• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.175-178
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to compare antioxidant activity and total polyphenol contents between before and after fermentation of Ssanghwa-tang according to solvent partition. Ssanghwa-tang was fermented with Lactobacilus fermentum. Ssanghwa-tang and the fermented Ssanghwa-tang were fractioned by solvent partition with ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The Ssanghwa-tangs and their solvent fractions were evaluated for total polyphenol contents and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity as well as the total polyphenol contents were highest in each ethyl acetate fraction and significantly (p<0.05) increased after fermentation.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.780-787
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• 2009

Purpose : This study was carried out to investigate the acute toxicity and safety of fermented Ssanghwa-tang extract. Methods : To evaluate their acute toxicity and safety, 0(control group), 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of Ssanghwa-tang and fermented Ssanghwa-tang extracts were orally administered to 20 male and 20 female ICR mice. After a single administration, we observed survival rates. general toxicity. changes of body weight, and autopsy. Results : Compared with the control group, we could not find any toxic alteration in any of the treated groups (1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg). Conclusions : $LD_{50}$ of Ssanghwa-tang and fermented Ssanghwa-tang extracts might be over 5000 mg/kg and it is very safe for ICR mice.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate the acute toxicity and safety of Ssanghwa-tang extract fermented with Paecilomyces japonica. Methods : To evaluate the acute toxity and safety, 0(control group), 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of Ssanghwa-tang and fermented Ssanghwa-tang extracts were orally administered to 35 male and 35 female ICR mice. After single administration, we observed number of death, general toxicity, changes of body weight, and autopsy. Results : Compared with the control group, we could not find any toxic alteration in all treated groups (1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg). Conclusions : $LD_{50}$ of Ssanghwa-tang and fermented Ssanghwa-tang extracts might be over 5000 mg/kg and it is very safe to ICR mice.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the acute toxicity and safety of Ssanghwa-tang extract fermented with Ganoderma lucidum. To evaluate the acute toxity and safety, 0(control group), 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of Ssanghwa-tang and fermented Ssanghwa-tang extracts were orally administered to 20 male and 20 female ICR mice. After single administration, we observed survival rates, general toxicity, changes of body weight, and autopsy. Compared with the control group, we could not find any toxic alteration in all treated groups (1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg). $LD_{50}$ of Ssanghwa-tang and fermented Ssanghwa-tang extracts might be over 5000 mg/kg and it is very safe to ICR mice.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this report was to provide the information about activity and safety of Ssanghwa-tang by analyzing domestic papers and theses about Ssanghwa-tang. Methods : Domestic papers and theses related to Ssanghwa-tang were reviewed and analyzed. These papers were then classified by year, experimental method, and activity subject. Results : The following result s were obtained in this study. 1. The study of Ssanghwa-tang started from 1981 and continued steadily 1990s and it was decreased 2000s. 2. The paper of Ssanghwatang was entire domestic paper, 20 volumes. 3. In classified by experimental method and animal of Ssanghwa-tang paper, more than a half study used rat in vivo experiment. Furthermore clinical experiments were performed about anti-fatigue effect of Ssanghwa-tang and Ssanghwatang was proved a safety herbal medicine in acute toxicity experiment. 4. Decursin, glycyrrhizin, paeoniflorin were determined in Ssanghwa-tang by using HPLC analysis. 5. As these studies were classified by subject, papers related to anti-fatigue effect were most abundant by 7 papers. Besides there were several papers related to liver funtion, anti-inflammatory, alleviation, smooth muscle relaxation effect and so on. 6. According to experimental data, it is supported that Ssanghwa-tang was safety herbal medicine and it has a several activity about anti-fatigue, anti-inflammatory, alleviation, smooth muscle relaxation. Conclusion : Many study of basic science experiments and clinical experiments were performed and reported on Ssanghwa-tang in domestic journal. Ssanghwa-tang is being used in various ways associating with anti-fatigue, anti-inflammatory, alleviation and smooth muscle relaxation. furthermore Ssanghwatang was proved a safety herbal medicine in acute toxicity experiment. However, studies on randomized controlled trials of Ssanghwatang need to be completed at the clinical level.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2010

Objective : Ssanghwa-tang has been used as herbal medine, favorite beverage or health beverage. This study was performed to evaluate the acute toxity and safety of fermented Ssanghwa-tang extract in ICR mice. Methods : 0(control group), 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of Ssanghwa-tang and fermented Ssanghwa-tang extracts were orally administered to 35 male and 35 female ICR mice. After single administration, we observed number of death, clinical signs, changes of body weight for 14 days. After 14 day of administration, all mice were sacrificed and major organ were observed. Results : Compared with the control group, we could not find any toxic alteration in all treated groups (1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg). Conclusions : These results suggest that Sssanghwa-tang fermented with nuruk extracts might be safe to ICR mice.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to confirm the efficacy and safety of Gongjin-dan and Ssanghwatang for chronic fatigue. Methods : A total of 90 people, between 19 and 65 years old, will be recruited to participate in a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled a clinical trial. Participants in the Gongjin-dan group will take one pill of Gongjin-dan along with three packs of placebo oral liquid Ssanghwa-tang per day for 4 weeks. Participants in the Ssanghwa-tang group will take three packages of liquid Ssanghwa-tang and one placebo Gongjindan pill per day for 4 weeks. In the placebo group, participants will take one pill of placebo Gongjin-dan and three packs of placebo liquid Ssanghwa-tang per day, for 4 weeks. Outcomes will be measured at the baseline, 4^th week, and 6^th week. The primary outcome is the change in the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Secondary outcomes are the change of Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20), Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFQ), Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), Korean Version of Schedule of Fatigue and Anergy/General Physician (SOFA/GP), Glucose, Lactate, Ammonia, Free Fatty Acid (FAA), d-ROMs&BAP, Selenium, and Cortisol. Results : This trial was approved by the institutional review board of Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital (registry number: PNUKHIRB 2021-10-005). Recruitment opened in November 2021 and is supposed to be completed by December 2022. Conclusions : This trial will provide clinical information to determine the efficacy and safety of Gongjindan and Ssanghwa-tang for chronic fatigue.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2019

Objectives : The aim of this review was to analyse the study tendency in papers related with Ssanghwa-tang which are published in Korea from 2000 to 2019. Methods : We searched the four electronic database (NSDL, RISS, Korean traditional knowledge portal, OASIS) and checked relevant Korean journals from 2000 to 2019. We classified the papers by publish date, speciality, study method, and field of study, and analysed the study tendency. Result : 1. papers were published annually on average. 2. After classifying papers by the speciality of journal, continuous study was followed not only in korean medicine, but also in many specialities like Dietetics, Pharmacology and Tourism management. 3. In study methods, in vivo was 46%, quantitative inspection was 21%, and in vitro was 19%. 4. After classifying papers by field of study, efficacy was 49%, qualitative analysis was 27%, toxicity was 14%, and safety was 5%. 5. In efficacy, it was effective in muscloskeletal disease, cardiovascular disease, prevention of neurologic disease, antioxidation, immunization disease and so on. Conclusions : These results suggest that Ssanghwa-tang can be used as cure medicine, not just as herbal tonic, but there are not sufficient evidence based papers, so there should be further studies in order to establish Ssanghwa-tang as a cure medicine.

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to estimate the shelf-life of Ssanghwa-tang by long-term storage test. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the stability such as the selected physicochemical, pH, identification, heavy metal, microbiological experiment under a long-term storage test of Ssanghwa-tang. The significant change was not showed in pH, heavy metal, microbiological, identification test and quantitative analysis based on long-term storage test. The contents of albiflorin, paeoniflorin, cinnamic acid, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizin in long-term storage test were 66.8-93.1 ${\mu}g/mL$, 429.0-495.0 ${\mu}g/mL$, 3.8-4.4 ${\mu}g/mL$, 32.0-38.1 ${\mu}g/mL$, and 66.8-71.7 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Shelf-lifes by 5 compounds about 3 lots at room temperature were predicted 21-37, 14-21, and 16-72 months, respectively. The suggested shelf-life would be helpful on the storage and distribution of herbal medicine.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

■ Objectives The purpose of this case study is to report the effectiveness of Gami Ssanghwa-tang on the restless legs syndrome patient. ■ Methods The patient was treated with Korean medicine, including herbal medication Gami Ssanghwa-tang for 26 days and acupuncture for once a week as an out patient. The evaluation was performed using the Korean versions of the International Restless Legs Scale(K-IRLS). ■ Results After 34 days of treatment, the K-IRLS total score improved from 24 to 8. And at the follow up session(7 days after end of treatment), the K-IRLS total score improved to 0. ■ Conclusion This study suggested that herbal medicine, Gami Ssanghwa-tang might be effective in Restless legs syndrome.