• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.231.1-231.1
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• 2002

The anaerobic pathway for unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis was established in the 1960s in Escherichia coli. The double bond is introduced into the growing acyl chain by FabA., an enzyme capable of both the dehydration of ${\beta}$-hydroxdecanoyl-［acyl carrier protein］ (ACP) to trans-2-decenoyl-ACP. and the isomerization of trans-2 to cis-3-decenoyl-ACP. However. there are a number of anaerobic bacteria whose genomes do not contain a fabA homolog, but these organisms nonetheless produce unsaturated fatty acids. (omitted)

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1120-1128
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• 2001

한국형 찐빵 품질에 적합한 시중 밀가루 품질과 발효 시간 (0~60분) 및 첨가 재료(베이킹파우더, 쇼트닝)가 찐빵 품질에 미치는 효과를 조사하고자 박력분(LF), 중력분(MF), 강력 분(HF)과. 박력분과 강력분(HLF) 혹은 박력분과 중력분 (HMF)을 각각 동량 혼합한 것을 포함한 5종의 밀가루를 사용하여 밀가루 반죽 물성과 빵 품질을 비교하였다. 사용된 밀가루의 단백질 함량은 8.17.~12.52%, 회분은 0.38 ~ 0.41% 범위에 있으며 찐빵은 오븐에서 굽는 roll bread와는 다르게 1차 발효 과정을 생략한 제조 조건에서 찐빵 품질이 가장 우수하였고, 찐빵 제조에 요구되는 밀가루는 반죽 강도가 강한 강력분에 가까운 밀가루보다 단백질 함량이 9.5 ~ 10.9%, 범위의 반죽 강도가 중간 정도인 시중 밀가루가 찐빵 제조에 적합하였다. 찐빵 제조에 베이킹파우더 1.0~1.5%, 쇼트닝 5 ~ 7% 첨가로 빵 부피, 빵 모양, bread score, 조직감 등이 향상되었다. 전반적인 기호도가 가장 높았던 찐빵은 강력분과 박력분을 동량 혼합한 혼합분(단백질 10.53%)으로 만든 것으로 빵 껍질이 매끄럽고, 광택이 있고 희었으며, 촉감은 촉촉하고 부드러웠다. 시중 밀가루 품질과 빵 품질과의 상관성은 ro11 bread와 찐빵에서 다르게 나타났는데 roll bread의 빵 부피나 total bread score는 단백질 함량과 farinograph 반죽 물성이 모두 관련이 있었으나 찐빵의 경우 단백질 함량은 빵 부피에 영향을 미치지 않았고 새심 bread score는 단백질 보다 반죽 안정도와 상관성이 더 높았으며 빵 표면 특성은 반죽 형성 시간과 호화 점도에 의해 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2015

Currently, detecting biochemical differences before and after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for improved prediction of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a major clinical challenge. In this pilot study, we analyzed the kinetics of circulating adipokine levels in patients with or without aGVHD before and after allogeneic SCT. Serum samples were obtained and stored at $-80^{\circ}C$ within 3 hours after collection, prior to conditioning and at engraftment after transplantation. A protein array system was used to measure the levels of 7 adipokines of patients with aGVHD (n=20) and without aGVHD (n=20). The resistin level at engraftment was significantly increased (p<0.001) after transplantation, regardless of aGVHD occurrence. In the non-aGVHD group, the concentrations of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (mean values${\pm}$SD; $206.6{\pm}34.3$ vs. $432.3{\pm}108.9pg/ml$, p=0.040) and angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) (mean values${\pm}$SD; $3,197.2{\pm}328.3$ vs. $4,471.8{\pm}568.4pg/ml$, p=0.037) at engraftment were significantly higher than those of the pre-transplant period, whereas in the aGVHD group, the levels of adipokines did not change after transplantation. Our study suggests that changes in serum HGF and ANG-2 levels could be considered helpful markers for the subsequent occurrence of aGVHD.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.506-519
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• 2017

This study evaluated the protein recovery and functional properties and biological activity of boiled and steamed process water (BPW and SPW, respectively) generated from the preparation of concentrated roe of bastard halibut (BH; Paralichthys olivaceus), skipjack tuna (ST; Katsuwonus pelamis), and yellowfin tuna (YT; Thunnus albacares) using the cook-dry process. The protein loss from the water extracts (EXT) of 100 g of roe protein was 15.05-19.71% and was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of BPW (5.47-10.34%) and SPW (3.88-8.18%). The foam capacity of BPW (166-203%) and SPW (15-194%) was better than that of EXT. The emulsifying activity index of the original samples was lower than those ($15.40-107.86m^2/g$) of diluted protein samples. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and the reducing power of BPW and SPW were stronger than those of EXT. The 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid ($ABTS^+$) radical scavenging activity of EXT (0.028-0.045mg/mL) was significantly higher those of BPW and SPW. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of SPW was the highest for BH (1.04 mg/mL), followed by YT and ST. The predominant amino acids in SPW were Glu, Ala, Leu, and His. These results demonstrate that processing water containing diluted organic components, including protein, can be consumed directly by humans as a functional reinforcing material after appropriate concentration processes.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2001

Objectives : In order to study the effects of Harpagophyti Radix Aqua -acupuncture in rats with arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant, performed several experimental items : that is edema rate, number of WBC, hemazocrit, platelet, total protein and albumin. Methods : In this study rats were divided into five groups : Normal group (non treated group), Control group (non-injected group in rats with arthritis induced by FCA), ST group (0.2cc normal Saline-injected group at right Chok-Samni(Zusanli,$ST_{36}$) once in every two days during the two weeks in rats with arthritis induced by FCA), HRS group (0.2cc Harpagophyti Radix-subcutaneous injected group once in every two days during the two weeks in rats with arthritis induced by FCA), HRST group (0.2cc Harpagophyti Radix-injected group at Chok-Samni($ST_{36}$) once in every two days during the two weeks in rats with arthritis induced by FCA). Results : 1. In the right plantar edema, HRS group showed a decrease with statistical significance on the 2 weeks and HRST group showed a decrease with statistical significance on the 1 weeks as compared with control group. 2. In the WBC, HRST group showed a meaningful decrease with statistical significance and also HRS group showed a decrease with statistical significanae as compared with control group. 3. In the platelet, HRST group showed a decrease with statistical significance as compared with control group. 4. In the hematocrit, HRS group showed a increase with statistical significance as compared with control group. 5. In the serum total protein and albumin, HRS group showed a increase with statistical significance as compared with control group. Conclusions : According to the above result, it is concluded that Harpagophyti Radix Aqua-acupuncture showed the therapeutic effect of antiinflammation in adjuvant arthritis and it is suggested that further studies and researchs for clinical use be needed.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.145-164
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Injinchunggantang-derivative on proliferation of hepatocyte in rats. Cell viability is studied by MTI assay. The gene related to cell replication such as p53, waf1, bcl-2 and $bcl-_{X_L}$ is quantitized by quantitative RT-PCR and the proteins coded by these genes are studied by Western blotting. The results are as follows. 1. The hepatocytes cultured in medium with lnjinchunggantang-derivative showed better viability compared with control grroup in MTI assay, and the hepatocytes cultured in medium with the Injinchunggantang-derivative-and-ethanol-mixed group showed better viability than the hepatocytes cultrued in 10% ethanol culture medium(control group), noting that Injinchunggantang-derivative has protective effect on hepatocyte injury. There was no dose- and time-dependence. 2. In quantitative RT-PCR, i) Bel-2 gene increased significantly both in Injinchunggantang-derivative group and in Injinchunggantang-derivative-and-ethanol-mixed group, while it showed no significant increase or decrease in other group. ii) $Bcl-_{X_L}$ gene increased significantly in Injinchunggantang-derivative group as well as in Injinchunggantang-deri vative-and-ethanol -mixed group. iii) P53 gene showed no significant increase or decrease in hepatocytes cultured in medium with 10% ethanol and in hepatocytes cultured in medium with Injinchunggantang-derivative-and-ethanol-mixed group, suggesting that 10% ethanol induced cell toxicity, thus increased p53 gene expression. iv) Wafl gene showed no significant increase or decrease in hepatocytes cutured in medium with Injinchtrnggantang-derivative, while increased in hepatocytes cultured in medium with 10% ethanol and in hepatocytes cultured in medium with Injinchtrnggantang-derivative-andethanol-mixed group, suggesting that 10% ethanol induced cell toxicity increased wafl gene expression. 3. In the study on protein by western blotting, the band of bcl-2 and $bcl-_{X_L}$ were widened in Injinchtrnggantang-derivative group. Especially the amount of $bcl-_{X_L}$ increased significantly compared with other groups. But in the study on p53 and wafl, there was no significant difference among those groups. Above study shows that Injinchunggantang-derivative has good effect on cell viability and that the genes resistant to cell death such as bcl-2 and $bcl-_{X_L}$ are induced by Injinchunggantang-derivative to resist to cell death by toxic agent And this is reconfirmed in protein study using' western blotting: These results suggest that Injinchunggantang-derivative has inhibitory effect on cell death as well as protective effect on hepatocyte. Therefore this prescription is recommended in various liver diseases such as chronic liver disease and-induced hepatic injury.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2011

Effects of cooling and supplemental recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on hemato-biochemical characteristics were studied at different stages of lactation of crossbred Holstein Friesian cows in a tropical environment. Ten primiparous cows were divided into two groups of five animals each. The first group was housed as the non-cooled animals in an open-sided barn with a tiled roof in a normal shaded house (NS), while the second group was housed as cooled cows in an open-sided barn with a tiled roof under misty fan cooling (MFC). Three injections with rbST (500 mg per dose) at each stage of lactation (early, mid and late lactation) significantly increased total milk yield as compared with pretreatment in both cooled and non-cooled cows. Milk fat was significantly increased, while total solids, solid not fat, milk protein and lactose were not affected by the rbST treatment. Hematological parameters, plasma proteins, albumin, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), plasma inorganic phosphate and the activities of plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were not affected by supplemental rbST in cooled and non-cooled cows. Supplementation of rbST caused a significant decrease in plasma urea concentration, while plasma FFA concentrations significantly increased in both cooled and non-cooled cows. The results of the present study suggest that exogenous rbST is efficacious in increasing milk yield without adverse effects on lactating crossbred Holstein cows in a tropical environment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.130-137
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• 2017

Objective : Autophagy is one of the key responses of cells to programmed cell death. Memantine, an approved anti-dementia drug, has an antiproliferative effect on cancer cells but the mechanism is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to test the possibility of induction of autophagic cell death by memantine in glioma cell lines. Methods : Glioma cell lines (T-98 G and U-251 MG) were used for this study. Results : The antiproliferative effect of memantine was shown on T-98 G cells, which expressed N-methyl-D-aspartate 1 receptor (NMDAR1). Memantine increased the autophagic-related proteins as the conversion ratio of light chain protein 3-II (LC3-II)-/LC3-I and the expression of beclin-1. Memantine also increased formation of autophagic vacuoles observed under a transmission electron microscope. Transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down NMDAR1 in the glioma cells induced resistance to memantine and decreased the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in T-98 G cells. Conclusion : Our study demonstrates that in glioma cells, memantine inhibits proliferation and induces autophagy mediated by NMDAR1.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.482-489
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• 2010

배경: 본 연구에서는 정상 고감도 C-반응성 단백질(hs-CRP) 농도를 가진 안정형 관상동맥 질환 환자에서 관상동맥 질환의 중증도를 알아보기 위한 도구로서 신뢰도가 높고, 용이한 방법인 경동맥 내중막 두께의 가치를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 688명의 안정형 관상동맥 질환 환자에서 고감도 C-반응성 단백질이 비정상적으로 높은 농도를 보인($\geq$0.5 mg/dL) 121명의 환자를 제외한 567명의 환자를 대상으로 이미 알려진 관상동맥 유발 위험 인자들과 좌측 경동맥 내중막 두께 그리고 관상동맥 질환 중증도의 연관성을 알아 보았다. 환자들은 중간값(median-value)을 기준으로 경동맥 내중막 두께가 높은 군과 낮은 군으로 나누었고 관상동맥 조영술 상 3개의 주 관상동맥 중 적어도 1개 이상의 관상동맥에서 원래 직경의 50% 이상 좁아진 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 결과: 567명의 환자들 중, 중간값인 0.76 mm을 기준으로 300명(52.9%)은 경동맥 두께가 낮은 군에, 267명(47.1%)은 높은 군에 속하였다. 다변수 로지스틱 회귀분석에 의하면 높은 연령(49세 이하 vs. 70세 이상; 상대적위험률=6.552), 높은 공복 혈당(99 mg/dL 이하 vs. 120 mg/dL 이상; 상대적위험률=1.713), 관상동맥질환의 중증도(1 혈관질환 vs. 2 혈관질환; 상대적위험률=1.711, 1 혈관질환 vs. 3 혈관질환; 상대적위험률=1.714)에서 유의하게 의미가 있었다. 결론: 우리는 안정형 관상동맥질환 환자에서 경동맥 내중막 두께가 의의있게 큰 경우 C-반응성 단백질의 농도가 정상이라도 관상동맥 질환이 더 다혈관질환일 가능성이 크다고 생각할 수 있다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.461-470
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• 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure and whole-genome selection signatures of Luxi cattle to reveal its genomic characteristics in terms of meat and carcass traits, skeletal muscle development, body size, and other traits. Methods: To further analyze the genomic characteristics of Luxi cattle, this study sequenced the whole-genome of 16 individuals from the core conservation farm in Shandong region, and collected 174 published genomes of cattle for conjoint analysis. Furthermore, three different statistics (pi, F_st, and XP-EHH) were used to detect potential positive selection signatures related to selection in Luxi cattle. Moreover, gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed to reveal the potential biological function of candidate genes harbored in selected regions. Results: The results showed that Luxi cattle had high genomic diversity and low inbreeding levels. Using three complementary methods (pi, F_st, and XP-EHH) to detect the signatures of selection in the Luxi cattle genome, there were 2,941, 2,221 and 1,304 potentially selected genes identified, respectively. Furthermore, there were 45 genes annotated in common overlapping genomic regions covered 0.723 Mb, including PLAG1 zinc finger (PLAG1), dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (DOCK3), ephrin A2 (EFNA2), DAZ associated protein 1 (DAZAP1), Ral GTPase activating protein catalytic subunit alpha 1 (RALGAPA1), mediator complex subunit 13 (MED13), and decaprenyl diphosphate synthase subunit 2 (PDSS2), most of which were enriched in pathways related to muscle growth and differentiation and immunity. Conclusion: In this study, we provided a series of genes associated with important economic traits were found in positive selection regions, and a scientific basis for the scientific conservation and genetic improvement of Luxi cattle.