• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.699-703
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• 1992

An oriental drug, named NP-S, traditionally used as a therapeutic agent for hepatitis B was characterized by separating into volatile and non-volatile fractions. The volatile fraction contained ammonia as determined by ammonia kit and eight peaks when it was analyzed by gas chromatography that are not identified yet. The elemental analysis showed that the non-volatile fraction contained 15.5% carbon, 4.8% hydrogen, 11% nitrogen, and 10% sulfur along with a few trace elements such as Cl, Si, Mg and Zn. NP-S contained 6.7% peptide, 0.3% free amino acids such as Lys, Pro, Arg, lie, Tyr, Phe, His, Thr and Ser and 0.1% inorganic phosphate. The drug showed antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, StaPhylococcus aureus and Candida albieans and also had antioxidant activity when thiobarbituric acid reacting substances(TBARS) method was applied.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.141-161
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• 2015

A significant portion of residential areas of Turkey is located in active earthquake zones. In Turkey occurred major earthquakes in last twenty years, such as Erzincan (1992), Kocaeli and $D{\ddot{u}}zce$ (1999), $Bing{\ddot{o}}l$ (2003), Van (2011). These earthquakes have demonstrated that reinforced concrete (RC) buildings having horizontal and vertical irregularities are significantly damaged, which in turn most of them are collapsed. Architectural design and arrangement of load-bearing system have important effect on RC building since architectural design criteria in design process provide opportunity to make this type of buildings safer and economical under earthquake loads. This study aims to investigate comparatively the effects of weak story irregularity on earthquake behavior and rough construction costs of RC buildings by considering different soil-conditions given in the Turkish Earthquake Code. With this aim, Sta4-CAD program based on matrix displacement method is utilized. Considering that different story height and compressive strength of concrete, and infill walls or their locations are the variables, a set of structural models are developed to determine the effect of them on earthquake behavior and rough construction costs of RC buildings. In conclusion, some recommendations and results related to making RC buildings safer and more economical are presented by comparing results obtained from structural analyses.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.54-57
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• 2015

A 66-year-old woman presented with intermittent paraparesis and generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Cerebral angiography demonstrated dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) involving superior sagittal sinus (SSS), which was associated with SSS occlusion on the posterior one third. The dural AVF was fed by bilateral middle meningeal arteries (MMAs), superficial temporal arteries (STAs) and occipital arteries with marked retrograde cortical venous reflux. Transfemoral arterial Onyx embolization was performed through right MMA and STA, but it was not successful, which resulted in partial obliteration of dural AVF because of tortuous MMA preventing the microcatheter from reaching the fistula closely enough. Second procedure was performed through left MMA accessed by direct MMA puncture following small decortications of cranium overlying the MMA using diamond drill one week later. Microcatheter could be located far distally to the fistula through 5 F sheath placed into the MMA and complete obliteration of dural AVF was achieved using 3.9 cc of Onyx.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.160-164
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• 1989

A 5.7Kb EcoRI fragment containing alkaline amylase gene of Bacillus sp. AL-8 obtained in the previons experiment (10) was transformed in B. subtilis via plasmid pUB110. The enzymatic proper-ties of the amylase produced by the transformants were Identical to those of the donor strain. Thus, the alkaline amylase activity from the transformant was maximum at pH 10 and 5$0^{\circ}C$. And the enzyme was very stable over the ranges of alkaline pH. In order to determine the location of the alkaline amylase gene within the 5.7Kb DNA fragment, the fragment was subcloned in E. coli. It was found that the alkaline amylase gene was located k EcoRI fragment of 3.7Kb.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.69-70
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• 2003

According to topographical methods, the chicken spermatogonia was located in basal membrane of seminiferous tubules. It has large nuclei and mitochondria and proliferated with cellular bridges. Immunohistochemistry data showed that anti-SSEA-1 antibody specifically reacted with $\textrm{A}_{pr}$ and $\textrm{A}_{al}$ type spermatogonia. Lectin, STA and integrin-6, -1 were also specific to $\textrm{A}_{s}$ type spermatogonia.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.128.3-129
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• 2003

A leaf blight disease caused by a species of Phytophthora has been observed on castor bean plants growing near dwelling houses in Manchon-dong, Daegu since 1993. The first isolate that we have kept was producing papillate, ovoid-obpyriform to obpyriform sporangia with on a simple sympodial sporangiophore from diseased tissue placed on water agar plates. The pure isolate, however, did not sporulate on agar media, and rarely even in water, but produced mycelial swellings and chlamydospores in water. Sporangia measured 26.1-77.4 ${\times}$ 23.2-44.0$\mu\textrm{m}$. Chlamydospores were either terminal or intercalary, and measured 24-29.4$\mu\textrm{m}$ in diameter. Sex organs were not formed in a single culture. In 2003, another pure isolate was isolated from castor bean plants with similar symptoms at the same place. The second isolate was distinct from the first one in that the second isolate was readily and abundantly sporulating on V8 juice agar plates. Sporangia of the second isolate were papillate, ovoid and caduceus with a pedicel. Sporangia measured 19.5-48.8 x 17.6-34.3$\mu\textrm{m}$ with 3.7$\mu\textrm{m}$ high papilla and 4.1$\mu\textrm{m}$ long pedicel. No sex organs were formed in a single isolate culture. Both isolates were pathogenic on castor bean plants. Results of the efforts to identify the two species of Phytophthora will be discussed.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.315-321
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze effects of the toe-spring angle of bobsleigh shoes on start speed lap time to develop Korean-specific bobsled shoes suitable for winter environments and for domestic players on the basis of sports science and optimized biomechanical performance. Method: Seven Korean bobsleigh athletes participated in this study, with three pairs of sprint spikes from three companies (Type A, Type B, Type C). To analyze sprint lap time and forefoot bending angle for each shoe, participants were instructed to drag a sled 15 meters from the start line at a maximum sprint. forefoot bending angle was collected by a high speed camera, and lap time speed was measured. Results: Lap time for type B shoes was $3.52{\pm}0.17sec$, type A was $3.55{\pm}0.19sec$, and type C was $3.56{\pm}0.18sec$. Forefoot bending angles were: angle 1, $6.88{\pm}5.55^{\circ}$; angle 2, $9.23{\pm}6.38^{\circ}$; angle 3, $15.56{\pm}5.39^{\circ}$; angle 4, $9.54{\pm}3.85^{\circ}$; angle 5, $9.22{\pm}5.08^{\circ}$; angle 6, $7.66{\pm}6.44^{\circ}$; and angle 7, $4.30{\pm}6.24^{\circ}$ (p<.001). Forefoot bending in angle 3 was as follows: type A, $16.47{\pm}6.01^{\circ}$; type B, $14.30{\pm}4.96^{\circ}$; and type C, $15.90{\pm}5.17^{\circ}$. Conclusion: Hard outsoles and midsoles are better than soft type for reduced start lap time when developing a prototype Korean bobsled shoe.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.969-972
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• 2000

[Fe II Fe III $BPLNP(OAc)_2](BPh_4)_2$ (1), a new model for the reduced form of the purple acid phosphatases, has been synthesized by using a dinucleating ligand, 2,6-bis[((2-pyridylmethyl)(6-methyl-2-pyridylmethyl)ami-no)methyl]-4-nitrophenol (HBPLNP) . Complex 1 has been studied by electronic spectral, NMR, EPR, SQUID, and electrochemical methods. Complex 1 exhibits two strong bands at 498 nm $(\varepsilon=$ 2.6 ${\times}10^3M-^1cm-^1)$ and 1363 nm $(\varepsilon=$ 5.7 ${\times}10^2M-^1cm-^1)$ in $CH_3CN.$ These are assigned to phenolate-to-FeIII and intervalence charge-transfer transitions, respectively. NMR spectrum of complex 1 exhibits sharp isotropically shifted resonances, which number is half of those expected for a valence-trapped species, indicating that electron transfer between FeⅡ and FeⅢ centers is faster than NMR time scale at room temperature. Complex 1 undergoes quasireversible one-electron redox processes. The $FeIII_2/FeIIFeIII$ and $FeIIFeIII/FeII_2$ redox couples are at 0.807 and 0.167 V ver-sus SCE, respectively. It has Kcomp = 5.9 ${\times}$10 1s(acetato) ligand combination sta-bilizes a mixed-valence FeIIFeIII complex in the air. Interestingly, complex 1 exhibits intense EPR signals at g = 8.56, 5.45, 4.30 corresponding to mononuclear high-spin FeⅢ species, which suggest a very weak magnetic coupling between the iron centers. Magnetic susceptibility study shows that there is a very weak antiferromag-netic coupling (J = $-0.78cm-^1$, H = $-2JS_1${\times}$S_2)$ between FeII and FeIII centers. Thus, we can suggest that complex 1 has a very weak antiferromagnetic coupling between the iron centers due to the electronic effect of the nitro group in the bridging phenolate ligand.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of endophyte staWendophyte-free and -infect) and cutting frequency(3, 4, 5 and 6 timeslyear) on the forage quality of tall fescue(Festuca crnrtzdit~crcerr Schreb.) at the Experimental Field of Grassland and Forage Crops Division. National Livestock Research Institute, Suweon, from 1993 to 1994. 'Ihe results obtained are summarized as follows: CP content of tall fexue was increased with endophyte-free and cutting frequency for two varieties. Crude protein yield(CPY) of tall fescue in 1993 was increased with endophyte-free and cutting frequency for two varieties(P<0.05). In 1994, however. CPY of endophyte-free tall fescue was slightly lower than that of endophyte-infected tall fescue and the higher CPY was observed when tall fescue was harvested 6 times per year. NDF content of tall fescue was not different between endophyte-infected and -free. NDF was decreased with cutting frequency for two varieties in 1993, however. it was not influenced by the endophyte and cutting frequency in 1994. ADF content of tall fescue was not different between endophyte-infected and -free. and it was decreased with cutting frequency for two varieties. IVDMD was not influenced by endophyte, however, it was increased with cutting frequency for two varieties. Based on the results of this experiment, it is suggested that a slight increase in forage quality could be obtained from endophyte-free tall fescue and the quality was increased with frequent cutting.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.425-429
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• 2003

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen for cattle, causing various forms of subclinical and clinical mastitis and could be a causative agent of food poisoning, it produces various superantigenic exotoxins which have a great public health significance. A total of 72 S. aureus clinical isolates from dairy farms located in Kyunggi Province Korea were examined for the species identification by biochemical method, and for the detection of $\beta$-lactamase, enterotoxin and other exotoxins genes by PCR. The results of species identification by biochemical method agreed with those of PCR done with species specific primer STA-AU. $\beta$-lactamase is an enzyme closely associated with the resistance to antibiotic penicillin, which is an important means of treatment of mastitis, all the isolates were positive for the presence of genes encoding $\beta$-lactamase, which were reproduced in penicillin susceptibility disc assay. Six types of toxin genes, Staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE)A, SEB, SEC, SEE, toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) and exfoliative toxin A (ET A) were detected in 72 isolates by PCR associated genotypic method in this study, none of the isolates carried the genes for enterotoxin D (SED) and exfoliative toxin B (ETB). The occurrence rate of exotoxin genes rated as 12.5%, and the precision of the PCR identification results has been confirmed using the reference strains.