• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.419-431
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• 2013

It was turned out by the beam trawl survey in 2009 that flora of three phylum 16 species and fauna of eight taxa 68 families 97 species were inhabited in the Seomjin River estuary and western coastal waters of Namhae island. Winter season showed the most various appearance of species with 63 species and markedly several kinds of algae species, while summer season showed the lowest number of species with 44 species. However, the indices of species diversity and evenness were highest in summer, and vice versa in winter. Major dominant species were Crangon hakodatei, Leiognathus nuchalis, Asterias amurensis, Thryssa kammalensis, Luidia quinaria, Amblychaeturichthys hexanema, Oratosquilla oratoria, Charybdis bimaculata, Cynoglossus joyneri, Pennahia agentata. The 10 dominant species occupied at 81.4% of catch in number and 49.0% of catch in weight. There were seasonal fluctuations and differences by station in the Seomjin River estuary and western coastal waters of Namhae island, which brought to the difference of length structures, that is, bigger-sized individuals of major dominant species at station A (near to river estuary) than station C (near to ocean). Species compositions by season and by station were separated to two groups. Winter season showed a separated species composition from other seasons and station A exhibited a different species composition from other stations, which was located at near to the Seomjin River estuary.

• 동굴
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• 제89호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2008

평창군 미탄면 기화리에 소재한 쌍굴의 동물종 구성과 생태적 개체군 변동을 파악하기 위하여 2005년 1월부터 2005년 6월까지 6개 조사지로 구분하여 관찰, 채집, 조사한 결과 전체 동물종은 총 4강 11목 16과 19종이었고, 총 조사개체수 중 알락꼽등이가 66.6%, 등줄굴노래기가 22.4%로 전체의 확인 개체군 중 우점종으로 확인되었다. 조사된 생물 중 생태적 특성에 의한 진동굴성이 5.3%, 호동굴성이 21.1%, 그리고 외래성이 73.7%로 외래성이 가장 많은 종을 차지하였다. 포유강에서는 관박쥐와 물윗수염박쥐의 2종이 확인되었으며, 그 중 관박쥐가 58.9%를 차지하고 있어 우점종으로 확인되었다. 외래성인 담흑물결자나방은 겨울철인 1, 2월에 가장 많은 개체수가 확인되었다. 진동굴성인 등줄굴노래기는 6월에 503개체가 관찰되었고 호동굴성인 알락꼽등이는 4, 5월을 정점으로 봄철에 많은 개체수가 나타났으나, 6월에는 개체수가 급격히 줄었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.307-321
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• 1995

Division of ecoregions having respective functions was attempted through quantitative and qualitative analysis on vegetation diversity, and heterogeneity and on soil environment of the study sites. Field research was carried out in a square of 81 ㎢ around Andongpo (126°38'E, 37°30'N), Kimpo-gun, Kyonggi provice. Conventional methods applied are as follows: classical syntaxonomy by the Zurich-Montpellier School, interpolation method to determine the degree of diversity, heterogeneity and distribution pattern of vegetation, and correlation analysis between soil properties and plant communities. 41 plant communities were identified and composed of 6 forests, 4 mantle and 31 herb communities including 6 saltmarsh plant communities. In a mesh, number of plant communities was highly correlated to the number of species. The highest number of plant community and species was 25 communities·km-2·mesh-1 and 381 species· km-2·mesh-1 ,and the highest value of vegetation heterogeneity was 28.1 species· community-1·mesh-1. Their lowest numbers were 4 communities·km-2·mesh-1. and 28 species·km-2·mesh-1. and 7 species·community-1·mesh-1, respectively. Contour map on vegetation diversity and heterogeneity enabled us to establish two regions; coastal and inland vegetation. Isoline 〔150〕,〔10〕and〔10〕and〔15〕on the species diversity, the community diversity and the vegetation heterogeneity, respectively, were regarded as ecolines in the study area. Cl- content was recognized as the most important factor from correlation analysis between soil properties. Ordination of sites indicated that the study area be divided into two edaphic types: inland and coastal habitats. It was considered that the extent of desalinization in soil played a major role in determining the species composition in the reclamed area. By matching edaphic division of habitats with division of vegetation structures, designation of ecoregion was endorsed. The approach of current study was suggested as an effective tool to implement an assessment of the vegetation dynamics by the disparity of natural environment and anthropogenic interferences.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.719-732
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• 2008

The total number of flies collected was 4,864 with sex ratio of 32.8% from Suseungdae area, Geochang-gun, Gyeongnam, Korea. The fauna of fly was 35 species consisting of 13 Calliphoridae, 12 Muscidae, 8 Sarcophagidae, 1 Dryomyzidae and 1 Anthomyiidae. The number of genus and species of Calliphoridae and Muscidae of Suseungdae area were similarly found in the mountain and residential areas, however, those of Sarcophagidae was similar with that of residential area. Calliphoridae was the most dominant family at the survey sites with 60.4% of the total collected flies, and followed Muscidae 33.3% and Sarcophagidae 6.2%. The dominant species were constituted of 83.6% of the total flies and the order of collected flies was Chrysomyia pinguis (42.2%), Limnophora sp. (10.8%), Muscina angustifrons (8.6%), Calliphora lata (8.1%), Fannia scalaris (5.5%), Lucilia caesar (3.9%), and Boettcherisca peregrina (4.2%). The seasonal prevalence of flies was from the middle of March to the end of November, and the peak time of appearance was the middle of June, middle of September and middle of October. The highest peak of prevalence was the middle of October. The similarity index of the flies was above 80%, compared to Mt. Geonheung and landfill in Geochang-gun. The number of fly species was more affected by the mean air temperature. In the comparison of the seasonal prevalence and relative abundance of 7 predominant species among 35 species, each species was found to exhibit its specific characteristics and showed the pattern of species.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2009

진해만 조간대에서 서식하는 해조류 군집 구조를 파악하기 위하여 2007년에 8개 정점을 대상으로 계절별로 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안 총 45종의 해조류가 서식하였으며, 이 중 녹조류 4종, 갈조류 10종, 그리고 홍조류가 29종으로 나타났다. 우점종은 Ulva pertusa, U. conglobata, Sargassum horneri, Gelidium divaricatum, Gracilaria textorii, Polysiphonia morrowii으로 나타났다. 출현종수는 계절 및 정점에 따라 변하였다. 겨울에 가장 많은 42종이 출현하였으며, 여름에는 33종으로 가장 적었다. 정점별로는 정점 1,7,8에서 가장 많았으며, 정점 2와 3에서 가장 낮게 나타났나. 해조류 군집의 공간적 분포를 파악하기 위한 MDS 분석 결과에서는 해조류의 종조성 및 현존량이 각 정점의 물리해양학적인 특징 및 지형적인 차이에 의한 것으로 나타났나.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2017

Background: Species in the heterokont genus Synura are colonial and have silica scales whose ultrastructural characteristics are used for classification. We examined the ultrastructure of silica scales and molecular data (nuclear SSU rDNA and LSU rDNA, and plastid rbcL sequences) to better understand the taxonomy and phylogeny within the section Petersenianae of genus Synura. In addition, we report the first finding of newly recorded Synura species from Korea. Results: We identified all species by examination of scale ultrastructure using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Three newly recorded species from Korea, Synura americana, Synura conopea, and Synura truttae were described based on morphological characters, such as cell size, scale shape, scale size, keel shape, number of struts, distance between struts, degree of interconnections between struts, size of base plate pores, keel pores, base plate hole, and posterior rim. The scales of the newly recorded species, which belong to the section Petersenianae, have a well-developed keel and a characteristic number of struts on the base plate. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data from three genes in 32 strains (including three outgroup species). The results provided strong statistical support that the section Petersenianae was monophyletic, and that all taxa within this section had well-developed keels and a defined number of struts on the base plate. Conclusions: The phylogenetic tree based on sequence data of three genes was congruent with the data on scale ultrastructure. The resulting phylogenetic tree strongly supported the existence of the section Petersenianae. In addition, we propose newly recorded Synura species from Korea based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters: S. americana, S. conopea, and S. truttae.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.524-532
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• 2011

The intertidal benthic macroalgal floras of 19 uninhabited islands were investigated in the Goheung area, South Sea, Korea, in June 2008. Seaweed community structures on the rocky shores of four (Naemaemuldo, Ceoldo, Araedombaeseom, and Jinjioedo) of the 19 islands were also examined. Eighty macroalgal species were identified, including 13 green, 19 brown, and 48 red algae. The maximum number of species was found at Naemaemuldo, with 35 species, and the minimum was at Aredombaeseom, with 21 species. Seaweed biomass ranged from 21.39-76.22 g dry wt/$m^2$, with a maximum at Naemaemuldo, and minimum at Jinjioedo. Sargassum thunbergii was a representative species, distributed widely in the intertidal zone of the four islands. Subdominant seaweeds were Corallina pilulifera and Ulva pertusa at Naemaemuldo and Jinjioedo, respectively. Also, Ishige okamurae was dominant at Ceoldo and Araedombaeseom. Six functional seaweed forms were found at each study site, except for Araedombaeseom, which had four functional groups. On the rocky shores of the four sites, a coarsely-branched form was the most dominant functional group ranging from 44.44-61.90% in species number and 72.42-91. 09% in biomass. In conclusion, among the four study sites, the shore of Naemaemuldo Island had the best ecological status, with the highest number of species, and greatest biomass (mainly brown and red algae) and functional form diversity of seaweeds. Furthermore, on the rocky shore of Naemaemuldo, coarsely branched- and joint calcareous-form seaweeds, which grow in clean and undisturbed environmental conditions, were the representative functional forms.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 1988

Lespedeza species have been widely used not only as plant resources for bark, leaves and honey, but also as erosion control materials. This study was carried out to investigate the structural and wood tiber characteristics in order to obtain basic information for the utilization of the wood. The wood structure was investigated for 10 selected species and the wood fiber, for the 5 selected species among Lespedeza species distributed all over the country. The following results were obtained. In the cross section, campylotropis showed ray diffuse porous wood, L. bicolor, L. cyrtobotrya, L. thunbergii var. intermedia, diffuse porous wood, and L. tomentella, L. angustifolioides. L. maritima, L. robusta, L. patentibicolor, ring porous wood. The maximum diameter of a single vessel ranged 66-123 ${\mu}$ in all species. Campylotropis showed the most number of vessels, L. angustifolioides, the least. The number of ray per mm ranged 7-22, Campylotropis showed the most number of rays, L. angustifolioides, the least. In the radial section the average length of vessel ranged 121-250 ${\mu}$ in all species. L. thunbergii var. intermedia showed the longest vessel, L. tomentella, the shortest. In tangential section the average width of the uniseriate ray ranged 9.2-14.7${\mu}$, that of the multiseriate ray, 19.2-42.1 ${\mu}$. The average height of the uniseriate ray ranged 143.0-1162.0 ${\mu}$. The width of fiber ranged 10.12-13.61 ${\mu}$, L. maximowiezii showed the narrowest tiber, L. thunbergii var. intermedia. the widest, the thickness of fiber wall ranged 2.93-3.71 ${\mu}$ in the five species. L. maximowiezii showed the most thin fiber wall, L. thunbergii var. intermedia, the thickest, L. cyrtobotrya showed the difference in the size of fiber between the shade and the sunny sites but L. maximowiezii showed no difference. There was significant difference in fiber length, fiber width and wall thickness between L. eyrtobotrya and L. maximowiezii.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.50-54
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• 2021

본 연구는 국내 천연기념물 중 야생조류의 폐사체 현황을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 우리나라에서 2016년부터 2020년까지 신고된 천연기념물의 폐사체는 총 38종 5,036개체이었다. 2020년에 34종으로 가장 많은 종이 폐사하였고 2019년에 1,095개체로 가장 많은 개체수가 기록되었다. 가을철에 가장 많은 종수가 확인되었고 가장 적은 개체수가 확인되었다. 이와는 반대로 여름철에 적은 종수와 가장 많은 개체수가 확인되었다. 연중 11월이 가장 많은 종이 폐사하였고 6월에 가장 많은 개체가 폐사하였다. 전체 폐사체 중 황조롱이(Falco tinnunculus)가 약 20%를 차지하여 가장 많았으며, 수리부엉이(Bubo bubo), 솔부엉이(Ninox scutulata), 소쩍새(Otus sunia), 참매(Accipiter gentilis), 독수리(Cinreous Vulture), 새매(Accipiter nisus) 등의 순으로 구성되었다. 봄철과 여름철은 국내 번식하는 종이 폐사체의 대부분을 차지하였으며, 겨울철에는 큰고니, 독수리 등 월동개체의 비율이 증가하였다. 천연기념물의 멸실신고는 사람에 의한 신고로 폐사체 현황만으로는 천연기념물의 국내 군집특성을 파악할 순 없으나, 야행성으로 자세한 조사가 수행되지 않은 올빼미목의 국내 개체수 파악과 국내 천연기념물 폐사체 현황 자료의 제공으로 천연기념물 보호를 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.52-61
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• 1999

1997년 10월부터 1998년 8월까지 2개월 간격으로 아산만 입구 입파도 부근에서 수심 1. 5m 이하인 정점 1에서는 갓후리그물로, 수심 5~7 m인 정점 2와 15 m 이상인 정점 3에서는 beam trawl로 어류를 채집하여 수심에 따른 종 조성의 계절 변동을 분석하였다. 총 43종이 채집되었으며, 정점 1에서 13종, 정점 2에서 28종, 정점 3에서 30종이 채집되었고, 밀도도 수심이 깊어짐에 따라 증가하였다. 정점 1과 2에서는 날개망둑(Favonigobius gymnauchen)이 전체 개체수의 55.7%, 38.9%를 차지하였고, 여름철에 출현 총수와 개체수가 많았으며, 대부분이 유어들이었다. 정점 3에서는 흰베도라치 (Pholis fangi)와 쉬쉬 망둑 (Chaeturichthys stigmatias)이 개체수 면에서 우점하였고, 주로 성어와 크기가 큰 개체들이 채집되었다. 이 정점에서도 난수기에 밀도가 낮았으나, 겨울에 상대적으로 많은 종이 출현하였다. 주성분 분석의 결과 종 조성은 깊은 곳과 얕은 곳이 다르게 나타났다. 전체적으로 아산만 어류는 서해 다른 해역에 비하여 출현 종수와 밀도가 낮았고, 아산만 내에서도 모래뻘질인 조사해역의 종 조성은 뻘로 구성된 내부해역과도 차이가 있었다.