• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.116-134
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• 2005

Although the parallel prescription of Sopoongsangagambang (SG) administration along with external treatment such as spraying or ointment application on the skin is clinically used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), molecular mechanism underlying its effectiveness is unknown. Thus in the present study, diverse immune responses in terms of chemical mediators related to AD were investigated using an atopic mouse model NC/Nga after SG administration and external treatment (ET), and major findings are summarized as follows. 1. The clinical severities in 16 and 20 week old NC/Nga mice with SG and ET treatment were decreased to 72.2% and 62.3% respectively compared to the control NC/Nga mice with no drug treatment. 2. IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IgM, IgG1 and IgG2a levels in the serum of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mouse group were significantly decreased compared to the untreated control mice. In contrast, $IFN-{\gamma}$ showed a significant increase in the experimental group compared to the untreated control group. 3. The spleen weight of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice was significantly decreased compared to the untreated control group. 4. The B/T ratio in the lymph node of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice was increased compared to the untreated control group. $CD4^+\;and\;CD8^+$ cell numbers in the lymph node of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice were significantly increased compared to the untreated control group, but $CD69^+\;and\;CD11a^+$ cells were significantly decreased. 5. mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, and CCR3 in the skin tissues of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice were significantly decreased, and expression levels of IL-6, IL-13, $CD69^+/CD3{\varepsilon}^+\;and\;CD19^+/CD44^+$ in the skin tissues of SG and ET treated NC/Mga mice were significantly decreased compared to the untreated control group. $IFN-{\gamma}$ mRNA expression levels were increased compared to the untreated control group. 6. Histological observation of the ear and neck skin tissues showed that the extents of inflammation and infiltrated immune cells in the epidermis and dermis of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice were highly reduced compared to the untreated control group. 7. Lymphokine assay showed a significant decrease in IL-4 levels in SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice compared to the untreated control group, but the levels of $IFN-{\gamma}$ secretion were significantly increased drug treated NC/Nga mice.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2005

Three Korean isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae KCTC 0981BP (ScK), S. glaseri Dongrae (SgD), and Heterorhabditis sp. KCTC 0991BP (HsK), were evaluated for the control of a turfgrass pest, Popillia quadriguttata. Three days after treatment, all nematodes showed high pathogenicity to adult P. quadriguttata with $97.5\%$ mortality by ScK, $90.8\%$ by HsK, and $80\%$ by SgD at the concentration of 900 infective juveniles per adult. Nematode attachment and infection rate to adult P. quadriguttata were various depending on nematode species and inoculation density. The rate of nematode attachment was $90.8\%$ in HsK, $90.6\%$ in SgD, and $35\%$ in ScK, resfectively at the concentration of 900 infective juveniles per adult. The infection rate that represents the rate of detected nematode from inside insect of body was $97.5\%$ in ScK, $ 80\%$ in both HsK and SgD at the 900 concentration of infected juveniles. The infection rate, however, was decreased to $27.5\%$ in ScK, $72.5\%$ in SgD, but no nematodes was detected in HsK at the concentration of 90 infective juveniles.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 2021

Targeted genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a ground-breaking technology that is being widely used to produce plants with useful traits. However, for woody plants, only a few successful attempts have been reported. These successes have used Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, which has been reported to be very efficient at producing genetically modified trees. Nonetheless, there are unresolved problems with plasmid sequences that remain in the plant genome. In this study, we demonstrated a DNA-free genome editing technique in which purified CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) are delivered directly to the protoplasts of a hybrid poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa). We designed three single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) to target the stress-associated protein 1 gene (PagSAP1) in the hybrid poplar. Deep sequencing results showed that pre-assembled RNPs had a more efficient target mutagenesis insertion and deletion (indel) frequency than did non-assembled RNPs. Moreover, the RNP of sgRNA3 had a significantly higher editing efficacy than those of sgRNA1 and sgRNA2. Our results suggest that the CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein-mediated transfection approach is useful for the production of transgene-free genome-edited tree plants.

• TTA Journal
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• s.80
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• pp.176-183
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• 2002

• TTA Journal
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• s.32
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• pp.81-87
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• 1994

• TTA Journal
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• s.90
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• pp.188-194
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• 2003

• TTA Journal
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• s.92
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• pp.179-184
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• 2004

• TTA Journal
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• s.92
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• pp.170-175
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• 2004

• TTA Journal
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• s.83
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• pp.179-185
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• 2002

• Korean Architects
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• s.637
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• pp.58-63
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• 2022