• TTA Journal
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• 통권103호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2006

지난 8월 SG13회의 결과에 따라 FGNGN 종료후 FGNGN에서 작업한 문서들을 성공적으로 마무리하고 NGN 표준화를 효율적으로 수행하 기 위해 SG11, SG13, SG19 및 기타 관련 SG들의 관련 그룹간 합동으로 회의를 개최키로 하고 이를 NGN-GSI로 부르기로 하였다. 그 결과 에 따라 1차 NGN GSI 회의가 지난 1월 16일부터 27일까지 스위스 제네바에서 개최되었으며, 본 고는 NGN-GSI의 주요 회의결과를 국내 대 표단 활동 내용 위주로 간단히 요약 정리한 것이다.

• TTA Journal
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• 통권61호
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• pp.103-110
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• 1999

본고에서는 신호방식 요구사항 및 프로토콜을 다루는 ITU-T의 중심 연구반인 Study Group 11의 개관과 한국통신의 SG11관련 표준화활동을 소개하고자 한다. SG11에서는 오랜동안 교환망 신호방식을 표준화해왔기 때문에 기간망사업자인 한국통신이 SG11에 갖는 관심은 각별하며, 최근에는 SG11의 표준범위가 교환망에서 이동망, 인터넷지원, 다양한 망간 연동 신호방식 등으로 점차 확장되어 가고 있어 그 관심이 더욱 증대되어 가고 있다.

• TTA Journal
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• 통권173호
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• pp.98-100
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• 2017

• TTA Journal
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• 통권77호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.445-447
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• 2016

Performance comparison between Tunneling Field-Effect Transistors (TFETs) was examined when three types of device parameter of double-gate TFET (DG-TFET) and single-gate TFET (SG-TFET) are varied. When the channel length is over 30 nm, silicon thickness is below 20 nm, and a gate insulator thickness decreases, the performance of $I_{on}$ and SS in SG-TFETs and DG-TFETs enhances. It shows that the performance of the DG-TFETs is improved than that of SG-TFETs at three types of device parameter.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.248-255
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• 2012

Potential antioxidant effect of processed ginseng (sun ginseng, SG) on oxidative stress generated by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) was investigated in HepG2 cells. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage test demonstrated that SG dose-dependently prevents a loss of cell viability against t-BHP-induced oxidative stress. Also, SG treatment dose-dependently relieved the increment of activities of hepatic enzymes, such as aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotransferase, and lipid peroxidation mediated by t-BHP treatment in HepG2 cells. SG increased the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. However, high dose of SG treatment caused decrease in mRNA level of glutathione peroxidase as compared to low dosage of SG-treated cells. The gene expression of glutathione reductase was found to be slightly increased by SG treatment. In addition, SG extract attributed its hepaprotective effect by inducing the mRNA level of bcl-2 and bcl-xL but reducing that of bax. But, the gene expression of bad showed no significant change in SG-treated HepG2 cells. These findings suggest that SG has hepatoprotective effect by showing reduction of LDH release, activities of hepatic enzymes and lipid peroxidation and regulating the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and apoptosis-related molecules against oxdative stress caused by t-BHP in HepG2 cells.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.331-345
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Saenggantanggami-bang (SG) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods : HepG2 cells were used in an in vitro model. HepG2 cells were divided into three groups. The Normal group was incubated with no fatty acid. The Control group was incubated with 1mM palmitic acid to introduce fat overloading. The PA-SG group was incubated with 1mM palmitic acid and various concentrations of Saenggantanggami-bang (SG). Cell viability and cytotoxicity were analyzed by MTT assay and LDH assay. Intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, ATP amount, and GST activity were measured. Cell death pattern and protective effect of SG on cell death were studied by DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 intensity (western blot). Results : Compared with the Control group, cell viability of the PA-SG group significantly increased (P<0.01), cytotoxicity of the PA-SG group decreased (P<0.01), and intracellular TG levels and ROS levels of the PA-SG group decreased (P<0.05). In DNA fragmentation assay, necrotic pattern was observed and DNA fragment decreased in the PA-SG group. In western blot, apoptotic pattern was observed, caspase-3 intensity of the PA-SG group was reduced significantly, but there were no significant differences in intracellular ATP amount and GST activity between the control group and the PA-SG group. Conclusion : The results suggest that Saenggantanggami-bang can be a potential candidate for the clinical treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2008

Objectives Seunggal-tang is one of the prescriptions of oriental herbal medicine, which has been applied to several allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis. This study was planned to compare differences of anti-allergic effects based on different form of Seunggal-tang by manufacturing differently. Methods Two types herb medicine products were used; aqueous extract (SG-T, Seunggal-Tang) and powder (SG-S, Seunggal-San) which were made from the same mixed formula of Seunggal-tang. To investigate in vitro anti-allergic activities, rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells were treated with SG-T and SG-S for 1 hour, and then stimulated with the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187. We examined the release of beta-hexosaminidase, as a marker of degranulation, and the releases of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-4, as proinflammatory cytokines. Results SG-T and SG-S didn't have effects on cell viabilities in concentrations under 2㎎/㎖. In additionto that, SG-T more inhibited releasing ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-4 than SG-S. Conclusions These results indicate that SG-T is more effective against mast cell-mediated allergic reactions than SG-S.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.16-24
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• 2024

Denting of steam generator (SG) tube is defined as the reduction in tube diameter due to the stresses exerted by the corrosion products formed on the outer diameter surface. This phenomenon is mostly observed in the crevices between SG tube and the top-of tubesheet or tube support plate. Despite the replacement of SG tube with Alloy 690, which has better corrosion resistance than Alloy 600, the denting of SG tube still remains a potential problem that could decrease the SG integrity. Deformation of SG tube by denting phenomenon can affect the surface properties and microstructure of SG tube. In this study, the effects of plastic deformation on surface properties and microstructure of Alloy 690 thermally treated (TT) tube was investigated by using the various analysis techniques. The plastic deformation of Alloy 690 increased the surface roughness and area. Many surface defects such as ripped surface and micro-cracks were observed on the deformed Alloy 690TT specimen. Based on the electron backscatter diffraction analysis, the dislocation density of deformed SG tube increased compared to non-deformed SG tube. In addition, the effects of changes in surface properties and microstructure of SG tube on general corrosion behavior were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2000

We have investigated the effect of short-term immobilization stress on the serum concentrations of cortisol and DHEAS in BALB/c male mice. Serum cortisol and DHEAS concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA). We found there were significantly increased in the cortisol levels in 30 min-stressed group(Ⅰ-30N) compared with control(C) group (p＜0.01), and also increased with significance in 120 min-stressed group(I-120N) compared with C group(p＜0.01). Cortisol concentrations were significantly increased in both 30 min-stressed group(Ⅰ-30T), and 120 min-stressed group(Ⅰ-120T) compared with C group(p＜0.01). The sustained increase of cortisol levels were observed in both SG treated and SG non-treated group. Serum cortisol levels were lower in SG treated group than SG non-treated group with significance(p＜0.01). By contrast, DHEAS levels were slightly decreased without significance in Ⅰ-30N, but significantly decreased in Ⅰ-120N compared with C group(p＜0.01). There were slightly decreased in the DHEAS levels in Ⅰ-30T, but significantly decreased in Ⅰ-120T compared with C group(p＜0.01). However, SG treatment did not induce any significant changes of DHEAS levels in both 30 min and 120 min-stressed group. Though short-term immobilization stress, the continuous decline of DHEAS levels were observed. Therefore, these results show that short-term immobilization stress affects the serum concentrations of cortisol and DHEAS in mice.