• Title/Summary/Keyword: SSO

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A Simple Method for the Preparation of Highly Pure Conjugated Linoleic Acid(CLA) Synthesized from Safflower Seed Oil

  • Kim, Young R.;Lee, Young H.;Park, Kyung A.;Kim, Jeong O.;Ha, Yeong L.
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.10-14
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    • 2000
  • A simple and rapid method was developed to prepare a large quantity of highly pure conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) chemically-synthesized from safflower seed oil (SSO). CLA-SSO(74.9% in purity) was synthesized from fresh SSO(79.9% of linoleic acid) by alkaline isomerization at 18$0^{\circ}C$. Urea(50g) and CLA-SSO (25g) were completely dissolved in ethanol (750ml) using a water bath(5$0^{\circ}C$) and followed by refluxing for 60 min. The resultant was cooled to room temperature and stored in a cold room (4$^{\circ}C$) for 24hrs. After removing the urea adduct by filtration, the filtrate was rotoevaporated under 4$0^{\circ}C$ and the residue was dissolved in hexane (200ml). The hexane extract was washed with distilled water (100ml$\times$3) and dried over sodium sulfate anhydrous. This urea treatment procedure was repeated three times. The purity of CLA recovered from the hexane extract was 95.0%. This method can be applied to prepare a large quantity of highly pure chemically-synthesized CLA (>0.5kg/a batch) from any plant oils containing high percentages (>70%) of linoleic acid.

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Identifying dominant parameters of storm-sewer-overflows in seperate sewer system (강우시 도시배수구역의 유출특성 지배인자 분석)

  • Jung, Si Mon;Park, In Hyeok;Ha, Sung Ryong
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.105-114
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    • 2008
  • Growth in population and urbanization has progressively increased the loadings of pollutants from non-point sources as well as point sources. Separated sewer overflows(SSO) have been considered as a major cause of water-quality deterioration of natural water-courses in the vicinity of the heavily urbanized areas. The factors defining the magnitude and occurrence of SSO are site-specific. It is important to know exact properties of pollutants contained in SSO to address water quality impacts that are caused by SSO inputs to the receiving waters. Site and event parameters found to have significant influences on urban runoff pollutant EMCs include total event rainfall, antecedent dry period, rainfall intensity. In this study, a field survey was carried out in some selected areas of Cheongju city. Literature from previous similar studies was consulted and some important factors affecting the runoff characteristics of urban drainage areas were analyzed for some selected survey points. It was found that the factors most affecting BOD are the number of dry days prior to rainfall and the intensity of the rainfall. The factor most affecting CODcr is the number of dry days prior to rainfall. The factors most affecting SS are the amount of rainfall and the number of dry days prior to rainfall. The factor most affecting TN is the amount of rainfall. The factor most affecting TP is the amount of rainfall and the number of dry days prior to rainfall.

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Oligosaccharide-Supplemented Soy Ice Cream for Diabetic Patients : Quality Characteristics and Effects on Blood Sugar and Lipids in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats (당뇨환자를 위한 올리고당 첨가 콩 아이스크림 : 품질특성과 당뇨 흰쥐에서의 혈당 및 지질 개선에 미치는 효과)

  • Her Bo-Young;Sung Hye-Young;Choi Young-Sun
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.38 no.8
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    • pp.663-671
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate not only quality characteristics such as overrun, meltdown and sensory evaluation of oligosaccharide-supplemented soy ice cream but also physiological effects of ice cream with soy and/or oligosaccharide on blood sugar and lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Powder of parched soybean was added at $7.6\%$ replacing skimmed milk and cream, soybean oil at $7.6\%$ replacing milk oil in cream, and fructooli-gosaccharide at $9.5\%$ replacing sucrose on weight basis. Five kinds of ice cream were prepared: MMS (skimmed milk, milk oil, sucrose), MMO (skimmed milk, milk oil, oligosaccharide), SSS (soybean, soybean oil, sucrose), SSO (soybean, soybean oil, oligosaccharide), and BSO (black soybean, soybean oil, oligosaccharide). Overrun and meltdown of soy ice cream were significantly lower than those of milk ice cream. Scores of sensory evaluation especially in mouth feel and melting feel in mouth were lower in soy ice cream. Freeze-dried ice cream was supplemented to AIN93-based diets at $30\%$(w/w). Sprague-Dawley male rats with diabetes induced by injecting streptozotocin were fed experimental diets for 4 weeks. Plasma glucose level was significantly lowered in SSO group compared with MMS group. Plasma insulin levels of MMO and SSO groups were not significantly different from that of normal group, while those of MMS and SSO group were significantly lower than normal group. Plasma cholesterol was decreased in groups fed ice cream supplemented either soybean or fructooligosaccharide compared to MMS group. HDL-cholesterol level was elevated and triglyceride was decreased significantly in MMO group compared to MMS group. LDL-cholesterol levels of SSS and BSO groups and liver triglyceride level of SSO group were significantly lower compared to MMS group. In conclusion, oligosaccharide-supplemented soy ice cream lowered blood sugar, and ice cream supplemented with soybean and/or oligosaccharide improved lipid profile in diabetic rats.

Enzymatic Interesterification and Melting Characteristic for Asymmetric 1,2-Distearoyl-3-Oleoyl-rac-Glycerol Triacylglycerol Enriched Product (효소적 반응을 이용한 비대칭형 1,2-Distearoyl-3-Oleoyl-rac-Glycerol 혼합물의 생성 및 융점 특성)

  • Kim, Jin Young;Lee, Ki Teak
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.93-101
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    • 2014
  • Asymmetric 1,2-distearoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol (SSO) triacylglycerol (TAG) is used as a cocoa butter replacer (CBR). In this study, it was produced by lipase-catalyzed interesterification of fully hydrogenated soybean oil (FHSBO) and oleic ethyl ester (OEE) in a batch type reactor at $75^{\circ}C$, 250 rpm. Different molar ratios (FHSBO : OEE=1:1, 1:2 and 1:3, w/w) and various reaction times (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hr) were also tested. The optimized condition for SSO was a FHSBO : OEE molar ratio of =1:1 at reaction times of 2, 3, 4, and 5 hr. Enzymatic synthesis generated SSO/SOS, as well as the other TAGs (e.g., PSO/POS, SOO/OSO, SSS), ethyl esters, monoacylglycerol (MAG), and diacylglycerol (DAG). After scale-up, fractionation by solvent (methanol and acetone) fractionation and column chromatography was applied. To reduce ethyl esters, high-melting TAGs (e.g., SSS), and SOO/OSO in reactants, solvent fractionation was applied. Using a silica gel column (sample : silica gel=2:1, wt%), MAG and DAG were removed at $25^{\circ}C$. The major fatty acid composition of the final products (with a high SSO/SOS content) was palmitic acid (C16:0, 10.9~12.9 area%), stearic acid (C18:0, 52.2~54.9 area%), and oleic acid (C18:1, 34.2~35.5 area%). In reversed-phase HPLC analysis, the major TAG species of the final product (FHSBO : OEE=1:1, 2 hr) were SSO/SOS (82.31 area%) and PSO/POS (14.51 area%). Based on the $[SS]^+$ : $[SO]^+$ ratio obtained by RP-HPLC/APCI-MS, the final product had a higher SSO (AAB type TAG) content than cocoa butter (CB). The solid fat index (SFI) of CB and the final product obtained were similar with a narrow melting point range around ~32 to $35^{\circ}C$.

Mitigation of Sub-synchronous Oscillation Caused by Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor Using Supplementary Excitation Damping Controller

  • Wu, Xi;Jiang, Ping;Chen, Bo-Lin;Xiong, Hua-Chuan
    • Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.58-63
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    • 2012
  • The Test Signal Method is adopted to analyze the impact of thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) on sub-synchronous oscillation. The results show that the simulation system takes the risk of Sub-synchronous Oscillation (SSO) while the TCSC is operating in the capacitive region. A supplementary excitation damping controller (SEDC) is used to mitigate SSO caused by the TCSC. A new optimization method which is aimed for optimal phase compensation is proposed. This method is realized by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation results show that the SEDC designed by this method has superior suitability, and that the secure operation scope of the TCSC is greatly increased.

A study on Integration of SSO-based heterogeneous authentification systems using protocol binding (프로토콜 바인딩 기법을 적용한 단일인증기반 이질적 인증시스템의 통합에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, O-Hyun;Hwang, Jun;Kim, Young-Chan
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2004.04a
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    • pp.376-378
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    • 2004
  • 인터넷의 사용이 날로 증가함에 따라 전자상거래가 인터넷을 통해 활발하게 이루어지는데 있어서 금융권 및 각종 기타 기관에서는 인증서 기반의 전자서명을 사용하고 있다. 이러한 인증서 기반의 시스템은 궁극적으로 SSO(Single Sign-On)를 지향하는데, 동일 인증기관 내의 모든 서비스는 단 한 번의 접속으로 모두 사용할 수 있게 하는 것이 그 목적이다. 그러나 SSO는 동일 인증기관이라는 제약사항이 따르기 때문에 인터넷을 이용하는 사용자들이 각 인증기관별로 인증서를 따로 관리하게 되는 불편함이 생기게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 OASIS에서 발표한 SAML을 이용하여 다른 이질적인 인증기관간의 인증을 통합 할 수 있는 방법을 제시하고자 한다.

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A SAML-based SSO and B2B (SAML기반의 SSO 및 B2B)

  • Hyen, Jin-Seung;Choi, Dae-Seon;Han, Keun-Hee;Lee, Seung-Min;Jeong, Tae-Eui
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2002.11b
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    • pp.961-964
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    • 2002
  • 일반적으로 Web Service란 표준 인터넷 프로토콜을 이용하여 외부에 노출된 비즈니스 기능을 프로그램적으로 접근하는 방식으로 간단한 메소드 호출뿐만 아니라 복잡한 비즈니스 프로세스까지 수행이 가능하고, 한번 배포된 Web Service는 인터넷으로 접근할 수 있는 곳이면 어디서든지 접근 및 호출이 가능하다. 현재 Web Service 구현에 있어 최대의 당면 과제는 보안문제로서. 인터넷을 이용해서 이동하고 있는 많은 양의 데이터를 안전하게 지킬 수 있는 방법의 모색에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 이러한 보안 문제를 해결하기 위해 SAML(Security Assertion Markup Language), XKMS(XML Key Management Specification), XAML(Transaction Authority Markup Language), BTP(Business Transaction Protocol), XLANG 등을 이용한 여러 가지 방법이 시도되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 SAML을 이용한 보안 솔루션을 분석하고, SAML을 이용하여 SSO, Back Office Transaction 등의 어플리케이션을 구축하여 시뮬레이션 결과를 보이고자 한다.

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A Java-Based Single Sign-On Library Supporting SAML(Security Assertion Markup Language) for Distributed Applications (분산 Application을 위한 SAML(Security Assertion Markup Language) 지원의 자바 기반 Single Sign-On Library의 설계 및 구현)

  • 정종일;차무홍;신동규;신동일;문기영;김주한
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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    • 2003.12a
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    • pp.324-329
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    • 2003
  • Single Sign-On(SSO)은 사용자가 단 한번의 인증으로 분산된 시스템에서 제공하는 다른 서비스에 로그인하는 것을 가능하게 하는 보안 특징이다. SAML은 서로 다른 entity들 사이에서 인증, 권한 그리고 profile 정보의 교환을 가능하게 하는 XML기반의 SSO표준이다. 이러한 표준은 분산 환경에서 서로 다른 보안 서비스들 사이에 상호운용성을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 SAML APIs로 구성된 자바 기반의 SSO library를 설계 및 구현하고 SAML APIs를 검증하기 위해 분산 application의 prototype을 구성하였다. 개발된 library에서 무결성, 부인방지, 그리고 기밀성 같은 보안고려사항들을 XML기반의 서명과 암호화를 적용하여 보장한다.

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Multi-Server Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol (다중서버를 이용한 인증된 키교환 프로토콜)

  • 이정현;김현정;이동훈
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.87-97
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, we define two security concepts, “non-computable security” and “distribution security”, about authentication information committed to a authentication server without any trustee, and propose an authenticatied key exchange protocol based on password, satisfying “distribution security”. We call it MAP(Muti-Server Authentication Protocol based on Password) and show that SSSO(Secure Single Sign On) using MAP solves a problem of SSO(Single Sign On) using authentication protocol based on password with a trustee.

A Design of User Authentication Protocol using Biometric in Mobile-cloud Environments (모바일 클라우드 환경에서 생체인식을 이용한 사용자 인증 프로토콜 설계)

  • Kim, Hyung-Uk;Kim, Bumryong;Jun, Moon-Seog
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.32-39
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    • 2017
  • Recently, usage of mobile cloud services has been increasing. In particular, beyond the constraints of a single cloud computing service, studies on the multi-cloud have been actively pursued. A user must authenticate multiple cloud service providers to use additional cloud services in a multi-cloud. In previous studies, an authentication method using single sign-on (SSO) was not available in all cloud services. Cloud services will not be available when the SSO server is not available due to malicious attacks, because all authentication is done via the SSO server. Additionally, using a broker, there is a vulnerability that can expose authentication information for the service provider to a user who did not sign up. In this paper, we propose a secure user authentication protocol using biometric authentication that does not expose user information when using additional cloud services. The proposed protocol can use a single biometric authentication for multi-cloud services without storing authentication information in each cloud service. In terms of key stability (to ensure stability through the key agreement process and the key area), by disabling various attack methods, such as man-in-the-middle attacks and replay attacks, we provide secure mobile cloud services.