• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.1-13
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the trend of plural eclecticism in costumes appearing on the stages of the world's top 4 musicals based on the general researches and establishments made of the mentioned concept. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the aspects of eclectics appearing in overall pieces can be defined as situational eclecticism. It can be attributed to the dramatic elements contrasted in the storyline of the musical and occurs in mixture with various situations. Showing combinations of costumes from varying situations at once in the same stage makes the audience feel the dynamic elements of the piece. Second, the aspect of temporal eclecticism, which can be seen in the 'Phantom of the Opera' regarding mixture of crinoline style and art nouveau style, resulted from the partial mixture of classical elements for maximizing visual beauty in the historical pieces. Third, the aspect of spatial eclecticism can be observed in the musical 'Miss Saigon', which used costumes that combined multicultural elements by exposing different spaces and cultures such as America and Vietnam. It eclectically expresses the unique cultures and costumes of each country. Fourth, 'Les Miserables' shows the aspect of situational eclecticism, through its use of mixture of situations in various aspects, and in particular, the male and female costumes that blur the boundaries of life, death, and costume, the mixture of people's costume and aristocrat's costume, and the situational elements where the good and evil are contrasted are integrated eclectically to make the story dramatic.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.413-431
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• 2010

The focus of this article is on the assessment of vertical wind vector components and their aerodynamic impact on lattice framework, specifically two distinct sections of a guyed transmission tower. Thunderstorm winds, notably very localized events such as convective downdrafts (including downbursts) and tornadoes, result in a different load on a tower's structural system in terms of magnitude and spatial distribution when compared to horizontal synoptic winds. Findings of previous model-scale experiments are outlined and their results considered for the development of a testing rig that allows for rotation about multiple body axes through a series of wind tunnel tests. Experimental results for the wind loads on two unique experimental models are presented and the difference in behaviour discussed. For a model cross arm with a solidity ratio of approximately 30%, the drag load was increased by 14% when at a pitch angle of $20^{\circ}$. Although the effects of rotation about the vertical body axis, or the traditional 'angle of attack', are recognized by design codes as being significant, provisions for vertical winds are absent from each set of wind loading specifications examined. The inclusion of a factor to relate winds with a vertical component to the horizontal speed is evaluated as a vertical wind factor applicable to load calculations. Member complexity and asymmetric geometry often complicate the use of lattice wind loading provisions, which is a challenge that extends to future studies and codification. Nevertheless, the present work is intended to establish a basis for such studies.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.3792-3803
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• 1996

Since the skew beam element has two curvatures which are a curvature and a torsion, spatial behavior of curved beam which cannot be included in one plane can be anlayzed by emploting the skew beam element. The $C^{0}$-continuous skew beam element shows the stiffness locking phenomenon when full integration is employed. The locking phenomenpn is characterized by two typical phenomena ; one is the much smaller displacement thant the exact one and theother is the undelation phenomenon is stress distribution. In this paper, we examine how unmatched coefficient in the constrained energy brings about the locking by Reduced Minimization theory. We perform the numerical ones. These comparisons show that uniformly full integration(UFI), which employs full integration for the constrained energy, entails the locking phenomenon. But the use of uniformly reduced integration(URI) of selectively reduced integration(SRI), which employs reduced integration for constrained energy, does not produce the significant errors of displacements of the undulation phenomenon in stress distribution since they do not entails the locking, Additionally, the error due to the approximated parameters for describing the geometry of skew beam is examined.d.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.61-79
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• 2011

This study purposed to discover whether or not academic libraries reflect these changing roles. We selected K University as the research target and surveyed user satisfaction of materials, staff services, facilities, electronic devices, media, and so on. The research findings are as follows: 1) the frequency of library visits of University K was on the high side, 2) the primary purpose of using the academic library was associated with learning or reading, therefore, the most used library spaces were related to that, 3) the most used library materials were 'general books', the most unused were 'reference books', 4) the most preferred way to obtain needed materials when failing to find wanted materials was 'Contact librarian'. A similar phenomenon occurred in terms of facility use, 5) university K's users were usually satisfied with the loan policy, 6) the rate of users who don't know whether there is user education was very high, the rate of users who have no experience with user education was extremely low. These research findings can be referenced by library management to improve libraries' service quality and take advantage of complex spatial configurations.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.95-104
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• 1989

This paper presents a new shadow testing acceleration scheme for ray tracing called Hybrid Shadow Testing (HST) based on a conditional switching between the conventinal shadow testing method and Crow's shadow volume method, where the shadow polygons as well as the object polygons are registered onto the corresponding cells under the 3-D space subdivision environment. Despite the preprocessing time for the generation and registration of the shadow polygons, the total shadow testing time of the proposed algorithm, HST was approximately 50% of that of the conventional shadow testing method for several examples while the total ray tracing time was typically reduced by 30% from the conventional approach. This due to the selective use of the shadow volume method with a compromise between the maximal utilisation of shadow's spatial coherency and minimising the computational overhead for checking ray intersections with the shadow polygons. A parameter, $N_{th}$ denoting the critical number of shadow polygons between successive reflection points was used as a guideline for switching the shadow testing scheme between the conventional method and shadow volume method. A method for calculating $N_{th}$ from such statistical data as the number of object polygons, average polygon size average peripheral length of the polygons was proposed, resulting in good agreement with the experimental results.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2002

This paper addresses a method to automatically detect out a person's face from a given image that consists of a hair and face view of the person and a complex background scene. Out method involves an effective detection algorithm that exploits the spatial distribution characteristics of human skin color via an adaptive fuzzy color classifier (AFCC), The universal skin-color map is derived on the chrominance component of human skin color in Cb, Cr and their corresponding luminance. The desired fuzzy system is applied to decide the skin color regions and those that are not. We use RGB model for extracting the hair color regions because the hair regions often show low brightness and chromaticity estimation of low brightness color is not stable. After some preprocessing, we apply convex-hull to each region. Consequent face detection is made from the relationship between a face's convex-hull and a head's convex-hull. The algorithm using the convex-hull shows better performance than the algorithm using pattern method. The performance of the proposed algorithm is shown by experiment. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm successfully and efficiently detects the faces without constrained input conditions in color images.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.106-114
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose the method of designing an extended kalman filter in order to accurately measure the position of the spatial-phase system using sensor fusion. We use the quaternion as a state variable in expressing the attitude of an object. Then, the attitude of rigid body can be calculated from the accelerometer and magnetometer by applying the Gauss-Newton method. We estimate the changes of state by using the measurements obtained from the gyroscope, the quaternion, and the vision informations by ARVR_SDK. To increase the accuracy of estimation, we designed and implemented the extended kalman filter, which showed excellent ability to adjust and compensate the sensor error. As a result, we could experimentally demonstrate that the reliability of the attitude estimation value can be significantly increased.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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• 1996.06b
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• pp.285-309
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• 1996

Non oxide ceramics such as nitrides of transition metals have shown significant potential for future economic impact, in diverse applications in ceramic, aerospace and electronic industries, as refractory products, abrasives and cutting tools, aircraft components, and semi-conductor substrates amid others. Combustion synthesis has become an attractive alternative to the conventional furnace technology to produce these materials cheaply, faster and at a higher level of purity. However he process os highly exothermic and manifests complex dynamics due to its strongly non-linear nature. In order to develop an understanding of this process and to study the effect of operational parameters on the final outcome, numerical modeling is necessary, which would generated essential knowledge to help scale-up the process. the model is based on a system of parabolic-hyperbolic partial differential equations representing the heat, mass and momentum conservation relations. The model also takes into account structural change due to sintering and volumetric expansion, and their effect on the transport properties of the system. The solutions of these equations exhibit steep moving spatial gradients in the form of reaction fronts, propagating in space with variable velocity, which gives rise to varying time scales. To cope with the possibility of extremely abrupt changes in the values of the solution over very short distances, adaptive mesh techniques can be applied to resolve the high activity regions by ordering grid points in appropriate places. To avoid a control volume formulation of the solution of partial differential equations, a simple orthogonal, adaptive-mesh technique is employed. This involves separate adaptation in the x and y directions. Through simple analysis and numerical examples, the adaptive mesh is shown to give significant increase in accuracy in the computations.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.33-44
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• 2002

The water resources information system of a watershed should be set up to understand the water management problems with reflecting basin characteristics for the effective water use. This study is to develop a watershed management system to be operated in water resources and water quality management. In order to promote effective utilization of this system, the various kinds of information data are collected, and this system could be utilized as a valuable tool for maximum uses of them. The information system developed in this study is constructed with GUI(graphic user interface) system using Arc-View and Visual Basic at the circumstances based on the PC. The integrated GIS and Remote Sensing based system is directed to the need for more detailed information on watershed management. The ability to present system clearly provides an indispensable tool for a river basin development and water management plan.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2011

With the increased use of GPS in the field of various applications including surveying, the request for fast and precise positional information has increased. Several countries such as USA, Canada, and Australia have already been operating Internet-based automatic GPS data analysis system using e-mail and FTP. Expanding GPS market, it is necessary to establish automatic GPS baseline processing system that is accessible via Internet. The system developed in this study is operating on the web, and it allows the users to access easily regardless of time and place. The main processing engines are Bernese V5.0 and PAGES. They process user data with three GPS CORS(Continuously Operating Reference Station), and then send the report to the users through e-mail. This system allows users to process high accurate GPS data easily. It is expected that this system will be used for various GPS applications such as monitoring large-scale structures and providing spatial information services in private sector.