• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.323-344
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out for extension of SOMS as metadata of KERIS dCollection to activate IR(institutional repository), which was a new media for academic communication. For this study, current trends of foreign IR were surveyed, and MIT Dspace metadata and Bruxel DISpace metadata were analyzed to apply to SOMS. New SOMS suggested in this study will be more flexible to describe various materials, and to import and/or export academic research performance metadata.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.70-73
• /
• 2018

To determine the optimum amount of spent oyster mushroom substrate (SOMS) for use in cultivation of Lentinula edodes, the chemical properties of the substrate and culture conditions of Lentinula edodes were investigated. Replacing 20-50% of a sawdust substrate with SOMS yielded a C/N ratio of 62-76. In case of substrates containing SOMS, the total nitrogen and phenolic contents of were higher, whereas fructose and organic acid contents were lower than those of the control substrate. Cultivation tests showed that the 3-cycle yield of 20% SOMS treatment was 286.7 g, similar to that of the control, while 50% SOMS treatment significantly decreased the yield. In conclusion, development of oak mushroom substrate using SOMS would recycle waste products and decrease material costs.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.699-706
• /
• 2007

This article is an approach to improving the clustering of Web images by using high-level semantic features from text information relevant to Web images as well as low-level visual features of image itself. These high-level text features can be obtained from image URLs and file names, page titles, hyperlinks, and surrounding text. As a clustering algorithm, a self-organizing map (SOM) proposed by Kohonen is used. To evaluate the clustering efficiencies of SOMs, we propose a simple but effective measure indicating the accumulativeness of same class images and the perplexities of class distributions. Our approach is to advance the existing measures through defining and using new measures accumulativeness on the most superior clustering node and concentricity to evaluate clustering efficiencies of SOMs. The experimental results show that the high-level text features are more useful in SOM-based Web image clustering.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2019

Objectives of this study were to identify the hotspot for displacement of the on-line water quality sensors, in order to detect illicit discharge of untreated wastewater. A total of twenty-six water quality parameters were measured in sewer networks of the industrial complex located in Daejeon city as a test-bed site of this study. For the water qualities measured on a daily basis by 2-hour interval, the self-organizing maps(SOMs), one of the artificial neural networks(ANNs), were applied to classify the catchments to the clusters in accordance with patterns of water qualities discharged, and to determine the hotspot for priority sensor allocation in the study. The results revealed that the catchments were classified into four clusters in terms of extent of water qualities, in which the grouping were validated by the Euclidean distance and Davies-Bouldin index. Of the on-line sensors, total organic carbon(TOC) sensor, selected to be suitable for organic pollutants monitoring, would be effective to be allocated in D and a part of E catchments. Pb sensor, of heavy metals, would be suitable to be displaced in A and a part of B catchments.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.794-803
• /
• 2011

Self Organizing Map (SOM) was applied for pattern classification of hydrological and water quality data measured at Jangseong Reservoir on a monthly basis. The primary objective of the present study is to understand better data characteristics and relationship between the data. For the purpose, two SOMs were configured by a methodologically systematic approach with appropriate methods for data transformation, determination of map size and side lengths of the map. The SOMs constructed at the respective measurement stations for water quality data (JSD1 and JSD2) commonly classified the respective datasets into five clusters by Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI). The trained SOMs were fine-tuned by Ward's method of a hierarchical cluster analysis. On the one hand, the patterns with high values of standardized reference vectors for hydrological variables revealed the high possibility of eutrophication by TN or TP in the reservoir, in general. On the other hand, the clusters with low values of standardized reference vectors for hydrological variables showed the patterns with high COD concentration. In particular, Clsuter1 at JSD1 and Cluster5 at JSD2 represented the worst condition of water quality with high reference vectors for rainfall and storage in the reservoir. Consequently, SOM is applicable to identify the patterns of potential eutrophication in reservoirs according to the better understanding of data characteristics and their relationship.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2005

This paper proposes a novel texture segmentation method using Bayesian image segmentation method and SOM(Self Organization feature Map). Multi-scale wavelet coefficients are used as the input of SOM, and likelihood and a posterior probability for observations are obtained from trained SOMs. Texture segmentation is performed by a posterior probability from trained SOMs and MAP(Maximum A Posterior) classification. And the result of texture segmentation is improved by context information. This proposed segmentation method shows better performance than segmentation method by HMT(Hidden Markov Tree) model. The texture segmentation results by SOM and multi-sclae Bayesian image segmentation technique called HMTseg also show better performance than by HMT and HMTseg.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 2000

This paper describes a method of generating MPHFs(Minimal Perfect Hash Functions) for large static search key sets. The MOS(Mapping-Ordering-Searching) approach is widely used presently in MPHF generation. In this research, the MOS approach is improved and a SOMS(Selecting-Ordering-Mapping-Searching) approach is proposed, where the Selecting step is newly introduced and the Orderng step is performed before the Mapping step to generate MPHFs more effectively. The MPHF generation algorithm proposed in this research is probabilistic and the expected processing time is linear to the number of keys. Experimental results show that MPHFs are generated fast and the space needed to represent the hash functions is small.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.703-710
• /
• 2011

Odor emission from domestic sewer systems has become a serious environmental problem. An investigation on a sewer manhole revealed that anaerobic decay of sediment organic matters (SOMs) and related declines of oxidation reduction potential (ORP) in the sediment layer were the main reason of the production of volatile sulfur compounds. In addition, as the anaerobic decaying period continued, the odor intensity rapidly increased with increasing concentrations of $H_2S$ and dimethyl sulfide. As a feasible method to control SOMs and to minimize odor emission potentials, an electrolytic oxidation process has been employed to the sediment sludge phase. In this study, voltages applied to the electrolytic oxidation process were varied as a main system parameter, and its effects on odor removal efficiencies and reaction characteristics were investigated. At the applied voltages greater than 20 V, the system efficiently oxidized the organic matter, and the ORP in the sludge phase increased rapidly. As a consequence, the removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide was found to be >99% within 60 minutes of the electrolytic oxidation. Overall, the electrolytic oxidation process can be an alternative to control odor emission from sewer systems, and a threshold input energy needs to be determined to achieve effective operation of the process.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.25-51
• /
• 2023

The purpose of the study was to validate the Korean version of the Heterophobia Scale for Gay Male (HGM). Heterophobia refers to the rejection, fear, and avoidance that sexual minorities feel against of heterosexuals. The three subscales of HGM assesses the unease/avoidance, disconnectedness, and expected rejection fromwith heterosexual male. To validate the Korean HGM, item translation, item analysis, and exploratory factor analysis were conducted. From the Using exploratory factor analysis of the Korean version of the HGM(N=213), per 13 items, a 3-factor model consisting of 13 items wereas determined. The Cconfirmatory factor analysis supported the goodness of fit of the 3-factor structure of the K-HGM (N=153) and showed adequate model fit, K-HGM showed adequate the internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity and Criterion validity was good with other related scales (K-SOMS, K-MISS-G, SDS-9, and RS). In conclusion, the K-HGM is a valid measure of heterophobia for gay male within the Korean population. Based on the findings, implications, practical use, limitations, and suggestions for future study are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.38 no.12
• /
• pp.641-646
• /
• 2016

Soil organic matter (SOM) is an important soil component releasing nutrients to the plants and reducing risks of soil contamination to the human and ecosystem. Much attention has been recently paid to SOM investigation and management because SOM holds the most of carbon in the earth and sequestrate carbon as a sink tank. The first objective of the study was to investigate SOM of 495 soil samples taken at the Korea Soil Quality Monitoring Network. Soil samples were collected from 16 regions and 8 land use types. The second objective of the study was to find a relationship between the Tyurin method and loss-on-ignition (LOI) method for SOM. The means of SOM by Tyurin and LOI methods were 1.90 and 2.92 % (w/w), respectively. Land uses such as forest, religious area and park where organic matters continuously supply to normally showed higher SOMs than residential and school areas having sandy soils. A regression equation of the relationship between Tyurin and LOI methods was y(Tyurin) = 0.6257x(LOI) + 0.0602 (P-value < 0.001). The coefficient of determination was $R^2=0.749$, relatively linearly related. Although LOI may result in higher SOMs than the Tyurin method, LOI may be a preference for the SOM investigation if various kinds of land uses and many soil samples should be measured.