• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.415-423
• /
• 2017

Background: Recently, many surgeons have chosen sublobar resection for the curative treatment of lung tumors with ground-glass opacity, which is a hallmark of lepidic lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oncological results of sublobar resection for non-lepidic lung cancer in comparison with lobectomy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 328 patients with clinical N0 non-small cell lung cancer sized ${\leq}2cm$ who underwent curative surgical resection from January 2009 to December 2014. The patients were classified on the basis of their lesions into non-lepidic and lepidic groups. The survival rates following lobectomy and sublobar resection were compared within each of these 2 groups. Results: The non-lepidic group contained a total of 191 patients. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was not significantly different between patients who received sublobar resection or lobectomy in the non-lepidic group (80.1% vs. 79.2%, p=0.822) or in the lepidic group (100% vs. 97.4%, p=0.283). Multivariate analysis indicated that only lymphatic invasion was a significant risk factor for recurrence in the non-lepidic group. Sublobar resection was not a risk factor for recurrence in the non-lepidic group. Conclusion: The oncological outcomes of sublobar resection and lobectomy in small-sized non-small cell lung cancer did not significantly differ according to histological type.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.191-206
• /
• 2006

Objective & Methods : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of Angelicae Pubescentis Radix herbal-acupuncture solution(APR-HAS) at Joksamni(ST36) on collagen IT induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice. The author performed several experimental items to analyze several cytokines and immune cells related with RA. Results : 1. In the APR-HA group, the incidence of arthritis and arthritis index were significantly decreased. 2. In APR-HA group, the levels of IL-6, $INF-{\gamma}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IgG, IgM, $IL-{\beta}$ and Anti-collagen II in serum of the CIA mouse were significantly decreased. 3. In APR-HA group, the level of $IFN-{\gamma}$, IL-4 in the CIA mouse spleen cell culture were significantly decreased. 4. In histology, the cartilage destruction and synovial cell proliferation were decreased in the APR-HA group, and the collagen fiber expressions in the APR-HA group were similar with that of the Normal group. 5. In the APR-HA group, CD3e+/CD19+ and CD4+/CD8+ were similarly maintained as Normal group in the CIA mouse lymph nodes, 6. In the APR-HA group, CD3e+/CD69+ was significantly decreased in the CIA mouse joint. 7. In the APR-HA group, CD11a+/CD19+ and CD11b+/Gr-l+ were significantly decreased in the CIA mouse lymph nodes 8. In the APR-HA group, CD4+/CD25+ was decreased in the CIA mouse spleen cell. 9. In the APR-HA group, CD4+/CD25+ was similarly maintained as Normal group in the CIA mouse lymph nodes.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.751-758
• /
• 2003

In our previous studies, we reported that Selaginella Tamariscina(ST) induced apoptotic cell death in HL-60 cells selectively. The cell viability after treatment with extract of ST was quantified by MTT assay and trypan bleu exclusion method. The results showed that application with ST in HL-60 induced 40% cell death at the concentration of 400 ㎍/ml. The cancericidic effect of Selaginella Tamariscina was mediated by apoptosis. Thus, HL-60 cells exposed to Selaginella Tamariscina displayed the DNA fragmentation ladder and nucleus chromatin condensation characteristic for apoptosis. The enzyme activity of caspase-3 and actived caspase-3 protein were markedly increased in HL-60 cells treated with the extract of Selaginella Tamariscina. In addition, the extract of Selaginella Tamariscina induced cleavage of PARP, a known substrate for caspase-3. The expression of Bcl-2, anti-apoptotic protein, was decreased by treatment of the aqueous extract of Selaginella Tamariscina in a dose-dependent manner. And the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax protein was increased. In conclusion, our results suggest that the extract of Selaginella Tamariscina may induce the apoptotic death of HL-60 cells via activation of caspase-3, cleavage of PARP protein, depletion of cellular ATP levels and Bcl-2 degradation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to choose more effective neuro-protective acupuncture point and to verify the effect of acupuncture in promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis as a result of its neuro-vasculo-regenerative effect in middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats. Methods : By TTc staining we chose the most effective acupuncture point with neuro-protection. We randomly divided into four groups: Such as (1) sham group(with sham-operation), (2) sham+acupuncture group(with sham-operation), (3) middle cerebral artery occlusion group, (4) MCAO+AT group. Acupuncture procedure was performed for four days. Total RNA was extracted using TRIzol reagent, according to the manufacturer's instructions, and was purified using an RNAeasy mini kit. Immuno-histochemistry was performed using primary antibody mouse anti-BrdU, NeuN, Dcx, and VEGF. Results : We found that $ST_{36}$ had the more neuroprotective effect than $LI_{11}$ and $SP_3$. The microarray analysis revealed that 54 genes were more expressed neurogenesis pathway in MCAO+AT group compared with MCAO group(fold changes greater than or equal to twofold change). 11 genes were more expressed angiogenesis pathway. And 7 genes were more expressed VEGF pathway. Immuno-histochemistry revealed that cell proliferation, cell migration and cell maturation were increased. Conclusions : This study demonstrated that acupuncture on $ST_{36}$ had neuro-protective and neuro-restorative effect in ischemic brain injuries. And its mechanism might be related to promote neurogenesis and angiogenesis. These results suggest that acupuncture have potential benefits for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.459-465
• /
• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECFTIVES: The effect of St. John's Wort extract (SJW) on MG-63 cell proliferation and trabecular bone loss induced by ovariectomy was examined. MATERIALS/METHODS: Proliferation, expression of estrogen receptor (ER) ${\alpha}$ and ER ${\beta}$, and gene expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OC) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were examined in MG-63 cells treated with or without SJW. Ovariectomized rats were treated with SJW at the dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg/day, ${\beta}$-estradiol-3-benzoate (E2), or vehicle only (OVX-C), and sham operated rats were treated with vehicle only (Sham-C). Serum ALP and C-telopeptide (CTX), and femoral trabecular bone loss were examined. RESULTS: SJW increased MG-63 cell proliferation and expression of ER ${\alpha}$ and ER ${\beta}$, and positive effect was shown on gene expressions of ALP, OC and OPG. SJW also showed estrogen like effect on bone associated with slowing down in trabecular bone loss. Histopathology by H&E showed rats treated with SJW displayed denser structure in metaphyseal region of distal femur compared with rats in OVX-C. SJW was shown to reduce serum CTX in OVX rats. CONCLUSION: The present study provides new insight in preventing estrogen deficiency induced bone loss of SJW and possibility for its application in bone health supplement.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제63권1호
• /
• pp.42-51
• /
• 2007

배 경: 폐암의 새로운 치료제로 각광을 받고 있는 TRAIL은 암에 선택적으로 apoptosis를 일으킨다고 알려진 cytokine으로 알려져 있다. 또한 gefitinib (Iressa)는 폐암의 적용된 최초의표적치료제로 각광을 받고 있다. 그러나 일부의 암세포에서는 이에 대한 저항성을 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 암세포에서 외부의 apoptotic 자극에 저항성을 보이는 IGF-1R를 억제함으로 TRAIL 및 gefitinib의 항암작용을 증가시키고자 실험을 시행하였다. 방 법: 암세포주는 TRAIL 및 gefitinib에 민감한 NCI H460와 두 약제에 중등도의 저항성을 보이는 A549의 폐암세포주로 시행하였으며 IGF-1R의 억제는 본 연구자가 개발하였던 IGF-1 pathway를 dominant negative inhibition을 할 수 있는 adenovirus- IGF1R(482 ST, 950ST) 및 IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitor인 Tyrphostin AG1024를 사용하였고 gefitinib에 대한 실험에서는 RNA interference를 이용하여 IGF-1R의 발현을 억제하는 adenovirus- shIGF-1R을 이용하였다. 결 과: TRAIL에 저항성을 보이는 폐암세포주(A549)에서 adenovirus-IGF1R(482ST, 950ST) 및 AG1024로 IGF-1R를 억제한 후 TRAIL을 투여한 경우 항암효과가 증대되었다. A549에 adenovirus- shIGF-1R을 감염시켜 IGF-1R의 발현을 억제한 결과 gefitinib에 대한 감수성이 증가되었다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.126-128
• /
• 2012

We report on a case of severe hepatotoxicity in a 52-year-old male with multiple myeloma (MM) who had received bortezomib therapy. At patient presentation, liver enzymes were normal, but started to markedly increase 3 days after the patient's second dose of bortezomib was administered, when free kappa light chains were noticeably reduced in the serum. After discontinuation of bortezomib, liver enzymes recovered gradually to baseline. Then, the patient was started on a thalidomide-containing regimen, which he was able to tolerate well. The patient achieved complete remission prior to autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The patient underwent ASCT without occurrence of further liver toxicity.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.111-129
• /
• 2007

Objectives & Methods : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of Coicis Semen Herbal-acupuncture solution (CS-HAS) at the Joksamni (ST36) on the collagen-induced arthritis in the DBA/1J mouse. The author performed several experiments to analyze the effects of CS-HAS on arthritis; change of the weight; the spleen size and adhesion rate; serum cytokine levels; serum antibody levels; changes of immunocyte counts; the histological changes of joint. Results : In the Coicis Semen Herbal-acupuncture (CS-HA), arthritis index, the incidence of arthritis, and the degree of joint edema were decreased. In CS-HA, there was no weight loss. The size of the spleen, adhesion rate, and the edema and transformation of joint were lowered. In CS-HA, the levels of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$, IgG, IgM, and anti-collagen II in serum and the levels of IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, IL-10 in spleen were significantly decreased. In CS-HA, the expression ratios of $CD45^+$ to $CD3e^+$ and $CD8^+$ to $CD4^+$ were decreased. Also, the overall $CD4^+/CD8^+$ cell ratio was lowered in spleen. Ratios of the $CD4^+/CD25^+$, $CD45^+/CD69^+$ cells were decreased in lymph nodes. In addition, ratios of the $CD3^+/CD69^+$, $CD11b^+/Gr-1^+$ cells were also decreased in synovium. In the histological study, the cartilage destruction and synovial cell proliferation, and collagen fiber destruction were decreased with CS-HA treated group. Conclusions : From the results mentioned above, it is suggested that CS-HA at the ST36 has several significant effects on the collagen-induced arthritis.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2010

Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant prescribed against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients with allogeneichematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is affected to change its pharmacokinetic properties by various factors. For this reason, it is needed a close monitoring to adjust dosage amount in order to optimize the blood concentration of tacrolimus is located within the effective range. According to our in-house study, 62% of HSCT-patients were needed dosage-adjustment and it is necessary to optimize the current immunosuppressive regimen in clinical settings. A retrospective study was designed to evaluate the dosing regimen (converting ratio of IV:PO=1:4) of tacrolimus in HSCT patients (n=62). After collecting data from patient's profile and medical record, pharmacokinetic parameters were calculate and compared between the estimated and the actual values in the selected subjects (n=58). It was found that the bioavailabilty (BA) of oral tacrolimus was 40.5% very much different from that is known as 25%. It implies that the current protocol has a potent risk causes dose-related toxicities to the patients. Furthermore, analyses among factors demonstrated that there was no statistical significance between BA of tacrolimus and the variable factors. In the clinical perspectives, the current converting ratio of tacrolimus in patients with HSCT to be re-considered and an appropriate and optimal alternative regimen should be adopted to prevent GVHD and to increase the quality of life of patients.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.117-137
• /
• 2007

Objectives & Methods : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of Gentianae macrophyllase Radix herbal-acupuncture solution(GR-HAS) at Joksamni(ST36) on Collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) in DBA/1J mice. The author performed several experimental items to analyze arthritis evaluation, change of weight, spleen size and adhesion rate, change of cytokine level, IgG, IgM and anti-collagen II , change of immunocyte count, histological change of CIA mouse joint related with RA. Results : 1. In the GR-HA group, the arthritis index, the incidence of arthritis and joint edema were significantly decreased. 2. In GR-HA group, there were no weight loss and similarly maintained as normal group. Spleen size, adhesion rate and the edema and transformation of knee joint were low and similarly maintained as normal group. 3. In the GR-HA, cytokine level, IgG, IgM and anti-collagen II were significantly decreased. 4. In the GR-HA, the change of immunocyte count were similarly maintained as normal group. 5. In the histological changes of the CIA mouse joint, the cartilage destruction and synovial cell proliferation were decreased in the GR-HA(Hematoxylin and eosin stain). The collagen fiber expressions in the GR-HA were similar with that of the normal group(Masson's Trichrome stain) Conclusions : These results suggest that GR-HA at ST36 has an effect to control immune reaction and suppress inflammation, synovial cell proliferation and cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.