes were noted for several species including: Aedes vexans (Meigen), Anopheles lesteri Baisas and Hu. An. sinensis Weidemann, An. sineroides Yamada, An. yatsushiroensis Miyazaki. Culex pipiens pallets Coquillett L., Cx. orientalis Edwards and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Host-seeking activity for most common species showed a similar bimodal pattern. Results from these field trap evaluations can significantly enhance current vector and disease surveillance efforts especially for the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis, Cx. tritaeniorhunchus.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.272-278
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• 2006

Movement of pesticides applied for crop protection to the non-target environmental compartments has increasingly concerned in recent. A special review on groundwater leaching potential of pesticides registered in Korea was done by using the data submitted on half-life and adsorption of the pesticides in/on soil. Groundwater ubiquity score(GUS) of pesticides as a leaching potential was calculated by using domestic trial data on pesticide half-life in paddy or upland soils and Koc data bases of Oregon State University (OSU), British Pesticide Safety Directorate and Sweden. Of total 382 pesticides reviewed, domestic half-lives of 107 pesticides were for paddy soil and 297 pesticides for upland soil. And total 317 Koc values were collected 148 pesticides from OSU DB and 276 pesticides from UK/Sweden DB. Very highly leachable pesticides were 18 and highly leachable pesticides were 44 among 313 pesticides classified by GUS.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.491-500
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• 2022

It has been noted that an accurate estimation of wind loads on offshore structures such as an FLNG (Liquefied Natural Gas Floating P roduction Storage Offloading Units, LNG FPSOs) with a large topside plays an important role in the safety design of hull and mooring system. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a computational model for estimating the wind load acting on an FLNG. In particular, it is the sequel to the previous research by the author. The numerical computation model in the present study was modified based on the previous research. Numerical analysis for estimating wind loads was performed in two conditions for an interval of wind direction (α), 15° over the range of 0° to 360°. One condition is uniform wind speed and the other is the NPD model reflecting the wind speed profile. At first, the effect of sand-grain roughness on the speed profile of the NPD model was studied. Based on the developed NPD model, mesh convergence tests were carried out for 3 wind headings, i.e. head, quartering, and beam. Finally, wind loads on 6-degrees of freedom were numerically estimated and compared by two boundary conditions, uniform speed, and the NPD model. In the present study, a commercial RANS-based viscous solver, STAR-CCM+ (ver. 17.02) was adopted. In summary, wind loads in surge and yaw from the wind speed profile boundary condition were increased by 20.35% and 34.27% at most. Particularly, the interval mean of sway (45° < α <135°, 225° < α < 315°) and roll (60° < α < 135°, 225° < α < 270°) increased by 15.60% and 10.89% against the uniform wind speed (10m/s) boundary condition.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.84-92
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• 2022

The electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) recently has been used in flight control fields for aircraft because of its benefits of minimizing oil leakage and weight, improving safety, and etc. while independently operating the hydraulic power source and eliminating complex hydraulic piping. The aircraft of which EHA is installed inside, has the thermal management issue of EHA, because of its limited cooling source as compared with the aircraft which installs the traditional central hydraulic system. So, the thermal analysis model which predicts the thermal characteristics of EHA, is required to resolve this thermal management issue. In this study, an oil circulation circuit inside the hydraulic power module comprised of hydraulic pump and electrical motor for EHA was applied. This is for the purpose of developing the internal rotary group of hydraulic power module, which operates under the conditions of high rotation speed and hydraulic pressure. After formulating an appropriate thermal analysis model, the thermal analysis results with oil cooled or no oil cooled hydraulic control module were compared and reviewed, for the purpose of predicting the thermal characteristics of EHA.