• Title/Summary/Keyword: ST2

Search Result 10,827, Processing Time 0.036 seconds

Effects of Xingjian(LR2),Shaofu(HT8) by Reinforcing and Reducing on the Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Mean Arterial Blood Pressure in Normal Rats (행간(行間)·소부(少府) 보사침법(補瀉鍼法)이 국소뇌혈류량(局所腦血流量) 및 평균혈압(平均血壓)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Shin, Jeong-cheol;Ryu, Chung-ryul;Cho, Myeng-rae
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
    • /
    • v.20 no.6
    • /
    • pp.190-200
    • /
    • 2003
  • Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine influences by the order, Reduction and Reinforcement in Acupuncture on cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP)] in normal rats. Methods: This experiments was to to investigate eath other changes of rCBF and MABP at Xingjian(LR2)(1st) Shaofu(HT8)(2nd) Reduction, Xingjian(LR2)(1st) Shaofu(HT8)(2nd) Reinforcement, Shaofu(HT8)(1st) Xingjian(LR2)(2st) Reduction and Shaofu(HT8)(1st) Xingjian(LR2)(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture. Results: 1. LR2(1st) HT8(2nd) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased rCBF and MABP in compared with normal condition. 2. LR2(1st) HT8(2nd) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was significantly decreased rCBF, and was decreased MABP in compared with normal condition. 3. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased rCBF during acupuncture but was recovered rCBF after with-drawing of the neddle. 4. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased MABP during acupuncture and after withdrawing of the neddle. 5. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was significantly increased rCBF during acupuncture and 30min after withdrawing of the neddle. 6. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was decreased MABP during acupuncture, but was recovered MABP after withdrawing of the neddle. Conclusions: I suggested that LR2 HT8 Reduction in Acupuncture and LR2 HT8 Reinforcement in Acupuncture cause a diverse response of cerebral hemodynas.

  • PDF

Study on the Hygenic Water Quality in Imha Dam (임하댐의 위생학적 수질조사 연구)

  • 이희무
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
    • /
    • v.10 no.1
    • /
    • pp.25-34
    • /
    • 1995
  • A Study on environmental Investigation in Imha Dam for the finding the degree of water quality and heavy metals was carried out at 4 sampling station during the period from August 15, 1993 to May 7, 1994. The results were as follows. 1. The ranges of values of pH for water were st. 1-7.56, st.2-7.77, st.3-7.9, st.4-7,7 on the average. Total average of pH values were 7.56-7.9 2. The ranges of values of DO for water were st.1-8.71($mg/{\ell}$), st.2-8.64($mg/{\ell}$), st.3-10. 25($mg/{\ell}$), st.4-9.01($mg/{\ell}$) on the average. Total average of DO of values were 8.64-10.25($mg/{\ell}$). 3. The ranges of values of BOD for water were st.1-1.1($mg/{\ell}$), st.2-1.0($mg/{\ell}$), st.3-0 86($mg/{\ell}$), st.4-0.99($mg/{\ell}$) on the average. Total average of BOD of values were 0.86-1.1($mg/{\ell}$). 4. The ranges of values of COD for water were st.1-1.12($mg/{\ell}$), st.2-1.4($mg/{\ell}$), st.3-0 98($mg/{\ell}$), st.4-1.46($mg/{\ell}$) on the average. Total average of COD of values were 0.98-1.46($mg/{\ell}$). 5, The ranges of values of T- N for water were st.1-0.36($mg/{\ell}$), st.2-0.49($mg/{\ell}$), st.3-0 23($mg/{\ell}$), st.4-0.83($mg/{\ell}$) on the average. Total average of T-N of values were 0.23-0.83($mg/{\ell}$). 6. The ranges of values of T-P for water were st.1-0.053($mg/{\ell}$), st.2-0.06($mg/{\ell}$), st.3-0.02($mg/{\ell}$), st.4-0.07($mg/{\ell}$) on the average. Total average of T-P of values were 0.02-0.07($mg/{\ell}$). 7. In the E. soli group distribution were counted st.1-1130, st.2-1113, st.3-152.3, st.4-1253 by the MPN test. Total distribution of E. soil group were 152.3-1253. 8. The concentration of heavy metals of Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn were measured st.1-0.59, 0.18, 0 04, 74.6( ${\mu}g/{\ell}$), st.2-0.39,0.29,0.03, 54.3(${\mu}g/{\ell}$), st.3-0.1,0.3, ND, 8(${\mu}g/{\ell}$), st.4-0.96, 0 26,0.23,45.6(${\mu}g/{\ell}$) on the average. Cd, Hg, Cr were not detected in the sampling site.

  • PDF

Occurrence and Prognosis for the Thrombosis in the Drug-Eluting Stents and Bare-Metal Stents (약물 용출 스텐트와 일반 금속 스텐트에서 혈전증에 대한 발생과 예후)

  • Kim, In-Soo;Choi, Nam-Gil;Jang, Seong-Joo;Han, Jae-Bok;Jang, Young-Ill
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
    • /
    • v.12 no.7
    • /
    • pp.273-283
    • /
    • 2012
  • Drug-eluting stents (DES) have significantly reduced in-stent restenosis, compared to bare-metal stents (BMS). However, there remains concern for the increased risk of stent thrombosis (ST) associated with DES. The present study sought to evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcome of ST in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) during a 1-year follow-up. 80 patients who developed ST were divided into 2 groups according to stent type: group I (DES-ST, n = 57 ) and group II (BMS-ST, n = 23 ). There were no differences between group I and II in the overall incidence of ST (2.7% vs. 4.3%, p=0.064) and in the incidence of each type of ST: acute ST (8.8% vs. 2.3%), subacute ST (50.9% vs. 60.9%), late ST (19.3% vs. 8.7%), and very late ST (21.1% vs. 17.4%) (p=0.605). Predictors of 1-year mortality were the occurrence of ST (OR 8.12, 95% CI 2.83-23.61, p<0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction<40% (OR 6.41, 95% CI 2.42-16.96, p<0.001), and age${\geq}$75 years (OR 4.98, 95% CI 1.95-12.74, p=0.001).

파두가대황(巴豆加大黃)이 항종양작용(抗腫瘍作用)과 자연살해세포(自然殺害細胞)의 활성(活性)에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험적 연구

  • No, Hun-Jeong;Jeon, Byeong-Hun;Mun, Gu;Mun, Seok-Jae
    • THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
    • /
    • v.2 no.1
    • /
    • pp.75-90
    • /
    • 1996
  • This experiment was designed to study the antitumor effects and Activity of Natural Killer Cell of semen Tiglii plus Rhizoma Rhei. The cytotoxic and antitumor effects were evaluated on human cell lines(A549, Caki-1, LL2, Sarcoma 180, NIH/3T3) after exposure to prebrewed Semen Tiglii plus Rhizoma Rhei water extract 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6mg/ml using in MTT assay, LDH, colony forming efficency and SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for cytotoxic and antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows. 1. From the result of MTT assay, the cytotoxicity of ST(生巴豆霜), ST+RR(生巴豆霜加大黃) were concentration-dependently increased in both group of the ST and ST+RR, the cytotoxicity of ST+RR(生巴豆霜加大黃) was similar to that of ST(生巴豆霜). 2. From the result of LDH, the cytotoxicity of ST, ST +RR were concentrati -on-dependently increased in both group of the ST and ST+RR, the cytotoxicity of ST+RR was similar to that of ST. 3. The antitumor effect on A549 tumor cell from the result of colony forming efficiency showed the inhibitory effect on the growth in both group of the ST and ST+RR, the inhibitory effect on growth was low slightly in the ST+RR. 4. From the result of SRB assay, the antitumor effect on caki-1 tumor cell of ST, ST+RR showed the inhibitory effect on the growth in both group of the ST and ST+RR, the antitumor effect of ST+RR was similar to that of ST. 5. Median survival time and increased life span were increased slightly in both group of the ST and ST+RR. 6. The inhibitory effect on the growth of Sarcoma 180 and Lewis lung carcinoma tumor cell were increased slightly in both group of the ST and ST+RR. 7. The activity of NK cell was increased in the ST+RR.

  • PDF

Evaluation of ST2 and NT-proBNP as Cardiac Biomarkers in Dogs With Chronic Mitral Valve Disease

  • Kim, Jung-Kook;Park, Jun-Seok;Seo, Kyoung-Won;Song, Kun-Ho
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
    • /
    • v.35 no.2
    • /
    • pp.35-38
    • /
    • 2018
  • Recently assessment of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) level has become a useful cardiac biomarker in human medicine. This study compared serum ST2 levels and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels between healthy dogs and dogs with chronic mitral valve disease. Twenty client-owned dogs were investigated. Dogs were divided into normal, asymptomatic, and symptomatic groups. Serum samples were used to measure levels of NT-proBNP and ST2. Samples for NT-proBNP were sent to IDEXX laboratory for analysis while ST2 levels were measured by using a canine interleukin 33 receptor ELISA kit. There was a significant difference in NT-proBNP levels between asymptomatic and symptomatic groups (P < 0.01), and between normal and symptomatic groups (P < 0.01). In contrast, ST2 levels were not relatively different between asymptomatic and symptomatic groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference was observed among all groups in ST2 study. The usefulness of measuring NT-proBNP level as a cardiac biomarker in dogs with chronic mitral valve disease was confirmed, but usefulness of the ST2 level was not observed. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the potential usefulness of ST2 level as a cardiac biomarker in canines.

Studies on the Chromosome Types of Ginkgo Species (은행(銀杏)나무류(類) 염색체(染色體)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Su In
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.84 no.2
    • /
    • pp.131-144
    • /
    • 1995
  • To determine the structure of chromosome and to identify the sex chromosome of Ginkgo biloba and G. biloba var. fastigiata, the samples were obtained from root tips of trees growing in seven different provinences. The results are as follows. The basic number of somatic chromosomes was 2n=24. The range of a relative length of long chromosome was between $14.88{\sim}11.18{\mu}m$ and that of short chromosome was $8.11{\sim}6.24{\mu}m$. The chromosome sets were composed with one long pairs of m type and 11 short pairs of sm or st type. These short pairs showed the continuous descending in length. There was a satellite on the short arm of the Longest chromosome pair, and were satellites of the one or both long arm of 7th or 8th chromosome pair which were sm or st type, or the shortest st type chromosome pair. Sometimes, a satellite on the short arm of the longest chromosome pairs of Ginkgo biloba was double satellite, but that of G. biloba var. fastigiata was not. Karyotype was $2n=24=2^{2s}A^m+2B^{st\;or\;sm}+2C^{st}+2D^{st}+2E^{st}+2F^{st\;or\;sm}+2G^{sm}+2^{2s}H^{sm}\;or\;(^{1s}H^{sm}+H^{sm})+2I^{st}+2J^{st}+2K^{st}+2^{2s}L^{st}\;or\;(^{1s}L^{st}+L^{st})$. The male and female trees were not apparently distinguished by the chromsome structures. However the differences between the satellites could be used to identify the male and females. The male tree has double satellite on short arm of a longest chromosome pairs and females' has not. Also female trees have a satellite on a short chromosome more frequently than male trees.

  • PDF

Effects of Acupuncture at Right Nae-jong$(ST_{44})$ on the Temperature and Humidity Changes of Sa-baek$(ST_2)$ Area (우측 내정(內庭) 자침이 사백(四白) 부위의 온도와 습도변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Oh, Sung-Jong;Lee, Sang-Ryong
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
    • /
    • v.22 no.3
    • /
    • pp.41-51
    • /
    • 2005
  • Objectives : This study was performed to observe the effects of acupuncture at right Nae-jong$(ST_{44})$ on the temperature and humidity changes of Sa-baek$(ST_2)$ area according to the meridian and Keo-ja(巨刺) of oriental medicine's theory. Methods : A clinical study was done on 13 females who didn't have my disease. We used LT-8B to observe the effects of acupuncture at right Nae-jong$(ST_{44})$ on the temperature and humidity changes of Sa-baek$(ST_2)$ area. Skin temperature and humidity on right and left Sa-baek$(ST_2)$ were measured by LT-8B at 1 minute before acupuncture stimulation, 1 minute and 2 minutes after acupuncture stimulation of right Nae-jong$(ST_{44})$. Results : 1. After inserting the needle at the right Nae-jong$(ST_{44})$ point, the temperature at the left Sa-baek$(ST_2)$ area rised from $31.60{\pm}1.13^{\circ}C$ 1 minute before to $32.24{\pm}1.19^{\circ}C$ 1 minute after the insertion and to $32.34{\pm}1.23^{\circ}C$ 2 minutes after insertion, what means an elevation by (P<0.05) between the temperature before and 2 minutes after the insertion and still an elevation by (P<0.01) between 1 minute and 2 minutes after insertion. The humidity at the same area decreased by (P<0.01) between 1 minute and 2 minutes after insertion. 2.After stimulating the right Nae-jong$(ST_{44})$ point the temperature change at the right Sa-baek$(ST_2)$ area between before and after the insertion was unremarkable, however the temperature rised by (P<0.05) between 1 minute and 2 minutes after insertion and the humidity decreased by (P<0.05) between 1 minute and 2 minutes after stimulation. 3. Comparing the temperature change between 1 minute and 2 minutes after stimulating the right Nae-jong$(ST_{44})$ point, we could find a significant difference by (P<0.05) at both Sa-baek$(ST_2)$ areas. Concerning the humidity change, there were some average differences but too small for statistic significance.

  • PDF

A Study on the Noise Correction Factor in Apartment Complex (공동주택에서의 소음보정계수에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Nae Hyun;Sunwoo, Young;Park, Young Min;Park, Sun Hwan;Cho, Il-Hyoung
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
    • /
    • v.14 no.5
    • /
    • pp.247-254
    • /
    • 2005
  • Road traffic noise has increasing broader effects on urban areas as well as rural areas because of rapidly increasing traffic volume and newly-constructed roads. 10 sites in building development areas were selected and the noise level were measured by the apartment floors and by the various block plans of apartment complex. Analysis result, about correction factor, in the case of right angle arrangement, apply - 2.5dB(A). In the case of apartment house correlation of each floor apply 1st floors 0dB(A), 2st floors 1.2dB(A), 3st floors 2.1dB(A), 4st floors 2.6dB(A), 5st floors 2.7dB(A), 6st floors 2.7dB(A), 7st floors 2.4dB(A), 8st floors 2.0dB(A), 9st floors 1.6dB(A), 10st floors 1.1dB(A), 13st floors 0.2dB(A), 15st floors 0.5dB(A). The level of road traffic noise in the arrangement construction of right angle was about 3.0dB(A) at N-4 point and 2.1dB(A) at N-6 point lower than that of a plan figure, respectively. The results suggested that application of correction coefficient obtained by the apartment floor and by the arrangement construction can be improved in road traffic noise. The results suggested that application of correction coefficient obtained by the apartment floor and by the arrangement construction can be improved in road traffic noise.

Comparison of Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307 and Non-ST307 (Carbapenem 내성 Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307과 Non-ST307의 분자 특성 및 항균제 내성 비교)

  • Hye Hyun Cho
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
    • /
    • v.51 no.4
    • /
    • pp.500-506
    • /
    • 2023
  • Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is emerging as a worldwide public health threat. Recently, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2)-producing sequence type (ST) 307 was identified main clone of CRKP, and dissemination of ST307 was reported in South Korea. This study examined the molecular characteristic and antimicrobial resistance pattern of 50 CRKP isolated from a tertiary hospital in Daejeon, from March 2020 to December 2021. Epidemiological relationship was analyzed by Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and antimicrobial susceptibility test was determined using disk-diffusion method. PCR and DNA sequence analysis were performed to identify carbapenemase genes. CRKP infections were significantly more frequent in males and the patients aged ≥ 60 years. Among the 50 CRKP isolates, 46 isolates (92.0%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), and 44 isolates (88.0%) were carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CPKP). The major carbapenemase type was KPC-2 (36 isolates, 72.0%) and New Delhi metalloenzyme-1 (NDM-1) and NDM-5 were identified in 7 isolates (14.0%) and 1 isolate (2.0%), respectively. In particular, 88.9% (32/36) of KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae belonged to ST307, whereas 87.5% (7/8) of NDM-1,-5-producing K. pneumoniae belonged to non-ST307. These results suggest that proper infection control and effective surveillance network need to prevent not olny the spread of ST307, but also the development of non-ST307.