• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.339-339
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• 2013

We study on the optical and electrical properties of indium-free ZTO(ZnSnO)/Ag/ZTO (ZAZ) multilayer electrodes for the low-cost transparent electrode. In the first step, each single layer was deposited using rf magnetron in-line sputter with various working pressure based on $O_2$/$Ar+O_2$ ratio (0~3%) and power at room temperature. Secondly, we studied the optical and electrical properties by analyzing the refractive index, extinction coefficient, transmittance and resistivity of each layer. Finally, we optimized the thickness of each layer using macleod simulation program based on the analyzed optical properties and fabricated the multilayer electrode. As a result, We achieved a low sheet resistance of $11{\Omega}$/sq and anaverage transmittance of 80% in the visible region of light (380~780 nm). This indicates that indium-free ZAZ multilayer electrode is a promising low-cost and low-temperature processing electrode scheme.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08b
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• pp.1715-1718
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• 2007

New ITO thin film of good performance has been developed by brand-new, plasma-damage-free sputtering process at the room temperature. The room temperature-processed ITO films with optimized conditions as neutral beam acceleration bias of -30V and In & Sn composition ratio of 99:01 gives lower resistivity as $4.22{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}-cm$ and higher transmittance over 90% a wavelength of 550 nm. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of the films show a nano-crystalline structure.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.1.1-5
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• 1994

In the single sweep record of event-related potential (ERP), the peak latency of P300, which is one of the most prominent positive peaks in the ERP record, might fluctuate according to the recording conditions. The fluctuation of the peak latency (measurement fluctuation) is the summation of the fluctuation caused by physiological factor (physiological fluctuation) and one by noise of background EEG (noise fluctuation). We propsed a method for estimating the interval of the physiological fluctuation based on a limited number of single sweep records. The noise fluctuation was estimated by using the relationship between the signal-to-noise (SN) ratio and the noise fluctuation based on the P300 model and the background EEG model. The interval estimate of the physiological fluctuation were obtained by subtracting the interval estimate of the noise fluctuation from that of the measurement fluctuation. The proposed method was tested by using simulation data of ERP and applied to actual ERP and data of normal subjects, and gave satisfactory results.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.24 no.4 s.47
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• pp.799-817
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the initial skeletal pattern and growth change of whom had responsed well to chincap therapy. 93 patients seleted for this study were in mixed dentition and treated with chincap for more than 2 years. And 54 subjects were selected from these total samples and classified into two groups by the improvement of four measurements : ANB difference, APDI, Wits appraisal, and AF-BF. One was good response group which consisted of 26 children and the other was poor response group with 19 patients. Various measures of the craniofacial structure in the initial lateral cephalograms and the annual increments were calculated and analyzed by comparing two groups with t-test. The results were as follows : 1. Good response group had more horizontal growth pattern in initial stage of treatment than poor response group, and the contributing factors of this result were anterior posterior facial height ratio, gonial angle, lower genial angle and SN-mandibular plane angle. 2. The maxilla was positioned more anteriorly in good response group. 3. The amounts of vertical growth of maxilla was smaller but the horizontal growth of maxilla was larger in good response group. 4. The mandible rotated more infero-posteriorly in good response group. 5. The good response group had more vertical growth pattern of mandibular condyle.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 1978

In order to know the variation of the associated craniofacial skeletal angle and linear distance according to the change of gonial angle, the roentgenographic cephalo metric study was undertaken in Korean normal cephalometric analysis and eletric computer. The fallowing results were optained. 1) The size of gonial angle is mainly depend on the lower gonial angle. The mean of upper gonial gngle is almost same in normal occlusion group$^*$ and malocclusion group. 2) It was resulted on normal group and malocclusion group by F test that the number of parameters that were significant at 5% level of confidence were 14 parameters in normal occlusion group and 22 parameters in malocclusion group. 3) Ramus height and mandibular body length increased and facial ratio is decreased as gonial angle decreased. 4) MP-T, overbite depth and Y-axis angle is not related to gonial angle in normal occlusion group, but in moloclusion group, as gonial angle decreased, MP-T and overbite depth is increased and Y-axis angle is decreased. 5) SN-MP, OP-MP, PP-MP is increased as gonial anglel increased, it was mainly depend on the lower gonial angle.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 2018

Misfueling accidents significantly damage the engines of both gasoline and diesel vehicles, and should be avoided by rapid and accurate fuel discrimination. Gasoline fuel contains bioethanol. Thus, the detection of ethanol vapor produced by gasoline can be used to distinguish between gasoline and diesel. In the present study, Pt-doped $SnO_2$ hollow nanospheres, Mg-doped $In_2O_3$ hollow microspheres, and Pt-doped ZnO nanostructures have been used as gas sensors to discriminate between gasoline and diesel fuels. All three sensors are able to detect and discriminate between gases evaporating from gasoline and diesel. Among the sensors, the Mg-doped $In_2O_3$ hollow microspheres show a significant gas response (resistance ratio = 4.97) quickly (~3 s) after exposure to gasoline-evaporated gas at $225^{\circ}C$, but did not show any substantial response to diesel-evaporated gas. This demonstrates that gasoline and diesel fuels can be discriminated using small and cost-effective oxide semiconductor gas sensors.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.260-263
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• 2011

GZO/ITO double layered films were deposited on unheated non-alkali glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering using an ITO ($SnO_2$: 10 wt%) and GZO($Ga_2O_3$: 5.57 wt%) ceramic targets, respectively. The electrical resistivity of GZO/ITO films depends on the thickness ratio between the GZO film and ITO film. With increasing ITO film thickness, the resistivity of GZO/ITO films decreased which due to large increase in the Hall mobility. Also, the crystallinity of GZO/ITO film was improved with an increase in ITO thickness which was evaluated by X-ray diffraction. The average transmittance of the films was more than 85% in the visible region, which is slightly higher than ITO single layer films.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.935-949
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• 2016

Purpose: This study attempts to find out the optimum condition of the rotary cutter making pellet in the footwear outsole process. The pellets are used in the process of outsole rubber fabrication to reduce cycle time and save raw material. Methods: Computer simulations are used to analyze the maximum stress in the rotary cutter after designing a variety of cutter shapes. Taguchi method is used to identify the robust condition of the cutter. In $L_{18}$ orthogonal array, the control factors such as knife width, twisted angle, number of knives, diameter, knife depth and supported angle are considered and noise factors like assembly tolerance and amount of antifriction are allocated. Results: It is found that the most important factors to reduce maximum stress in the cutter are supported angle and diameter. Using Tacuchi's results, we can reduce 70% cycle time and 9% raw material compared to the traditional method using cutting die. Conclusion: When designing the rotary cutter, the best conditions are the diameter at its maximum allowable value and supported angle in the boundary of machine inner space.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.119-134
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to show whether the results are changed with respect to the variance of the data, by analysis of data obtained from the Taguchi experimental techniques and general experiment. Because which cannot be prove by mathematical Formula, through experimental examples will show. Methods: Taguchi experiments were carried out with paper Helicopter experiment. Experimental Data are obtained by special designed Drop Test Equipment. While Experimental value arbitrarily changed, we looked at how Significant control Factor of Taguchi Methods and Factor experiments are changed. This process cannot be expressed as a Mathematical formula, but showed as a numerical example. Results: Saw significant changes in the factors when data is outside a certain range of the experimental data. By Test of Equivalence Variance, Experiment data is verified reliability. To find the Control Factor, Taguchi Method is better than the general experiment. Conclusion: We know that a Significant Factor is changed with the range of Variance of Experiment Data. The value of this paper is verified change process with Numerical Data obtained Experiment.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1263-1269
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to characterize immunoliposomes carrying plasmid DNA with optimal encapsulation efficiency and antibody density. Plasmid DNA was encapsulated by the freezing/thawing method into liposomes composed of POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol- 3-phosphocholine), DDAB (didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide), DSPE-PEG 2000 (distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine polyethylene glycol 2000) and DSPE-PEG 2000-maleimide. The liposomes carrying plasmid DNA were extruded through two stacked polycarbonate filters, of different pore size, to control the liposome size. Then, rat IgG molecules were conjugated to the liposomes. The immunoliposomes containing plasmid DNA were separated from the free plasmid DNA and unconjugated IgG by Sepharose CL-4B column chromatography. The DNA amount encapsulated was affected by DDAB (cationic lipid) concentration, the initial amount of plasmid DNA between 10 ${\mu}g$ and 200 ${\mu}g$, the total lipid amount and plasmid DNA size, but not significantly by liposome size. By varying the ratio of DSPE-PEG 2000-maleimide to IgG, the number of IgG molecules per liposome was changed significantly.