• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.76-80
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• 2007

For a more efficient and economical management of substations of power system areas, the concept of substation automation has been introduced using intelligent and ubiquitous IT techniques. In this paper, ubiquitous IT prototype hardware, functions and communication interfaces on an embedded platform for substation automation are proposed. Also, operating system architecture is suggested for the effective implementation of substation automation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.989-992
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 안전한 공장 원격제어를 위한 시스템 프레임 워크를 제안한다. 공장기계와 IT의 융합으로 기술 발전함에 따라 공장 제어 시스템을 공장내부에서는 무선 제어시스템, 공장 외부에서는 원격 시스템의 필요성이 대두되어 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 기존의 공장 자동화 시스템 SCADA(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition)는 생산 공정 및 플랜트의 상태를 감시하고 제어하기 위한 목적으로 개발되었지만 원격제어 관련 내용이 부족하다. 공장 내부 보안을 위한 표준으로 ISA99 Security Standards에서도 통합 공정 제어 Zone & Conduits 방식 제시 공장의 각 영역을 Zone으로 나누고 허가된 사용자만 Conduit를 통해 다른 Zone의 노드와 통신을 하는 방식을 제안하였다. 하지만, 전체적인 프레임워크는 정의를 하고 있으나 외부 원격 제어 내용 부족하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 스마트폰을 활용한 공장 외부에서의 안전한 원격 제어를 제공하는 통합관제시스템 프레임워크 구조를 제시하여 향후 관련 기술에 대한 기준점을 제시한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.445-457
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• 2013

This paper is about the study to build a quantitative methodology to assess cyber threats and vulnerabilities on control systems. The SCADA system in power industry is one of the most representative and biggest control systems. The SCADA system was originally a local system but it has been extended to wide area as both ICT and power system technologies evolve. Smart Grid is a concept to integrate energy and IT systems, and therefore the existing cyber threats might be infectious to the power system in the integration process. Power system is operated on a real time basis and this could make the power system more vulnerable to the cyber threats. It is a unique characteristic of power systems different from ICT systems. For example, availability is the most critical factor while confidentiality is the one from the CIA triad of IT security. In this context, it is needed to reflect the different characteristics to assess cyber security risks in power systems. Generally, the risk(R) is defined as the multiplication of threat(T), vulnerability(V), and asset(A). This formula is also used for the quantification of the risk, and a conceptual methodology is proposed for the objective in this study.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.382-384
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• 2008

D-TRS is a method of wireless communication. This method will be able to use several frequency for multiple user used chanel together. TETRA of D-TRS technology is not rented network. Using TETRA network has the strong point which cost better than CDMA network of rental network. Master server of SCADA(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system is realtime supervise control and a data acquire the control system or the RTU(Remote Terminal Unit). The present paper is developed and proposal the gateway platform for electronic power backbone network based on D-TRS. This gateway platform is converted DNP3.0 messages with TETRA PDU and converted TETRA PDU with DNP3.0 messages. Master server and FRTU will be able to send and receive DNP3.0 message via TETRA network using this gateway platform.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 2017

A series of high gradient superconducting magnetic separator (HGMS) for kaolin has been developed. It is used for processing kaolin to increase the brightness or whiteness whether it is for paper or ceramic applications. The HGMS system mainly consists of a solenoid magnet with a zero boil-off helium cryostat, a double reciprocating canisters system, and a PLC (Process Logic Controller) fully automatic control system based on SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system. We have successfully developed CGC-5.5/300 and CGC-5.0/500 HGMS systems in the recent years, and now three sets of them are on-site operation in different customers. This paper will present recent progress of the HGMS system, the results of some experiments on processing kaolin clay used HGMS, and the on-site operation.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.535-545
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• 2020

This study aims to conserve and monitor energy use in public sewage treatment plants by utilizing data from the SCADA system and by controlling the aeration rate required for maintaining effluent water quality. Power consumption in the sewage treatment process was predicted using the equipment's uptime, efficiency, and inherent power consumption. The predicted energy consumption was calibrated by measured data. Additionally, energy efficiency indicators were proposed based on statistical data for energy use, capacity, and effluent quality. In one case study, a sewage treatment plant operated via the SBR process used ~30% of energy consumed in maintaining the bioreactors and treated water tanks (included decanting pump and cleaning systems). Energy consumption analysis with the K-ECO Tool-kit was conducted for unit processing. The results showed that about 58.7% of total energy consumed was used in the preliminary and biological treatment rotating equipment such as the blower and pump. In addition, the energy consumption rate was higher to the order of 19.2% in the phosphorus removal process, 16.0% during sludge treatment, and 6.1% during disinfection and discharge. In terms of equipment energy usage, feeding and decanting pumps accounted for 40% of total energy consumed following 27% for blowers. By controlling the aeration rate based on the proposed feedback control system, the DO concentration was reduced by 56% compared pre-controls and the aeration amount decreased by 28%. The overall power consumption of the plant was reduced by 6% via aeration control.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.541-544
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• 2004

지난 99년 이후 친환경적이며 경제적이고 효율적인 대체 교통수단의 개발이라는 목표 하에, 차세대 근거리 교통수단으로 각광받고 있는 경량전철 시스템 적용을 목표로 무인 변전소 기반의 전력감시제어 시스템(SCADA)을 개발하였다. 차세대 변전소 기술 적용이라는 취지 하에 각종 IED들과의 연계는 모두 통신으로 처리하여 시스템의 고기능화를 추구하였고, Network 이중화를 통하여 시스템의 신뢰성을 제고하였으며, CCTV 및 각종 보안센서를 적용하여 배전반의 무인화 운전 및 원격 상시 감시 기능을 구현하였다. 이로써 신뢰성 있는 시스템 기반의 무인 변전소 기술 확립이라는 측면에서 현재 진행되고 있는 변전소 자동화 기술에 일조하며, 나아가 향후 에너지 IT산업기술의 기반이 되리라 사료된다.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.398-402
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• 2008

Recently, the development of superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) has been required as power demands increase in the power system. A distribution-level prototype resistive SFCL using coated conductor (CC) has been developed by Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. and Yonsei University for the first time in the world. The ratings of the SFCL are 13.2kV/630A at normal operating condition. A novel non-inductive winding method is used in fabricating coils so there is almost zero impedance during normal operation. The distribution SFCL is cooled by sub-cooled liquid nitrogen $(LN_2)$ of 65K and 3 bar to enhance cryo-dielectric performance, critical current density, and thermal conductivity. In order to make reliable operation of an SFCL in real power systems, we monitored and controled its operation conditions by using supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) method. Thus, a monitoring system for the SFCL employing information technology (IT) is proposed and developed to be on the lookout for the operation conditions such as inside temperature, inside pressure, $LN_2$ level, voltage and current. Since operation temperature should be kept constant, bang-bang control for temperature feedback with a heater attached to the cold head of cryo-cooler is applied to the system. Short-circuit tests with prospective fault current of 10kA and AC dielectric withstand voltage tests up to 143kV for 1 minute were successfully performed at Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute. This paper deals with the development of a distribution level SFCL and its monitoring system for reliable operation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 2015

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) has been used by Dynamic Positioning (DP) system for risk and reliability analysis. However, there are limitations associated with its implementation in offshore project. 1) since the failure data measured from the SCADA system is missing or unreliable, assessments of Severity, Occurrence, Detection are based on expert's knowledge; 2) it is not easy for experts to precisely evaluate the three risk factors. The risk factors are often expressed in a linguistic way. 3) the relative importance among three risk factors are rarely even considered. To solve these problems and improve the effectiveness of the traditional FMEA, we suggest a Fuzzy-FMEA method for risk and failure mode analysis in Dynamic Positioning System of offshore. The information gathered from DP FMEA report and DP FMEA Proving Trials is expressed using fuzzy linguistic terms. The proposed method is applied to an offshore Dynamic Positioning system, and the results are compared with traditional FMEA.