• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.141-145
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• 1993

The present study was performed in order to clarify the significance of serum amyloid A(SAA) estimation for the diagnosis of bovine amyloidosis and SAA as a useful parameter for the health status in herds. Twelve dutch dairy cows with final diagnosis(2 with amyloidosis, 3 with acute inflammatory disease and 7 with chronic inflammatory disease) were used to charify the significance of SAA determination for the diagnosis of bovine amyloidosis. The SAA concentration in the group of inflammatory disease was higher than that of amyloldotic group. Further the SAA value in the group of acute inflammatory disease was higher than that of chronic ones. To clarify the significance of SAA estimation as a useful parameter for the health status in herds, two Korean dairy farms(A and B) were selected and the SAA concentration was determined in total 76 cows(49 from A farm and 27 from B farm). The SAA concentration in cows from A farm was ranged with 0～169%. The cows with high level of SAA(31～169%) had the disease histories(1 with retained placenta, 3 with chronic mastitis, 2 with acute mastitis, 1 with abortion and acute mastitis, 1 with ovarian dysfunction, 1 with downer cow syndrome and 1 with laceration of the teat). The SAA value in the cows from B farm was ranged with 0～29% and disease history was not detected. In conclusion the SAA determination only is thought to be difficult for the diagnosis of bovine amyloidosis. Furthermore SAA estimation is thought to be a useful parameter for the health status in herds.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.151-171
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• 2014

Firms today have sought management effectiveness and efficiency utilizing information technologies (IT). Numerous firms are outsourcing specific information systems functions to cope with their short of information resources or IT experts, or to reduce their capital cost. Recently, Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) as a new type of information system has become one of the powerful outsourcing alternatives. SaaS is software deployed as a hosted and accessed over the internet. It is regarded as the idea of on-demand, pay-per-use, and utility computing and is now being applied to support the core competencies of clients in areas ranging from the individual productivity area to the vertical industry and e-commerce area. In this study, therefore, we seek to quantify the value that SaaS has on business performance by examining the relationships among firm strategies, SaaS technology maturity, and business performance of SaaS providers. We begin by drawing from prior literature on SaaS, technology maturity and firm strategy. SaaS technology maturity is classified into three different phases such as application service providing (ASP), Web-native application, and Web-service application. Firm strategies are manipulated by the low-cost strategy and differentiation strategy. Finally, we considered customer acquisition as a business performance. In this sense, specific objectives of this study are as follows. First, we examine the relationships between customer acquisition performance and both low-cost strategy and differentiation strategy of SaaS providers. Secondly, we investigate the mediating and moderating effects of SaaS technology maturity on those relationships. For this purpose, study collects data from the SaaS providers, and their line of applications registered in the database in CNK (Commerce net Korea) in Korea using a questionnaire method by the professional research institution. The unit of analysis in this study is the SBUs (strategic business unit) in the software provider. A total of 199 SBUs is used for analyzing and testing our hypotheses. With regards to the measurement of firm strategy, we take three measurement items for differentiation strategy such as the application uniqueness (referring an application aims to differentiate within just one or a small number of target industry), supply channel diversification (regarding whether SaaS vendor had diversified supply chain) as well as the number of specialized expertise and take two items for low cost strategy like subscription fee and initial set-up fee. We employ a hierarchical regression analysis technique for testing moderation effects of SaaS technology maturity and follow the Baron and Kenny's procedure for determining if firm strategies affect customer acquisition through technology maturity. Empirical results revealed that, firstly, when differentiation strategy is applied to attain business performance like customer acquisition, the effects of the strategy is moderated by the technology maturity level of SaaS providers. In other words, securing higher level of SaaS technology maturity is essential for higher business performance. For instance, given that firms implement application uniqueness or a distribution channel diversification as a differentiation strategy, they can acquire more customers when their level of SaaS technology maturity is higher rather than lower. Secondly, results indicate that pursuing differentiation strategy or low cost strategy effectively works for SaaS providers' obtaining customer, which means that continuously differentiating their service from others or making their service fee (subscription fee or initial set-up fee) lower are helpful for their business success in terms of acquiring their customers. Lastly, results show that the level of SaaS technology maturity mediates the relationships between low cost strategy and customer acquisition. That is, based on our research design, customers usually perceive the real value of the low subscription fee or initial set-up fee only through the SaaS service provide by vender and, in turn, this will affect their decision making whether subscribe or not.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.523-528
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• 2012

The recent appearance and evolution of cloud service including IaaS(Infrastructure as a Service), PaaS(Platform as a Service) and SaaS(Software as a Service) is potentially one of the major advances in information and communication technology. While a lot of studies are currently taking place in the technology itself, there is an equally urgent need for understanding and researching the business-related issues surrounding cloud service. As more and more individuals and companies use the cloud service, their concerns are beginning to grow about just how safe and reliable an environment it is. This paper focus on SaaS as an one of the important cloud service. For successful implementation of SaaS service, it is necessary to establish the certification systems to ensure safety and reliability of SaaS. This paper provides the safe and reliable framework for systematic SaaS certification systems. In order to develop it, the critical issues related to service quality and certification of SaaS service are identified and the systematic framework for certification systems of SaaS service and service provider domains are developed. An evaluation methodology for the developed certification systems is also proposed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.81-86
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• 2012

The global recession circumstances, cloud computing has emerged as a new paradigm in the business IT sector. This paper focuses on Software as a Service (SaaS) among cloud services. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been popularly utilized for examining how users come to accept a new technology, but have not yet been employed to handle issues regarding SaaS adoption. This paper aims at developing an exploratory model that examines important factors affecting SaaS adoption of small and medium sized companies. The proposed exploratory model tests a number of hypotheses which integrate TAM related theories with additional imperative constructs such as marketing effort. Thus, the findings of this study can not only help company users gain insights into SaaS adoption, but also help SaaS providers obtain inspiration in their efforts to discover more effective courses of action for developing their service and improving marketing strategy.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.75-94
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• 2018

Today, Software as a Service(SaaS) is being recognized as a key means to enable the innovation of software distribution. Despite the increase in the interest in SaaS, individuals as well as businesses are not yet making an extensive use of it. This research is aimed at identifying and analyzing the antecedents of intentions to use SaaS. We proposed a research model to predict an individual's intention to use SaaS based on the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM). To this end, we conducted a questionnaire survey in which actual software users participated. An empirical analysis has been performed to test the reliability and validity and the hypotheses using SPSS and AMOS software packages. The results of the analysis revealed that functionality, interoperability and economic benefits have positive effects on the intention to use SaaS, while system quality has no significant effect on the behavioral intention. We discussed practical as well as academic implications, and provided research directions.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.441-450
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• 2023

Objective: Serum amyloid A3 (SAA3), an acute phase response protein, plays important roles in opsonization, antimicrobial activity, chemotactic activity, and immunomodulation, but its expression, regulation, and function at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs are not fully understood. Therefore, we determined the expression of SAA3 in the endometrium throughout the estrous cycle and at the maternal-conceptus interface during pregnancy. Methods: Endometrial tissues from pigs at various stages of the estrous cycle and pregnancy and with conceptuses derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), conceptus tissues during early pregnancy, and chorioallantoic tissues during mid- to late pregnancy were obtained and the expression of SAA3 was analyzed. The effects of the steroid hormones, interleukin-1β (IL1B), and interferon-γ (IFNG) on the expression of SAA3 were determined in endometrial explant cultures. Results: SAA3 was expressed in the endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy, with the highest level on day 12 of pregnancy. The expression of SAA3 in the endometrium was significantly higher on day 12 of pregnancy than during the estrous cycle. Early-stage conceptuses and chorioallantoic tissues during mid to late pregnancy also expressed SAA3. The expression of SAA3 was primarily localized to luminal epithelial cells in the endometrium. In endometrial explant cultures, the expression of SAA3 was induced by increasing doses of IL1B and IFNG. Furthermore, the expression of SAA3 decreased significantly in the endometria of pigs carrying conceptuses derived from SCNT on day 12 of pregnancy. Conclusion: These results suggest that the expression of SAA3 in the endometrium during the implantation period increases in response to conceptus-derived IL1B and IFNG. The failure of those appropriate interactions between the implanting conceptus and the endometrium leads to dysregulation of endometrial SAA3 expression, which could result in pregnancy failure. In addition, SAA3 could be a specific endometrial epithelial marker for conceptus implantation in pigs.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.345-377
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• 2013

Government agencies have many difficulties for the information system development and operation. One of the difficulties is a budget estimation. Each government agency suggests individually different estimation for the personnel expenses and IT infrastructure adoption costs in the same field of informatization promotions. The other one is the operation costs are increased exponentially in every year[42, 51]. Those difficulties make government agencies can not help adopting SaaS. In fact, most of IT consulting company and government agencies already recognized a variety of SaaS advantages. The most typical SaaS's advantages are cost reduction, Software rapid development and deployment. However, once government agencies decide to adopt SaaS, they can not avoid many problems and difficulties. There is no information in a detailed item in a budget. In those kinds of situation, there is no choice whether government agencies accept SaaS provider's suggesting adoption costs or not. Thus, we provide a sheet of SaaS adoption cost estimation to government agencies. To know the cost factors, this study uses TCO(Total Cost of Ownership)'s criteria. To give a management point, this study uses Gartner's Application development Life Cycle. In this study, the integration check framework which is SaaS adoption cost estimation makes government agencies possible to establish a adequate budget.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.367-373
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• 2007

최근 소프트웨어 유통방식은 웹(Web) 2.0 시대의 도래와 더불어 SOA(Service Oriented Architecture) 웹 서비스(Web Service), 온 디멘드(On Demand), 컴퍼넌트(Component) 등의 개념 및 기술의 발전으로 ASP(Application Service Provider) 방식에서 SaaS(Soft as a Service) 방식으로 빠르게 진화하고 있다. 새롭게 등장하고 있는 SaaS 비즈니스 모델의 시장 경쟁력 결정 요인 분석은 SaaS 비즈니스 모델 중에서도 국내 가장 대표적인 그룹웨어, CRM, ERP 를 중심으로 전략경영이론을 도입하여 기업의 내부 및 외부 경쟁력 결정요인을 마이클포터, 동인분석, 주요 성공요인 분석, SWOT 를 중심으로 접근하고자 한다. 설문조사를 통한 주요 SaaS 비즈니스 모델별 시장 경쟁력 결정 요인에 대한 시론적인 분석 결과는 SaaS 시장 진출 신규 기업 및 정부의 SaaS 시장 육성 방향 설정 그리고 후속적인 연구의 방향을 결정하는데 중요한 벤치마킹 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2729-2738
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is, to analyze the recent trend of studies on SaaS(Software as a Service) in Korea and to suggest a direction for the future research. For this purpose, the relevant literatures published in Korea Citation Index and literatures presented in conferences were gathered. Among these literatures, total of 39 samples were selected and used in the systematic literature review. The result shows that the application of SaaS in actual operations of industries are widely proliferated. However, the studies on SaaS generally lacks in its number and types. For example, studies so far are only on field of engineering and technology. Considering the fact that SaaS is moving towards the service orientation, studies on SaaS should develop in the fields of policy, business, individual and society sides of studies. In addition, the existing studies uses different concepts of relations between SaaS and ASP(Application Service Provider), as well as, different definitions of SaaS. Lastly, our research analyzed the problems of utilization of SaaS and found that, the quality, performance and security are presented as the core of the problems.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1259-1263
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• 2010

SaaS is an emerging paradigm for software development and deployment, expected to able to reduce cost. SaaS is also considered as a crucial technology for implementation of cutting-edge technology, such as distributed computing, green computing, and cloud computing. SaaS is requested to be configurable software to satisfy various customers, therefore it is very important to consider every configurability requirement during requirement elicitation. Our research suggests a classification technique to secure completeness of configuration requirement.